10,000 sq m/hect x 1.6m/year = 16,000,000 liters/hect/year

5 year Master development plan - 3 hectares - tropical - 1,600mm annual rainfall30% pasture, 30% forest,15% water, 25% fruits/vegetables

swales

swalesswales

swales

swales

Pond 00

Pond 0

Pond 1

Pond 2

Pond 3

Pond 4Pond 5

Pond 00 - ridge damPond 0 - contour damPond 1 - contour damPond 2 - barrier/check damPond 3 - keyline damPond 4 - saddle damPond 5 - ridge dam

12,000L rainwater storage

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Orphanage

Dorms

5 year Master development plan - 3 hectares - tropical - 1,600mm annual rainfall30% pasture, 30% forest,15% water, 25% fruits/vegetables

swales

swalesswales

swales

swales

Pond 00

Pond 0

Pond 1

Pond 2

Pond 3

Pond 4Pond 5

Pond 00 - ridge damPond 0 - contour damPond 1 - contour damPond 2 - barrier/check damPond 3 - keyline damPond 4 - saddle damPond 5 - ridge dam

12,000L rainwater storage

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Orphanage

DormsZone 2Zone 2

Zone 3Zone 3Zone 4Zone 4 Zone 5Zone 5

Approximate average hill profile

52 m

30 m

Key line

200 meters

20132012

2011

Aloha House

2001 2005

Dam 1

Dam 1

Swale 1

Swale 1

Swale 2

Swale 3

Swale 3

The Swale

Water harvesting technique on contour with the land

The best way to maximize rain water is by slowing it down so that it can soak into the ground. Give it the longest path on the slowest course.

Swale 3

Swale 3

The Swale

Water harvesting technique on contour with the land

Soft mound of soil planted with cover crop

downhill of ditch

Water harvesting ditch on contour with the land

The Swale

Water percolates through to the lower soil 2 ways

The Swale

Water percolates through to the lower soil 2 ways

Swale

Ditch

Swale 3

The Swale

Water percolates through to the lower soil 2 ways

ditch

swale

The Swale

Water percolates through to the lower soil 2 ways

The Swale

Water percolates through to the lower soil 2 ways

The Swale

Water percolates through to the lower soil 2 waysWater provides extra

growth potential in the soil system

swale

swale

swale

Marked swale

Existing Pond SitePond 1

10 months in drum10 months in drum

Existing Pond Site

Pond 1

Swale 1

Swale 2

Dam Construction

Dam Construction

Dam Failure

Dam Construction

Dam Failure

Dam Construction

Dam Failure

Dam Construction

Dam Integrity

Remove valuable topsoil for later use

Dam Construction

Dam Integrity

Remove valuable topsoil for later use

Dam Construction

Dam Integrity

The dam key is the lock in the soil that allows a safety margin and prevents water from undermining the dam

dam key

Small Barrier dam for silt collection and protection of lower dams

Small Barrier dam for silt collection and protection of lower dams

Small Barrier dam for silt collection and protection of lower dams

Dam Construction

Dam Integrity

dam key

The dam key is the lock in the soil that allows a safety margin and prevents water from undermining the dam

Compressed soil

Dam Construction

Dam Integrity

dam key

The dam key is the lock in the soil that allows a safety margin and prevents water from undermining the dam

Compressed soil

Dam Construction

Dam Integrity

Freeboard

Freeboard is the level above water that allows a safety margin in case of a big rain event

Dam Construction

Dam Integrity

•Replace valuable topsoil for replanting and preventing muddy water

Dam Construction

Dam longevity

•Replace valuable topsoil for replanting and preventing muddy water•Plant cover crop to prevent silt•Trees are not in dam -- to prevent leaks/weakness

Shade slows evaporation

1. Deepen pond2. Fill old spillway3. Add swale

Existing Pond Site

Pond 1

1. Deepen pond2. Fill old spillway3. Add swale w/ spillway

old spillway

swale

spillway

Pond 1

swale

spillway Filling

The swale with a spillway tied to a dam collects water and flows it to the dam till it is full then backflows to the spill way gently releasing the rain water overflow through the spillway.

swale

spillway

Releasing

The swale with a spillway tied to a dam collects water and flows it to the dam till it is full then backflows to the spill way gently releasing the rain water overflow through the spillway.

Pond 1

Pond Site

Pond 1

1. Remove topsoil2. Cut dam key3. Build dam4. Add swale w/ spillway

Pond 2

Pond Site

Pond 2

damswale

Pond 2

Small Barrier dam for silt collection and protection of lower dams

Dam key to lock soil

Pond 2Pond 1

Pond 1

Pond 2

Pond 1

Pond Site

Pond 2

Pond 2

Pond 1

Pond 2Pond 1

Pond 2

Pond 1

Pond 3

Pond 2

Wall material after top soil is removed

Pond 3

Lowest edge

Dam key

Baffle drain

Pond Site

Pond 3

Dam 2swale

swale

Pond 3

Dam 3

Dam 2

Pond 3

Dam 3

Pond 3

Pond Site

Pond 3

Established vetiver for erosion control

Road improvement for water catchment

Road improvement for water catchment

Dam key to lock soil

Dam key to lock soil

Pond 2

Pond 3

Pond 3

Pond 3

Pond 3

Pond 3

Pond 3

Pond 3

Established vetiver for erosion control

Pond 3

Established vetiver for erosion control

Pond 3

Dam Integrity

Drainpipe without baffles will fail

Water Harvesting Drain pipes

Water Harvesting Drain pipes

Drainpipe with baffles

baffles stop leaks

Water Harvesting Drain pipes

Drainpipe with baffles

1” drain for irrigation

2” drain for irrigation

baffles stop leaks

baffles stop leaks

Inlay drain pipe

Manually pack drain pipe

Manually pack drain pipe

Manually pack drain pipe

Manually pack drain pipe

Manually pack drain pipe

Machine pack in layers

Established vetiver for erosion control

Established vetiver for erosion control

Established vetiver for erosion control

Moving vetiver for seedling multiplication

Established vetiver for erosion control

Moving vetiver for seedling multiplication

Established vetiver for erosion control

Moving vetiver for seedling multiplication

Established vetiver for erosion control

keyline

contour

Gulley 5Gulley 5

Gulley 4Gulley 4

Gulley 3Gulley 3

Gulley 2Gulley 2

Established vetiver for erosion control

Banana ring

6 months6 months

Established vetiver for erosion control

12 months12 months

Established vetiver for erosion control

Established vetiver for erosion control

Pond Site

Pond 3

5 year Master development plan - 3 hectares - tropical - 1,600mm annual rainfall30% pasture, 30% forest,15% water, 25% fruits/vegetables

swales

swalesswales

swales

swales

Pond 00

Pond 0

Pond 1

Pond 2

Pond 3

Pond 4Pond 5

Pond 00 - ridge damPond 0 - contour damPond 1 - contour damPond 2 - barrier/check damPond 3 - keyline damPond 4 - saddle damPond 5 - ridge dam

12,000L rainwater storage

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Hitachi work order

• Canal/road to pond 2• Pond 1 - Drain pipe w/ baffles

– Cut slot– Soil goes to road

• Clean up pond 1– Soil goes to pipe slot– Extra soil to road– Improve swale from pond 2

• Pond 3 clay removal– Vetiver removal– Cut key– Deep scraping and piling– Compacting– Banana rings– Swale spillway– Pond 3 - Drain pipe w/ baffles

• Pond 0• Canal to rice• Pond 00 -above rice paddy• Pond 4 - Bakers