1 June 2010 WWW-YES-2010 water survey summary 1

WATER SURVEY SUMMARY

prepared by Julian ELEUTERIO (Brazil), Shafi ISLAM (Bangladesh)

& Camilo MUNOZ-TROCHEZ (Colombia) 1st June 2010 Salle Jean Vilar, Arcueil (France)

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Results of 2009 and 2010 surveys66 cities spread over 4 continents

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City Characteristics

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Total Number Of Cities

• 31 countries• 66 cities• Including 15 new cities for 2010

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Some are cities, some are regions

City area is really variable

22 000 km2

4 km2

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Tunisia - Sfax

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Biggest cities are in Asia. But they are the most scarce in the data collected

Population is also very variable

17 000 inhabitants

500 inhabitants

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Egypt - Cairo

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Water Source

• European cities use basically groundwater and rivers.

• American cities use rivers, lakes and groundwater.

• Asian cities use rivers• African cities use rivers and groundwater

Need for river and groundwater care

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Spain - Zaragoza

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Drinking Water Access

• A trend of using in-house water tap was found

• However the coverage wasn’t 100% for all cities so some cities use combined sources

Need to consider intermittent water systems

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Bangladesh - Dhaka

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Plenty of opportunities for water utilities improvement

Public utilities are the most common all over the world

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A lot of changes from public to private water

utilities or mixed operation

Water utility age (years)

160 years

< 10 years

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United States of America - Chicago

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Presence of Mega cities

Water utility daily production (m3 / day)

5 M m3 / day

500 m3 / day

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Brazil – Sao Paulo & Pirapora

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Water price

ISSUES

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Household water bill (€/month/household)

Household income (€/month/household)

Water Bill / IncomeYounde (Cameroon) 8.9%Chengdu (China) 8.5%Sfax (Tunisia) 8.0%München (Germany) 7.3%Ziguinchor (Senegal) 6.6%Kairouan (Tunisia) 6.0%Agboville (Ivory coast) 6.0%Montes Claros (Brazil) 5.7%Yaoundé (Cameroon) 5.6%Urban Community of Strasbourg (France) 5.3%SIE Lillion (France) 4.4%Pirapora (Brazil) 4.2%Douala (Cameroon) 4.0%Obera (Argentina) 3.7%Bogotá (Colombia) 3.5%Cali (Colombia) 3.4%Accra (Ghana) 3.0%Cairo (Egypt) 3.0%Porto Alegre (Brazil) 2.9%São Paulo (Brazil) 2.9%

Paris (France) 2.7%Caraguatatuba (Brazil) 2.5%Nantes (France) 2.3%Abeokuta (Nigeria) 2.1%Magurele (Romania) 1.4%Istanbul (Turkey) 1.3%Walloon Region (Belgium) 1.0%Neuilly-sur-Marne (France) 1.0%Ribeirão Preto (Brazil) 0.9%Delhi (India) 0.5%

Water bill = 9% of family income

Water bill = 0.5% of income

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Measures for low income households (2010 survey: 15 cities only)

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Coca Cola price (€/liter)

Water price (€/liter)

Coca Cola price (€/L ) / Water price (€/L)Kairouan (Tunisia) 10000Cali (Colombia) 8500Sfax (Tunisia) 6250Kebili (Tunisia) 5982Chengdu (China) 4067Accra (Ghana) 4000Agboville (Ivory coast) 3995Dakar (Senegal) 3571Libertad (Uruguay) 3333Khouribga (Marocco) 3333Younde (Cameroon) 3333Douala (Cameroon) 3304Cotonou (Bénin) 3300Chicago (U.S.A.) 2500Ribeirão Preto (Brazil) 2344Montes Claros (Brazil) 1836Ziguinchor (Senegal) 1652Campinas (Brazil) 1583Caraguatatuba (Brazil) 1500Abeokuta (Nigeria) 1400Zaragoza (Spain) 1322Almada (Portugal) 1290Guadalajara (Mexico) 1280Pirapora (Brazil) 1202Yaoundé (Cameroon) 1200Magurele (Romania) 1108Vespasiano (Brazil) 1033Porto Alegre (Brazil) 1000Tulancingo (Peru) 875Obera (Argentina) 781

Paris (France) 692München (Germany) 685Istanbul (Turkey) 667SIE Lillion (France) 628Tromsø (Norway) 625Nantes (France) 598Bogotá (Colombia) 575São Paulo (Brazil) 533Ferrara (Italy) 314Neuilly-sur-Marne (France) 300Urban Community of Strasbourg (France) 298Walloon Region (Belgium) 225Saint Maur des Fossés (France) 204

