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BusinessObjects Voyager User's
Guide
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ContentsIntroduction to BusinessObjects Voyager 13Chapter 1
About this guide.........................................................................................14
What is BusinessObjects Voyager?.....................................................14
Who should read this guide?................................................................17
Understanding OLAP 19Chapter 2
OLAP Overview.........................................................................................20
Multi-dimensional data cubes....................................................................21
Hierarchical data........................................................................................22
Getting Started with BusinessObjects Voyager 25Chapter 3
Opening a workspace and analyzing data.................................................26
Some essential terminology.......................................................................26
Create a Voyager workspace....................................................................30
Define a query...........................................................................................32
Add charts and more crosstabs.................................................................32
Adding a chart to the page...................................................................32
Adding another crosstab to the page...................................................35
Using Queries to Analyze Cube Data 39Chapter 4
Creating and defining queries to answer your business questions...........40
Defining queries.........................................................................................40
Modifying queries.......................................................................................45Adding queries...........................................................................................48
Creating complex queries by nesting dimensions.....................................49
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Linking a component to a different query...................................................51
Deleting queries.........................................................................................52
Queries and visual components explained................................................52
Using Charts to Visualize Data 55Chapter 5
Overview of Voyager charts.......................................................................56
Chart types................................................................................................57
Cluster bar charts.................................................................................58
Stacked bar charts...............................................................................59
Percent stacked bar charts...................................................................60
3D bar charts........................................................................................61Multi-series line charts..........................................................................62
Multi-series pie charts..........................................................................63
Adding a chart to the analysis window......................................................63
Changing chart types...........................................................................66
Adding data to a chart................................................................................66
Defining a query using an empty chart component..............................67
Modifying a query in a chart.................................................................67
Scrolling through large data sets in charts................................................68
Customizing charts....................................................................................69
Chart name and comments..................................................................70
Chart color palettes..............................................................................71
Chart styles..........................................................................................71
Display font...........................................................................................72
Suppressing null values in charts.........................................................72
Displaying parent members..................................................................72
Displaying visual totals.........................................................................73
Hiding the chart dimension panel.........................................................73Displaying hierarchical chart labels......................................................74
Hiding the chart legend........................................................................74
Chart axis labels...................................................................................74
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Selecting Members to Display in Crosstabs and Charts 77Chapter 6
Overview of member selection..................................................................78
Selecting individual members from a list of all members...........................80
Selecting members by searching..............................................................81
Selecting all members at a particular level in the dimension.....................83
Selecting parent, child, or sibling members...............................................84
Changing the displayed measures............................................................85
Hiding members from view........................................................................85
Setting the slice member...........................................................................86
Deselecting members................................................................................87Showing only selected members in the Member Selector.........................88
Displaying member names and captions...................................................89
Displaying the parent names of all members............................................89
Sorting, Filtering, and Ranking Data 91Chapter 7
Sorting data columns or rows....................................................................92
Sorting within hierarchies.....................................................................95
Removing a sort...................................................................................96Automatically removed sorts................................................................97
Filtering the data in crosstabs and charts..................................................97
Adding a second filter...........................................................................99
Removing a filter..................................................................................99
Automatically removed filters.............................................................100
Ranking the data in the crosstab.............................................................100
Adding a second rank.........................................................................102
Removing a rank................................................................................102
Automatically removed ranks.............................................................103
Displaying sorts, filters, and ranks applied to the query..........................103
Hidden sorts, filters, and ranks................................................................103
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Combining a filter and rank......................................................................104
Combining a sort and filter.......................................................................104
Combining a sort and rank......................................................................104
Excluding null values...............................................................................104
Highlighting Exceptions in Data 107Chapter 8
Overview of exception highlighting..........................................................108
Applying exception highlighting...............................................................109
Removing exception highlighting.............................................................114
Defining Calculations 115Chapter 9
