Post on 26-Mar-2015
Warning:Warning:
This organization is solely This organization is solely
for peacekeeping. So if you need for peacekeeping. So if you need
peacemaking peacemaking DO NOTDO NOT ask ask
this group. this group.
““The Peacekeepers”The Peacekeepers”A.K.A. the United NationsA.K.A. the United Nations
By:By:
Nate Falk & Aishwarya RajeNate Falk & Aishwarya Raje
What is the United Nations?What is the United Nations?
An internationalAn international
organization whose ultimateorganization whose ultimate
goal is to achieve world peacegoal is to achieve world peace
PurposePurpose Help countries cooperate with Help countries cooperate with
international law.international law. Promoting and ensuring human Promoting and ensuring human
rights.rights. Maintain friendly relations Maintain friendly relations
between countriesbetween countries Stopping environmental Stopping environmental
destruction.destruction.
What Else is it up to?What Else is it up to?
Has Has 66 official languages: official languages:-English-English
-Arabic-Arabic-Chinese-Chinese-Spanish-Spanish-French-French-Russian-Russian
193 193 MembersMembers
Founded in 1945 (67 Years Old). Replaced Founded in 1945 (67 Years Old). Replaced the League of Nations. the League of Nations.
The League of NationsThe League of Nations
Formed after WWI to prevent Formed after WWI to prevent another world war, obviously another world war, obviously worked because there was no worked because there was no WWII….Oh Wait.WWII….Oh Wait.
Never had U.S. membership, Never had U.S. membership, Germany was only a member Germany was only a member for 6 years, USSR member for for 6 years, USSR member for 5 years, Japan and Italy 5 years, Japan and Italy withdrew in the 1930’s.withdrew in the 1930’s.
Didn’t have support from Didn’t have support from powerful nations (‘merica).powerful nations (‘merica).
No military powerNo military power Members unwilling to place Members unwilling to place
sanctionssanctions
The “Big Four” talk The “Big Four” talk about all the successesabout all the successesof the League ofof the League ofNations. IT WILL ENDNations. IT WILL ENDALL WARS, FOREVER ALL WARS, FOREVER (As You Know)(As You Know)
Post WWIIPost WWII
There were talks between USA, UK, There were talks between USA, UK, China, and USSR to create another China, and USSR to create another International organization.International organization.
1944: Representatives from those four 1944: Representatives from those four Countries met in Washington D.C. to Countries met in Washington D.C. to prepare a new organization.prepare a new organization.
End of the War: Representatives of 50 End of the War: Representatives of 50 Countries met in San Francisco to sign the Countries met in San Francisco to sign the United Nations CharterUnited Nations Charter
Charter of the United NationsCharter of the United NationsTreaty ratified by most member states Treaty ratified by most member states (Except the Catholic Church)(Except the Catholic Church)
-All Members Bound By its Articles-All Members Bound By its Articles
July 1945: Signed and went into effect October of 1945 afterJuly 1945: Signed and went into effect October of 1945 afterapproved by Security Council.approved by Security Council.
-Security Council Members: USA, China, France, Russia, and UK.-Security Council Members: USA, China, France, Russia, and UK.
Meant to preserve peace, security, and human Meant to preserve peace, security, and human rights worldwide.rights worldwide.
29 Chapters29 Chapters
Can be Amended if approved by two thirds of General Assembly andCan be Amended if approved by two thirds of General Assembly andSecurity Council.Security Council.
UN kept many ideals and structure of the League of Nations, butUN kept many ideals and structure of the League of Nations, butthe goals of the UN were catered to a post war world.the goals of the UN were catered to a post war world.
League Council became the UN Security Council.League Council became the UN Security Council.
The UN is BornThe UN is Born
MembershipMembership
States are admittedStates are admittedto membership in to membership in the UN by decision ofthe UN by decision ofthe General Assemblythe General Assemblyupon recommendationupon recommendationof Security Council.of Security Council.
Procedure:Procedure: State submits an applicationState submits an applicationto Secretary-General and letter to Secretary-General and letter formally stating that it accepts formally stating that it accepts the obligations under the charterthe obligations under the charter
Security Council considers Security Council considers application. Recommendation application. Recommendation must receive votes from 9 0f 15 must receive votes from 9 0f 15 members of Security Council.members of Security Council.
US, China, France, Russia,US, China, France, Russia,and UK (Permanent Members) and UK (Permanent Members) must all approve. must all approve.
LeadershipLeadership
The Great Leaders of the United NationsThe Great Leaders of the United Nations
General Assembly General Assembly Main deliberative, policymaking andMain deliberative, policymaking andrepresentative organ of the UN. representative organ of the UN.
Provides unique forum for multilateralProvides unique forum for multilateraldiscussion of the full spectrum of discussion of the full spectrum of international issues covered by the international issues covered by the CharterCharter
Meets intensively from SeptemberMeets intensively from SeptemberDecember and whenever else required. December and whenever else required.
Subsidiary Bodies:Subsidiary Bodies:Boards, Commissions, Committees, Councils/Panels, andBoards, Commissions, Committees, Councils/Panels, andWorking Groups.Working Groups.
