Web 2.0: Social Software Foundations and Implications

Kevin R. GuidryIndiana University

Agenda

Part 1: Web 2.0

Part 2: Social Network Sites

Part 3: Technical Foundations and Examples

The Machine is Us/ing Us

Part 1: Web 2.0

Examples of Web 2.0

Exercise: For 2 minutes, silently list the best examples of Web 2.0 tools on a piece of scrap paper

Conceptions of Web 2.0

Source: Thomas Milne, http://flickr.com/photos/thomasmilne/275889463/

Conceptions of Web 2.0

Source: hlb, http://flickr.com/photos/hlb/153483394/

Conceptions of Web 2.0

Source: sensesmaybenumbed, http://flickr.com/photos/johannahobbs/452395359/

Properties of Web 2.0

Exercise: For 2 minutes, silently list the properties common to many of our identified Web 2.0 tools. Write each property on a separate Post-It note.

Properties of Web 2.0

Exercise: For 3 minutes, silently place the properties into meaningful groups. Do this in groups.

Properties of Web 2.0

Exercise: For 2 minutes, continue placing the properties into meaningful groups and label those groups. You may now talk.

Properties of Web 2.0Tim O’Reilly’s definition of Web 2.0:

“Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the computer industry caused by the move to the internet as platform, and an attempt to understand the rules for success on that new platform. Chief among those rules is this: Build applications that harness network effects to get better the more people use them. (This is what I've elsewhere called ‘harnessing collective intelligence.’)”

O’Reilly, T. (2006, Dec 10). Web 2.0 compact definition: Trying again. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web-20-compact-definition-tryi.html

Properties of Web 2.0

Other Tim O’Reilly rules of Web 2.0:1. The perpetual beta

O’Reilly, T. (2006, Dec 10). Web 2.0 compact definition: Trying again. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web-20-compact-definition-tryi.html

Properties of Web 2.0

Other Tim O’Reilly rules of Web 2.0:2. Small pieces loosely joined

O’Reilly, T. (2006, Dec 10). Web 2.0 compact definition: Trying again. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web-20-compact-definition-tryi.html

Properties of Web 2.0

Other Tim O’Reilly rules of Web 2.0:3. Software above the level of a single device

O’Reilly, T. (2006, Dec 10). Web 2.0 compact definition: Trying again. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web-20-compact-definition-tryi.html

O’Reilly, T. (2006, Dec 10). Web 2.0 compact definition: Trying again. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web-20-compact-definition-tryi.htmlImages: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Network_effect.png

Other Tim O’Reilly rules of Web 2.0:4. The law of conservation of attractive profits

Properties of Web 2.0

Properties of Web 2.0

Other Tim O’Reilly rules of Web 2.0:5. Data is the Intel Inside

O’Reilly, T. (2006, Dec 10). Web 2.0 compact definition: Trying again. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web-20-compact-definition-tryi.html

Draw of Web 2.0

Fighting Disinhibition• You don’t know me

Suler, J. (2004). The Online Disinhibition Effect. Retrieved October 5, 2008, from http://www-usr.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber/disinhibit.html

Draw of Web 2.0

Fighting Disinhibition• You can’t see me

Suler, J. (2004). The Online Disinhibition Effect. Retrieved October 5, 2008, from http://www-usr.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber/disinhibit.html

Draw of Web 2.0

Fighting Disinhibition• See you later

Suler, J. (2004). The Online Disinhibition Effect. Retrieved October 5, 2008, from http://www-usr.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber/disinhibit.html

Draw of Web 2.0

Fighting Disinhibition• It’s all in my head

Suler, J. (2004). The Online Disinhibition Effect. Retrieved October 5, 2008, from http://www-usr.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber/disinhibit.html

Draw of Web 2.0

Fighting Disinhibition• It’s just a game

Suler, J. (2004). The Online Disinhibition Effect. Retrieved October 5, 2008, from http://www-usr.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber/disinhibit.html

Draw of Web 2.0

Fighting Disinhibition• We’re equals

Suler, J. (2004). The Online Disinhibition Effect. Retrieved October 5, 2008, from http://www-usr.rider.edu/~suler/psycyber/disinhibit.html

Part 2: Social Network Sites (SNSes)

Undergraduate Use of SNSes

ECAR (N=12,007)

Salaway, G., & Caruso, J. B. (with Nelson, M. R.). (2008). The ECAR study of undergraduate students and information technology, 2007. Retrieved October 12, 2008, from http://connect.educause.edu/Library/ECAR/TheECARStudyofUndergradua/45075

Undergraduate Use of SNSes

CIRP YFCY (N= 31,500)

Higher Education Research Institute. (2007). College freshmen and online social networking sites(HERI research brief). Retrieved October 12, 2008, from http://www.gseis.ucla.edu/heri/PDFs/pubs/briefs/brief-091107-SocialNetworking.pdf

Undergraduate Use of SNSes

2008 Profile of Today's College Student (N=12,790)

NASPA. (2008). Technology use (Results from 2008 Profile of Today’s College Student survey). Retrieved October 12, 2008, from http://www.naspa.org/2008%20technology%20use.pdf

SNS Definition

Exercise: For 2 minutes, silently list the best examples of social network sites on a piece of scrap paper

SNS Definition

Exercise: For 3 minutes, collaborate with your group to identify common characteristics of the SNSes we just identified

