Post on 22-Feb-2016
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Warm-up Update your Table of Contents Write your homework – have it
stamped Get your “Fungi Assignment”
out to be checked
Date Session#
Activity Page#
3/5 8 Pathogen Notes 13
Pathogen Foldable 14
Homework Research any disease and find out
the following: What type of pathogen it is caused byWhat the symptoms areHow can it be treatedAny other info about it/picture
Find out what you have received vaccinations for
Pathogens Cause Disease We will focus on 4 Types of
Pathogens:FungiBacteriaVirusesParasites
Fungi Fact ReviewWhat would you ask about Fungi on a quiz?
ERT = Everybody Reads To…
1) We will read one paragraph at a time
2) Discuss the answers to the questions
3) Then take notes in the box
PARAGRAPH 1 ERT
PathogensPathogen - Anything that can
cause disease or harmAlso referred to as microbes or germsVirus, Bacteria & Parasites are the 3
main types of diseasespreading pathogens
Types of Diseases• Non-communicable:
– Cannot be passed from person to person– Can be due to genetics, lifestyle choices,
or environmental factors– EX: Cancer, ALS, Alzheimer’s, Arthritis, Heart
Disease, Diabetes• Communicable (Infectious or Contagious):
– Caused by a Microbe entering body and reproducing – Bacteria, Virus, Parasite
– Easily spread between individual organisms– EX:Cold, Flu, Strep Throat
PARAGRAPH 2 ERT
Virus NOT LIVING – Needs a host to
survive and reproduce
Since it is not alive, it has NO CELLS
Very small
Vaccines used to treat
How a Virus Attacks a Cell… http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=Rpj0emEGShQ
PARAGRAPH 3 ERT
Bacteria Living organisms
Unicellular, prokaryotic
Larger than viruses, but usually more treatable
Antibiotics used to treat
Fun Fact:Clean skin has about 20 million bacteria per square inch…
PARAGRAPH 4 ERT
Parasites Living organisms that need a host
to survive – highly adapted to their host
Unicellular or multicellular
Come in many shapes and sizes
Maggots in My Headhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V2Ac6RYSvo8
Tapeworm in My Eyehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVbrXbmPHpo
Pathogen Foldable Quickly create a foldable that contains
quick reference information for each type of pathogen
USE YOUR PATHOGENS FOLDABLE TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING ON PAGE 14:
How are viruses and bacteria different?
How are parasites and viruses similar?
Which type of pathogen would you consider most serious and why?
Warm-up Update your Table of Contents Write your homework – have it stamped Tape your disease research to the wall around
the room – MAKE SURE YOUR NAME IS ON IT! Make sure you have answered the questions on
page 14 using your pathogens foldable from last classDate Session
#Activity Page
# 3/7 9 Spread of Disease Note Guide 15
What Was A Pathogen Again…?
Pathogens are anything that cause disease…they are also referred to as microbes and germs
What Were the 4 Pathogens We Are Focusing On Again…?
FungiBacteriaVirusesParasites
Throw Up…I Mean Warm Up
Turn to page 14 and make sure your have answered the following using your pathogens foldable:
How are viruses and bacteria different?
How are parasites and viruses similar?
Which type of pathogen would you consider most serious and why?
Pathogen Gallery WalkWhich disease did you
research?Tape your research up around
the room so we can review all of the diseases that were researched!
What vaccinations have you received?
Who Figures All of This Out?
An Epidemiologist is a scientist who studies diseases including how they start, spread and how they are treated.
Spreading Disease…
How does it happen…LET’S INVESTIGATE!?
Finding Patient Zero Each person will receive a test tube
and a syringe You will carefully go around the
room and trade fluids with 2 other people using the syringe
Remember who you trade with and in what order
When completed, sit down and write down who you traded with first and second
Contagions Many pathogens are also said to
be contagions
Contagions – capable of being spread by direct or indirect contact (in other words…contagious)
Contagion Clip http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z
7yL5DFbK5A
Features Kate Winslet as an epidemiologist trying to trace back to “patient zero”
How Do Pathogens Cause Harm?
They can change what your cells do Especially viruses and even chemicals
Mutagen – something that actually changes or “mutates” the genetic material of an organism
How do pathogens spread? 4 main ways that pathogens
are transferred:Person to personFood and waterEnvironmentAnimals
People to People… Carrier – a person who is
infected and can infect others but may not show the symptoms of the disease themselves
Types of Carriers1. Symptomatic:
– they show symptoms of the disease; they are SICK
– they are actively spreading disease particles to others while they are sick
– May be coughing, sneezing, have runny nose– EX: Influenza, Chicken Pox, Common Cold
2. Asymptomatic:– Does not appear to be sick– Can still actively spread disease to others– EX: HIV
Food and Water Contaminated food and water can
spread pathogens, below are a few examples:
= - Infected animals - Food or water that comes from
unsanitary areas or isn’t cleaned
- Eating raw or undercooked food
Environments Moist
A lot like water Average temperatures
Not too hot or too cold Limited exposure to fresh air
More ability to reproduce Sunlight
Good for some, bad for others Food sources
Sugars or decaying material
Animals Vector – Insects and animals
that spread disease to humans
• EXAMPLES:– Fleas – transmit bubonic plague– Ticks – transmit Lyme disease– Mosquitoes – transmit Malaria
Medicine Antibiotics – Medicine that
prevents the growth and reproduction of bacteria
Vaccines – A weak dose of a virus that helps your immune system kill the real virus later
Preventing the Spread… Eat right, get enough rest, avoid stress Antibacterial soaps and antimicrobial
solutions (don’t overuse) Antibiotics (don’t overuse) Get vaccinated Covering our mouths when we cough or
sneeze Avoid unnecessary contact with people,
animals or objects that could be contaminated!