Led by President Nassir Aboulaziz Al-Nasser (Picked by Led by President Nassir Aboulaziz Al-Nasser (Picked by Assembly).Assembly).
-Has 21 Vice Presidents -Has 21 Vice Presidents
Security CouncilSecurity Council
Maintenance of international peace of security. Maintenance of international peace of security.
Ways they “Ways they “TRY”TRY” to bring peace: to bring peace:
Threat: Recommend the parties to try to reach Threat: Recommend the parties to try to reach
agreement by peaceful means.agreement by peaceful means. Can appoint Can appoint
special representatives. special representatives.
Fighting: Attempt to bring to end ASAP. Sends Fighting: Attempt to bring to end ASAP. Sends
in UN Peace Keeping forces to help reduce tensions. in UN Peace Keeping forces to help reduce tensions.
Keep opposing forces apart and create conditions of Keep opposing forces apart and create conditions of
calm in which peace can be sought.calm in which peace can be sought.
And We Continue With More And We Continue With More Security Council FunSecurity Council Fun
Currently the UK is the PresidentCurrently the UK is the Presidentof Security council.of Security council.
Rotates once a month Rotates once a month and country is chosenand country is chosenthrough English alphabeticalthrough English alphabeticalorder. order.
Feb 2012: TogoFeb 2012: TogoMarch 2012: UKMarch 2012: UKApril 2012: USApril 2012: USMay 2012: Azerbaijan May 2012: Azerbaijan
Subsidiary BodiesSubsidiary Bodies Peacebuilding CommissionPeacebuilding Commission Sanctions CommissionSanctions Commission Office of the OmbudsmanOffice of the Ombudsman Counter Terrorism CommitteeCounter Terrorism Committee 1540 Committee1540 Committee UN Compensation UN Compensation
CommissionCommission International Criminal International Criminal
Tribunal/ YugoslaviaTribunal/ Yugoslavia International Criminal International Criminal
Tribunal/ RwandaTribunal/ Rwanda Working Group on Children Working Group on Children
and Armed Conflictand Armed Conflict Working Group on Working Group on
DocumentationDocumentation
Economic and Social CouncilEconomic and Social Council
President: Milos KoterecPresident: Milos Koterec(Elected for 1 Year Term)(Elected for 1 Year Term)
Where economic, social, and Where economic, social, and environmental issues areenvironmental issues arediscussed and debated. discussed and debated.
Policy recommendationsPolicy recommendationsissued issued
54 Member States elected 54 Member States elected by General Assembly for by General Assembly for 3 year terms.3 year terms.
Functional CommissionsFunctional Commissions Statistical CommissionStatistical Commission Commission on PopulationCommission on Population and Developmentand Development Commission for SocialCommission for Social DevelopmentDevelopment Commission on Status of WomenCommission on Status of Women Commission on Narcotic DrugsCommission on Narcotic Drugs Commission on Crime Prevention Commission on Crime Prevention
and Criminal Justiceand Criminal Justice Commission on Science and Commission on Science and
Technology for DevelopmentTechnology for Development Commission on Sustainable Commission on Sustainable
DevelopmentDevelopment UN Forum on Forests UN Forum on Forests
Trusteeship CouncilTrusteeship Council
President: Michel DuclosPresident: Michel Duclos
Authorized to examine and discuss Authorized to examine and discuss reports from the Administeringreports from the AdministeringAuthority on politics, economics, Authority on politics, economics, social, and educational advancementsocial, and educational advancementof peoples Trust Territories. of peoples Trust Territories.
Suspended operation on November 1Suspended operation on November 1stst 1994 1994-These days only meets when President asks-These days only meets when President asks
International Court of JusticeInternational Court of Justice
Based out of Hague, NetherlandsBased out of Hague, Netherlands
Principal Judicial organ in the UNPrincipal Judicial organ in the UN
Settles disputes between statesSettles disputes between statesand gives advisory opinions to and gives advisory opinions to UN and its specialized agencies UN and its specialized agencies
SecretariatSecretariat
Headed by Ban Ki-Moon Headed by Ban Ki-Moon -Selected by General Assembly, -Selected by General Assembly, recommended by Security Council. recommended by Security Council.
Can be vetoed by permanent members.Can be vetoed by permanent members.
Carries out day to dayCarries out day to day
work of organizationwork of organization-Administering peacekeeping -Administering peacekeeping operationsoperations
-Surveying economic and social trends-Surveying economic and social trends
-Preparing studies on human rights-Preparing studies on human rights
Repertory of Practice of UN OrgansRepertory of Practice of UN Organs
Legal publication containing Legal publication containing analytical studies of the decisions of analytical studies of the decisions of the principal organs of the UN. the principal organs of the UN.
Comprehensive summary of the Comprehensive summary of the decisions UN organs made and decisions UN organs made and serves to throw light on questions of serves to throw light on questions of application and interpretation of the application and interpretation of the UN charter in practice. UN charter in practice.