Overview of calculations..........................................................................116
Visual totals.............................................................................................116
To add the default totals.....................................................................118
To add commonly used visual totals (Aggregate, Sum, Average, and
Count).................................................................................................119
To add other visual totals....................................................................119
Changing to a different visual total.....................................................120
Removing visual totals.......................................................................120
Visual totals on filtered data...............................................................121
Visual totals on axes with nested dimensions....................................121
Visual totals on charts........................................................................122
Basic calculations....................................................................................122
Adding a basic calculation..................................................................123
Custom calculations.................................................................................124
Adding a custom calculation...............................................................127
Mathematical operations....................................................................129
Time-based operations.......................................................................133Rank calculation.................................................................................136
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Exploring Different Views of Your Data 139Chapter 10
Swapping dimensions..............................................................................140
Swapping dimensions containing sorts, filters, and ranks..................141
Removing dimensions.............................................................................141
Nesting dimensions.................................................................................142
Changing the order of nested dimensions.........................................143
Changing the slice of data.......................................................................143
Drilling down and drilling up.....................................................................144
Drilling through to underlying relational data...........................................148
The relational table viewer.................................................................149Exporting drill-through data................................................................149
Copying a component to compare variations in data..............................150
Resizing and moving components...........................................................151
Formatting Crosstab Data 153Chapter 11
Formatting data in the crosstab...............................................................154
Resizing columns.....................................................................................156
Resizing rows..........................................................................................156
Using Pages in the Workspace 159Chapter 12
Working with pages in the workspace.....................................................160
Inserting and deleting pages...................................................................160
Modifying page captions..........................................................................161
Navigating to a page in the workspace....................................................162
Saving and Sharing Voyager Workspaces 163Chapter 13
Saving Voyager workspaces...................................................................164
Automatically saved workspaces.......................................................166
Saving Voyager workspaces for sharing with others..........................167
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Sending a Voyager workspace to another user.......................................168
Sending a Voyager workspace to another BusinessObjects Enterprise
user....................................................................................................168
Sending a Voyager workspace to an email recipient.........................170
Opening an existing Voyager workspace................................................170
Using openDocument to share workspaces............................................171
Exporting Data to Microsoft Excel or Comma-Separated-Values (.csv)
Files 173
Chapter 14
Exporting data from Voyager to Excel.....................................................174
Exporting data from Voyager to comma-separated-values (.csv) files.....175
Printing 177Chapter 15
Printing Voyager workspaces..................................................................178
Print raw data...........................................................................................179
Print a crosstab as it appears on the screen...........................................180
Print a chart as it appears on the screen.................................................181
Print options.............................................................................................182
Using Voyager with Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Analysis Services 185Chapter 16
Overview of Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Analysis Services....................186
Using Analysis Services 2005 hierarchies in Voyager.............................188
Using Voyager with SAP 189Chapter 17
Logging on to SAP...................................................................................190
Member Selector with SAP data........................................................191
Using variables........................................................................................191
Mandatory and optional variables......................................................192
Variable types.....................................................................................195
More about variables..........................................................................199
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Free characteristics.................................................................................201
Key figures and formatted values............................................................201
Formatting with no key figures...........................................................201
Display attributes.....................................................................................202
Compounded characteristics...................................................................202
Mutually exclusive hierarchies.................................................................203
Unbalanced and ragged hierarchies........................................................203
Using Voyager with Oracle Hyperion Essbase Data Sources 205Chapter 18
Overview of Oracle Hyperion Essbase features support in Voyager.......206
Attribute dimensions................................................................................207Using attribute dimensions to filter data.............................................208
Attribute Calculations dimension........................................................210
Dynamic Time Series...............................................................................212
Creating a calculation that returns a period-to-date value.................212
Alias tables..............................................................................................213
Setting the active alias table...............................................................214
Searching for members by their aliases.............................................215
User Interface Reference 217Chapter 19
Workspace reference...............................................................................218
Analysis window reference......................................................................219
Tab panel reference.................................................................................220
Data tab..............................................................................................220
Structure tab.......................................................................................229