SNS Definition

Web-based services that allow individuals to:1.Construct a public or semi-public profile

within a bounded system2.Articulate a list of other users with whom they

share a connection3.View and traverse their list of connections and

those made by others within the system.

boyd, d. m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1). Retrieved October 5, 2008, from http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/boyd.ellison.html

Properties of SNSes

Properties of SNSes

• Persistence• Searchability• Replicability• Invisible audiences

boyd, d. (2007). Why youth social network sites: The role of networked publics in teenage ♥

social life. In Youth, Identity, and Digital Media (D. Buckingham, ed.). Retrieved October 5, 2008, from http://www.mitpressjournals.org/toc/dmal/-/6

Why Youths Use SNSes

Why Youths Use SNSes

Friendship and Relationships

Source: carf, http://flickr.com/photos/beija-flor/25095929/

Friendship and Relationships

Sources: the other Martin Taylor, http://flickr.com/photos/martintaylor/409644464/Hamed Saber, http://flickr.com/photos/hamed/363297882/ B Tal, http://flickr.com/photos/b-tal/2602028012/

What Undergrads Do With SNSes

“The highest area for use on Facebook is staying connected to high school friends. One would expect more people using Facebook to connect to college peers; however a very small percentage (21.1%) are using it for this purpose.”

Vanden Boogart, M. R. (2006). Uncovering the social impacts of Facebook on a college campus. Unpublished Master of Science Thesis, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas.

What Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: carf, http://flickr.com/photos/beija-flor/25095929/

What Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: Jill, http://flickr.com/photos/lij/122525716/

What Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: ASurroca, http://flickr.com/photos/asurroca/51024419/

What Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: Darwin Bell, http://flickr.com/photos/darwinbell/522032651/

What Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: vidrio, http://flickr.com/photos/thatrileygirl/12657073/

What Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).

Why Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: dan taylor, http://flickr.com/photos/dantaylor/2044337954/

Why Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: mjecker, http://flickr.com/photos/mjecker/247922018/

Why Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: mjasonprickett, http://flickr.com/photos/mjasonprickett/83624085/

Why Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: donjuanna, http://flickr.com/photos/donjuanna/1345795150/

Why Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: labnol, http://flickr.com/photos/amit-agarwal/798831806/

Why Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: stop.down, http://flickr.com/photos/stopdown/1766847225/

Why Undergrads Do On Facebook

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday, 12(11).Photo: Lizzie engeance, http://flickr.com/photos/lizzievengeance/2240219099/

Is Anyone Not Using SNSes?

“Neither gender, ethnicity, nor income appeared to relate to propensity to join Facebook. Older students, and those who have been at school longer are significantly less likely to be on Facebook, probably reflecting an effect of the recency which with the MSU Facebook community began.”

Ellison, N., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2006). Spatially bounded online social networks and social capital: The role of Facebook. Dresden, Germany: Annual Conference of the International Communication Association.

Is Anyone Not Using SNSes?

SES matters

Hargittai, E. (2007). Whose space? Differences among users and non-users of social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1). Retrieved October 5, 2008, from http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/hargittai.html

Part 3: Technical Foundation and Examples

Technical Foundation of Web 2.0

Tim O’Reilly rules of Web 2.0:1. The perpetual beta

O’Reilly, T. (2006, Dec 10). Web 2.0 compact definition: Trying again. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web-20-compact-definition-tryi.html

Technical Foundation of Web 2.0

Other Tim O’Reilly rules of Web 2.0:2. Small pieces loosely joined

O’Reilly, T. (2006, Dec 10). Web 2.0 compact definition: Trying again. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web-20-compact-definition-tryi.html

Technical Foundation of Web 2.0

Other Tim O’Reilly rules of Web 2.0:3. Software above the level of a single device

O’Reilly, T. (2006, Dec 10). Web 2.0 compact definition: Trying again. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web-20-compact-definition-tryi.html

Technical Foundation of Web 2.0

Other Tim O’Reilly rules of Web 2.0:4. The law of conservation of attractive profits

O’Reilly, T. (2006, Dec 10). Web 2.0 compact definition: Trying again. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web-20-compact-definition-tryi.html

Technical Foundation of Web 2.0

Other Tim O’Reilly rules of Web 2.0:5. Data is the Intel Inside

O’Reilly, T. (2006, Dec 10). Web 2.0 compact definition: Trying again. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web-20-compact-definition-tryi.html

Technical Foundation of Web 2.0

Source: CraftyGoat, http://flickr.com/photos/craftygoat/2758072270/

Implementation of Web 2.0

Source: http://aaweb.gallaudet.edu/Bobs_Vlog/2008-09-23_Gallaudets_Future.html

Implementation of Web 2.0

Source: http://wiki.case.edu/Main_Page

Implementation of Web 2.0

Source: http://oregonstate.edu/webprojects/wiki/osu/index.php/OSU_Computer_Helpdesk

Implementation of Web 2.0

Source: http://resnetsymposium.org/wiki/index.php/ResNet_Testimonials

Implementation of Web 2.0

Source: http://connect.educause.edu/

Implementation of Web 2.0

Source: http://www.netvibes.com/wesch#Digital_Ethnography

Implementation of Web 2.0

Your examples?

Summary

Summary

Let’s watch “The Machine is Us/ing Us” again, this time with a critical eye…

Summary

• No agreement on Web 2.0 or social software• Many powerful uses closely tied to

fundamental human actions• Glue is good

El Fin

Kevin R. Guidrykguidry@indiana.edu

http://mistakengoal.com