The Advantages and The Advantages and
DisadvantagesDisadvantages
Advantages of MembershipAdvantages of Membership
Provides government officials to meet, Provides government officials to meet, share ideas, and consult on international share ideas, and consult on international problemsproblems
Ability to create potential for peaceful Ability to create potential for peaceful solutionssolutions
Help establish norms that many countries Help establish norms that many countries would like to live bywould like to live by
Ability to provide critical services that are Ability to provide critical services that are essential to international peace, security, essential to international peace, security, stability, and prosperitystability, and prosperity
Disadvantages: Now it Gets FunDisadvantages: Now it Gets Fun Plagued with bureaucracy so tough to have to a Plagued with bureaucracy so tough to have to a
voice if you have opposing views.voice if you have opposing views. Many of the UN Security Council/ Permanent Many of the UN Security Council/ Permanent
Members are not democratic, tough to enforce Members are not democratic, tough to enforce democracy when two of the countries are not.democracy when two of the countries are not.
Member nations owe billions of dollars to UN. Cost Member nations owe billions of dollars to UN. Cost a lot of money to join, money go towards a lot of money to join, money go towards missions and paying for employees.missions and paying for employees.
Many peacekeeping missions cannot be effective Many peacekeeping missions cannot be effective because they are NEUTRALbecause they are NEUTRAL
Tough to make executive order because countries Tough to make executive order because countries federal governments could go against the orders. federal governments could go against the orders.
UN International Impact UN International Impact
United KingdomUnited Kingdom Permanent Security Permanent Security
Council member Council member Has United Nations Has United Nations
Association of the UK; Association of the UK; meant to educate meant to educate citizens about UN citizens about UN CharterCharter
Typically vote to get Typically vote to get involved in foreign involved in foreign issuesissues-US and UK send the -US and UK send the most peacekeepers most peacekeepers out of all in the out of all in the Security CouncilSecurity Council Talking like the UK Talking like the UK
is still an empire to fearis still an empire to fear
ChinaChina
PermanentPermanent Security Council Security Council Member, original memberMember, original member
Usually doesn’t want to get Usually doesn’t want to get involved in other countries, involved in other countries, abstains from resolutions abstains from resolutions not concerning china not concerning china
Recently vetoed decision Recently vetoed decision to call for Syrian president to call for Syrian president to step downto step down
Hu Jintao giving a Hu Jintao giving a legitimate reason why legitimate reason why Assad should stay President Assad should stay President
RussiaRussia
The band is having a The band is having a
reunion tour. MUST SEEreunion tour. MUST SEE
Permanent Security Permanent Security Council member, Council member, original memberoriginal member
Very supportive of UN Very supportive of UN involvement in Africainvolvement in Africa
Active in Middle East Active in Middle East peace resolutionpeace resolution
Against Iraq war and Against Iraq war and vetoed for Syrian vetoed for Syrian President, Assad, to President, Assad, to step downstep down
IranIran UN has placed 6 sanctions UN has placed 6 sanctions
banning nuclear exports to banning nuclear exports to IranIran
Member since 1945Member since 1945 Supported UN resolution Supported UN resolution
on Syriaon Syria Has accused UN of being Has accused UN of being
too pro west and anti Iran, too pro west and anti Iran, calling it “politicized” calling it “politicized”
Ahmadinejad at General Ahmadinejad at General Assembly meetings has Assembly meetings has been controversial , been controversial , causing diplomats to walk causing diplomats to walk out during his speeches, out during his speeches, calling 9/11 “mysterious”. calling 9/11 “mysterious”. Also said NATO sanctions Also said NATO sanctions drug traffickingdrug trafficking
The speech Ahmadinejad just The speech Ahmadinejad just made is too accurate for made is too accurate for them to handle. Those sillythem to handle. Those sillyWesternersWesterners
MexicoMexico
The master of articulatingThe master of articulatinghis points: Presidente Felipehis points: Presidente FelipeCalderonCalderon
Member since 1945Member since 1945 One of the largest One of the largest
contributors to UNcontributors to UN Become more active in Become more active in
peacekeeping missionspeacekeeping missions Part of “Uniting for Part of “Uniting for
Consensus” or better Consensus” or better known as “Coffee Club”, known as “Coffee Club”, which opposes the which opposes the expansion of the Security expansion of the Security Council and expand the Council and expand the non permanent seats non permanent seats insteadinstead
NigeriaNigeria
Member since 1960Member since 1960 UN building in UN building in
Abuja bombed, Abuja bombed, Boko Haram Boko Haram claimed claimed responsibilityresponsibility
UN formally asked UN formally asked Nigeria to work Nigeria to work harder in fighting harder in fighting corruption in order corruption in order for them to for them to developdevelop
How can their be a conflict inHow can their be a conflict inNigeria with a President with thatNigeria with a President with thatmuch hat swag?much hat swag?
Syria and Rwanda actually wish that.Syria and Rwanda actually wish that.
Along with many other nations that you’ve Along with many other nations that you’ve
brought “peace” to!brought “peace” to!
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