Coke = 10,000 water price

Coke = 204 water price

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Service quality

ISSUES

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Delivery problemsBeyrouth (Lebanon) 2.8Nairobi (Kenya) 2.8Accra (Ghana) 2.8Douala (Cameroon) 2.3Younde (Cameroon) 2.3Ziguinchor (Senegal) 2.2Dakar (Senegal) 2.0Tulancingo (Peru) 2.0Dhaka (Bangladesh) 2.0São Paulo (Brazil) 1.8Cotonou (Bénin) 1.8Delhi (India) 1.8Obera (Argentina) 1.5Yaoundé (Cameroon) 1.3Kairouan (Tunisia) 1.3Cali (Colombia) 1.3Cairo (Egypt) 1.0Athens (Greece) 1.0Khouribga (Marocco) 0.8Abeokuta (Nigeria) 0.8Agboville ((Ivory coast)) 0.8Guadalajara (Mexico) 0.8Caraguatatuba (Brazil) 0.8Istanbul (Turkey) 0.8SIE Lillion (France) 0.8Sfax (Tunisia) 0.6Pirapora (Brazil) 0.6Kebili (Tunisia) 0.5Vespasiano (Brazil) 0.5San José (Costa Rica) 0.5Magurele (Romania) 0.5Chicago (U.S.A.) 0.4Campinas (Brazil) 0.3Porto Alegre (Brazil) 0.3Libertad (Uruguay) 0.3Chengdu (China) 0.3Urban Community of Strasbourg (France) 0.3Neuilly-sur-Marne (France) 0.2Zaragoza (Spain) 0.2Tromsø (Norway) 0.2Bogotá (Colombia) 0.0Montes Claros (Brazil) 0.0Ribeirão Preto (Brazil) 0.0München (Germany) 0.0Nantes (France) 0.0

Paris (France) 0.0Walloon Region (Belgium) 0.0Ferrara (Italy) 0.0Almada (Portugal) 0.0Saint Maur des Fossés (France) 0.0

Price problemsNairobi (Kenya) 3.0Abeokuta (Nigeria) 3.0Accra (Ghana) 2.5Yaoundé (Cameroon) 2.5Vespasiano (Brazil) 2.5Beyrouth (Lebanon) 2.5Douala (Cameroon) 2.0Ziguinchor (Senegal) 2.0Dakar (Senegal) 2.0Cotonou (Bénin) 2.0Bogotá (Colombia) 2.0Montes Claros (Brazil) 2.0Dhaka (Bangladesh) 2.0Nantes (France) 2.0

Paris (France) 2.0Walloon Region (Belgium) 2.0Khouribga (Marocco) 1.5Agboville ((Ivory coast)) 1.5Sfax (Tunisia) 1.5Kebili (Tunisia) 1.5Tulancingo (Peru) 1.5Pirapora (Brazil) 1.5San José (Costa Rica) 1.5Younde (Cameroon) 1.0Kairouan (Tunisia) 1.0Cairo (Egypt) 1.0São Paulo (Brazil) 1.0Obera (Argentina) 1.0Cali (Colombia) 1.0Porto Alegre (Brazil) 1.0Magurele (Romania) 1.0Urban Community of Strasbourg (France) 1.0München (Germany) 1.0Ferrara (Italy) 1.0Almada (Portugal) 1.0Guadalajara (Mexico) 0.5Caraguatatuba (Brazil) 0.5Campinas (Brazil) 0.5Libertad (Uruguay) 0.5Ribeirão Preto (Brazil) 0.5Chengdu (China) 0.5Athens (Greece) 0.5SIE Lillion (France) 0.5Neuilly-sur-Marne (France) 0.5Zaragoza (Spain) 0.5Chicago (U.S.A.) 0.0Delhi (India) 0.0Istanbul (Turkey) 0.0Tromsø (Norway) 0.0Saint Maur des Fossés (France) 0.0

Water sanity problemsDouala (Cameroon) 3.0Khouribga (Marocco) 3.0Younde (Cameroon) 3.0Cairo (Egypt) 3.0Tulancingo (Peru) 3.0Guadalajara (Mexico) 3.0Beyrouth (Lebanon) 3.0München (Germany) 3.0Ziguinchor (Senegal) 2.0Agboville ((Ivory coast)) 2.0Sfax (Tunisia) 2.0São Paulo (Brazil) 2.0Dhaka (Bangladesh) 2.0SIE Lillion (France) 2.0Vespasiano (Brazil) 1.5Ferrara (Italy) 1.5Dakar (Senegal) 1.0Kebili (Tunisia) 1.0Bogotá (Colombia) 1.0Montes Claros (Brazil) 1.0San José (Costa Rica) 1.0Cali (Colombia) 1.0Caraguatatuba (Brazil) 1.0Campinas (Brazil) 1.0Chicago (U.S.A.) 1.0Urban Community of Strasbourg (France) 1.0Athens (Greece) 1.0Nairobi (Kenya) 0.7Abeokuta (Nigeria) 0.7Yaoundé (Cameroon) 0.7Cotonou (Bénin) 0.7Chengdu (China) 0.7Delhi (India) 0.7Istanbul (Turkey) 0.7Nantes (France) 0.7

Paris (France) 0.7Walloon Region (Belgium) 0.7Libertad (Uruguay) 0.5Accra (Ghana) 0.0Kairouan (Tunisia) 0.0Pirapora (Brazil) 0.0Obera (Argentina) 0.0Porto Alegre (Brazil) 0.0Ribeirão Preto (Brazil) 0.0Magurele (Romania) 0.0Almada (Portugal) 0.0Neuilly-sur-Marne (France) 0.0Zaragoza (Spain) 0.0Tromsø (Norway) 0.0Saint Maur des Fossés (France) 0.0

Max.