Keep studying diseases and how they adapt and change!
Questions??
Warning…Outbreak! Create a warning poster, warning sign, comic,
commercial jingle or brochure or any other format you can think of warning your neighborhood about a possible disease outbreak!
Things to include: Name: disease (real or fictional) Mugshot: picture Description of suspect: virus, bacteria, parasite? Crimes: how does it attack? how does it spread?
symptoms? common victims? How can you prevent being infected? Reward???Must be informational, but can also be silly!!
Examples
Warm-up Update your Table of Contents Write your homework – have it
stamped Put your Warning…Outbreak!
assignment in the basket Grab your folder to file your Cell QuizDate Session
#Activity Page
# 3/11 10 Mapping Death (tape in AFTER it is returned
with a grade)16
Recap
Antibiotics treat what type of pathogen? Vaccines?
Why do we not want to overuse antibiotics, antibacterial cleaners or antimicrobial solutions?
Describe the job of an epidemiologist. Why do you think that diseases that are
no longer an issue in the United States are still a problem in other parts of the world?
Recap
People that are infected with a disease are called something different than animals infected with a disease…
What is the difference between a contagion and mutagen and how do they relate to communicable vs. non-communicable diseases
Why is it important to know where the people you associate with have been and who they have been in contact with?
Mythbusters: Flu Fiction How Easily Can Pathogens
Really Spread?
The Rate of Spread… How quickly a disease spreads,
and size of the area it spreads to are key factors in the study of epidemiology…
Outbreak - The Cholera Story
Cholera Background Cholera is a disease that is spread by
bacteria in water or through person-to-person contact. The onset of cholera can appear with little or no warning, and include symptoms such as diarrhea, acute spasmodic vomiting and painful cramping. The victim can lose up to 5 gallons of liquid within 24 hours consequently causing severe dehydration accompanied by cyanosis, a condition in which the skin turns blue, skin also begins to pucker and become cold…death may occur in as little as a few hours.
The Cholera Story Imagine yourself in London, the year is
1849…what would your life be like?
Suddenly, people in your neighborhood begin to get sick and die very quickly. You hear your parents whispering that this isn’t the first time they have seen this type of sickness…it happened before in 1832 and nobody really knew what to do. This time however, a doctor, John Snow, comes with a new idea…
The Cholera Story He thought that if he checked the
city’s death records and mapped out exactly where people were living when they died, he might find some clues as to what was causing the disease and therefore how to stop it from spreading any further.
The Cholera Story – Mapping Death
With this idea came the birth of early epidemiology…you are now going to take on the role of John Snow and map death to find out how you can stop the spread!!
When you are done, put your completed map and analysis in the basket!
Warm-Up Update your Table of Contents/Notebook – tape
your Mapping Death assignment on page 16 If you have a phone or iPad, download the free
Scan app IF YOU ARE ALLOWED Draw a T-chart on page 17 – title it Epidemic vs.
PandemicDate Session
#Activity Page
# 3/13 11 Epidemic vs. Pandemic T-Chart 17
Influenza of 1918 (turn in for a grade and tape in when it is returned)
18
Epidemic vs. Pandemic
Back to Cholera…
Was the cholera outbreak in London an epidemic or pandemic…why?
What were your observations/hypotheses surrounding this outbreak?
Back to Cholera… What is miasma? Do you think it is easier for an
epidemic or pandemic to occur now, or in the past
What did we gain from this outbreak, even if we didn’t realize it at the time?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pq32LB8j2K8
Influenza 1918 Use the scan codes to work your
way through the Influenza Pandemic of 1918!
Put your “Influenza of 1918” in the basket when you are done!
Homework BYOT next class
Come with an idea of an epidemic or pandemic you would like to research
Warm-Up Update your Table of Contents/Notebook Write your homework Make a list of things that would be
important to know about an epidemic or pandemic on page 18:
Date Session#
Activity Page#
3/15 12 Influenza of 1918 18
What Would Be Important to Know About an Epidemic or Pandemic?
So, do we know these things about the Influenza Pandemic of 1918?
Get your Influenza of 1918 Webquest activity, and then take 10 minutes to find the answers to the items on our list…
Project Outbreak A disease is considered an outbreak when it
occurs in greater numbers than expected in a community or region, or during a season. An outbreak may occur in one community or even extend to several countries. It can last from days to years. Sometimes a single case of a contagious disease is considered an outbreak. This may be true if it is an unknown disease, is new to a community, or has been absent from a population for a long time. An outbreak can be categorized as an epidemic or pandemic…what areas are most likely to have an epidemic or pandemic?
Project Outbreak “The single biggest threat to man’s
continued dominance on the planet is the virus” – Joshua Lederberg, Ph.D
How a Virus Changes the World…http://www.takepart.com/sites/default/
files/contagion/index.html#&slider1=1
Other Sources
http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/completelist/0,29569,2027479,00.html
http://www.epicdisasters.com/index.php/site/comments/the_worst_outbreaks_of_disease/