Warm-Up / EOC Prep1. Which nutrient would be most helpful for an athlete immediately before an event? a. Carbohydrate b. lipidc. Protein d. nucleic acids

2. If a disease results in the thickening of the plasma membrane, what function would be most directly affected?a. intake of water b. production of proteins

c. production of ATP d. storage of lipids

AgendaWarm-upMitosis NotesPMAT Hand SignalsCC & Mit WSMit FlashcardsClean-upCool-down

Quick review:1- As a cell grows, does its surface area or volume grow quicker?

2- Why don’t cells just grow larger?

3- What lies inside the nucleus?

NC State Standard 3.02

In eukaryotic cells, the genetics information that is passed on from one generation to the next is carried by chromosomes.

Cell CycleChromosomes are made up of DNA(genetic material) wrapped in proteins and they are found in the nucleus.

Chromosomes are not visible in most cells except during cell division. Before cell division occurs, each chromosome is replicated or copied.

Because of this, each chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids.

These chromatids are joined in the middle by the centromere. When the cell divides, each of the “sister” chromatids separate from each other and one chromatid goes to each of the two new cells.

Mitosis is the process during cell division in which the nucleus of a cell is divided into two nuclei.

At the end of mitosis each nucleus has the same number of chromosomes as the original cell

The products of mitosis are 2 identical daughter cells that are equal in size, have identical copies of chromosomes, and half the cytoplasm and organelles. For example, if a skin in frogs has 20 chromosomes and it undergoes mitosis, both daughter cells will have 20 chromosomes.

In mitosis, spindles form out of centrioles and microtubules. These spindles grab the chromosomes and pull them apart.

Mitosis has four steps and it is followed by cytokinesis (division of cytoplasm)

Mitosis

Mitosis1. Prophase-chromosomes become visible and the spindle forms

Mitosis

2. Metaphase-chromosomes move to the center of the cell and line up along the equator

Mitosis3. Anaphase-centromeres divide and the two chromatids move to opposite poles attached to spindle fibers

Mitosis4. Telophase-nuclear envelope forms around the chromosomes at each pole, the chromosomes uncoil, and the spindle dissolves

Mitosis

MitosisMitosis in plants and animals is slightly different. For example, in animal cells the cytoplasm is pinched and separated during cytokinesis and in plants a cell plate forms to separate the cytoplasm.

Mitosis

Mitosis

Mitosis

Mitosis

Mitosis

Mitosis-frog cell

Mitosis

Mitosis

ReviewWhat are the four stages of mitosis in order?

ReviewProphase-Metaphase-Anaphase-Telophase

ReviewThe division of the cytoplasm is called…

Reviewcytokinesis

ReviewWhat stage of mitosis is this?

ReviewAnaphase

In which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes become visible?

prophase

How is cytokinesis different in plant and animal cells?

Plants form a cell plate, animal cells pinch apart

PMAT Hand SignalsP- plumpM- middleA- apartT- two

Mitosis FlashcardsMake 4 flashcards (using the little white cards)

One on side- draw a diagram of each of the 4 phases of mitosis

On the other side- include a description of what goes on and the name of each phase

Cool-Down1- How is mitosis related to cell division?2- How is mitosis organized (4 stages)?3- What are chromosomes and what do they do during cell division?4- How is cytokinesis different in plants and animals?