Min.

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Global problemsBeyrouth (Lebanon) 2.8Douala (Cameroon) 2.4Tulancingo (Peru) 2.2Nairobi (Kenya) 2.1Younde (Cameroon) 2.1Ziguinchor (Senegal) 2.1Dhaka (Bangladesh) 2.0Khouribga (Marocco) 1.8Accra (Ghana) 1.8Dakar (Senegal) 1.7Cairo (Egypt) 1.7São Paulo (Brazil) 1.6Vespasiano (Brazil) 1.5Cotonou (Bénin) 1.5Yaoundé (Cameroon) 1.5Abeokuta (Nigeria) 1.5Agboville ((Ivory coast)) 1.4Guadalajara (Mexico) 1.4Sfax (Tunisia) 1.4München (Germany) 1.3Cali (Colombia) 1.1SIE Lillion (France) 1.1Kebili (Tunisia) 1.0San José (Costa Rica) 1.0Bogotá (Colombia) 1.0Montes Claros (Brazil) 1.0Nantes (France) 0.9

Paris (France) 0.9Walloon Region (Belgium) 0.9Obera (Argentina) 0.8Athens (Greece) 0.8Ferrara (Italy) 0.8Delhi (India) 0.8Kairouan (Tunisia) 0.8Caraguatatuba (Brazil) 0.8Urban Community of Strasbourg (France) 0.8Pirapora (Brazil) 0.7Campinas (Brazil) 0.6Magurele (Romania) 0.5Istanbul (Turkey) 0.5Chengdu (China) 0.5Chicago (U.S.A.) 0.5Porto Alegre (Brazil) 0.4Libertad (Uruguay) 0.4Almada (Portugal) 0.3Neuilly-sur-Marne (France) 0.2Zaragoza (Spain) 0.2Ribeirão Preto (Brazil) 0.2Tromsø (Norway) 0.1Saint Maur des Fossés (France) 0.0

Water household priceSaint Maur des Fossés (France) 3.93Ferrara (Italy) 3.50Urban Community of Strasbourg (France) 3.12Neuilly-sur-Marne (France) 3.00Walloon Region (Belgium) 2.93

Paris (France) 2.89Nantes (France) 2.51SIE Lillion (France) 2.23São Paulo (Brazil) 1.50Istanbul (Turkey) 1.50München (Germany) 1.46Tromsø (Norway) 1.28Vespasiano (Brazil) 0.92Tulancingo (Peru) 0.80Porto Alegre (Brazil) 0.74Zaragoza (Spain) 0.73Bogotá (Colombia) 0.73Almada (Portugal) 0.69Magurele (Romania) 0.65Obera (Argentina) 0.64Pirapora (Brazil) 0.52Yaoundé (Cameroon) 0.50Campinas (Brazil) 0.48Ziguinchor (Senegal) 0.46Douala (Cameroon) 0.46Younde (Cameroon) 0.45Caraguatatuba (Brazil) 0.40Chicago (U.S.A.) 0.40Accra (Ghana) 0.40Agboville (Ivory coast) 0.39Ribeirão Preto (Brazil) 0.32Abeokuta (Nigeria) 0.30Cotonou (Bénin) 0.30Libertad (Uruguay) 0.30Montes Claros (Brazil) 0.29Dakar (Senegal) 0.28Guadalajara (Mexico) 0.25Khouribga (Marocco) 0.15Chengdu (China) 0.15Cali (Colombia) 0.12Sfax (Tunisia) 0.08Kebili (Tunisia) 0.08Kairouan (Tunisia) 0.07Dhaka (Bangladesh) 0.03

Max.

Min.

3.9 €/m3

0.03 €/m3

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OUR PERSONAL OPINION

49 participants

2009 & 2010 WWW-YES workshops

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Water production and/or distribution should be public or private? Why?

• 39 participants: it should be PUBLIC– Control of financial profit– Control of water price

• 10 participants : it should be PRIVATE– Ability to meet rising water demands– Good examples of private management

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Citizens should be involved in the water management?

• 44 participants: YES• 5 participants: NO

• How should citizens be involved?– 40% - consumer organisation– 19% - NGO

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Should drinking water be for free?

• 13 participants: YES• 36 participants: NO

• For whom?– 67% - Depending on household income– 33% - Depending on consumed volume

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Gender

ISSUES

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• Role of woman in housework (or in providing drinking water)– Average: 77%

• Proportion of woman in user committee– Average: 38%

• Water production or distribution director– Man: 100%

• Local water service director– Man: 100%

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Conclusions

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• Through 3 sessions of the WWW- YES workshop– 66 cites have been surveyed for their

drinking water system and its operation– 49 participants expressed their

personal opinion– Survey results have been presented to

and discussed with the public• Significant involvement of young

scientists for world water problems

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Any questions or comments?