Properties tab.....................................................................................231
Toolbar reference.....................................................................................233
Toolbar overview................................................................................234
View tab panel button.........................................................................235
Save button........................................................................................235
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Export button......................................................................................236
Print button.........................................................................................236
Copy button........................................................................................237
Paste button.......................................................................................237
Delete button......................................................................................238
Calculation button...............................................................................238
Sort button..........................................................................................239
Rank button........................................................................................241
Filter button........................................................................................241
Exception Highlighting button.............................................................242
Measure Formatting button................................................................242Display Member Settings button........................................................243
Swap Axis button................................................................................243
Visual Totals button............................................................................243
Insert Crosstab button........................................................................244
Chart buttons......................................................................................244
Help button.........................................................................................246
Crosstab component reference...............................................................246
Understanding the crosstab...............................................................247
Crosstab title bar................................................................................250
Crosstab dimension panel..................................................................250
Crosstab grid......................................................................................252
Crosstab buttons................................................................................255
Crosstab display options....................................................................256
Crosstab tooltips.................................................................................259
Chart component reference.....................................................................260
Chart dimension panel.......................................................................261
Chart range slider...............................................................................264
Chart title bar......................................................................................266
Chart graphic......................................................................................266
Chart types.........................................................................................268
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Chart display options..........................................................................272
Member Selector reference.....................................................................278
Member Selector member tree...........................................................279
Member Selector toolbar....................................................................280
Rank Editor dialog box.............................................................................285
Filter Editor dialog box.............................................................................286
Set Variables dialog box (SAP only)........................................................287
Connecting to OLAP data sources 289Chapter 20
OLAP data connections...........................................................................290
Adding an OLAP cube connection to a workspace.................................291Viewing OLAP data in the workspace................................................291
Changing to a different OLAP cube connection......................................292
Removing an OLAP cube connection from a workspace........................293
Re-establishing a disabled connection....................................................294
Get More Help 297Appendix A
Index 301
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Introduction toBusinessObjects Voyager
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What is BusinessObjects Voyager?on page 14
Who should read this guide?on page 17
Access our product documentation online at: http://support.businessob
jects.com/documentation
About this guide
This guide describes how to analyze your business data in BusinessObjects
Voyager. It is intended for business analysts.
This guide provides you with information and procedures for the following
tasks:
Analyzing OLAP data.
Using BusinessObjects Enterprise to save your Voyager workspaces for
other members of your organization to view over the Web.
Printing and exporting your workspaces.
What is BusinessObjects Voyager?
Voyager is a powerful, web-based OLAP analysis tool that can help you to
gain insight into business data and make intelligent decisions that impact
corporate performance.
OLAP data is displayed in the Voyager analysis window with crosstabs and
charts. You create a workspace, add crosstab and chart objects to the
analysis window, connect those objects to OLAP data sources, and then
interactively define queries to explore your data.
Voyager is intuitive and easy to use, while providing unique analysis
capabilities, including the ability to simultaneously view data from different
cubes and providers. For example, you can view sales data from a Microsoft
Analysis Services cube on the same page as finance data from an Oracle
Hyperion Essbase cube.
Voyager is accessed from BusinessObjects InfoView in a web browser. All
you need is a connection to a BusinessObjects Enterprise system that has
Voyager installed. You do not need to install Voyager on your local machine.
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The Voyager web application is available only as a Java web application.
There is no corresponding Voyager application for .NET.
For a list of the supported data sources, please see the Voyager
Administrator's Guide.
Note: SAP BW connectivity is available as a separate add-on to Voyager.
Please contact Business Objects for further details.
This is a typical Voyager page, containing a crosstab and a chart:
The crosstab and chart are connected to the cube they represent. With the
controls on the crosstab, users can reorient the crosstab, swap dimensions,
and "slice and dice" the data to get answers to business problems.
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Voyager integration with BusinessObjects Enterprise
Voyager works within the InfoView portal of BusinessObjects Enterprise, andVoyager workspaces can be managed from within the BusinessObjects
Enterprise Central Management Console.
Anyone with web access and the appropriate permissions in
BusinessObjects Enterprise can access Voyager.
Voyager workspaces can be published to the Web with BusinessObjects
Enterprise.
Publishing Voyager workspaces to the Web
BusinessObjects Enterprise has a multi-tier server architecture that enablesyou to distribute Voyager workspaces to a large number of users, across
and beyond your organization, over the Web.
By publishing workspaces to the Web, you make your analyses accessible
to everyone in your organization.
About the documentation set
The documentation set for Voyager comprises these guides and online help
products:
Voyager Administrator's Guide
This guide contains detailed information that is useful to a system
administrator when installing, configuring, and administering Voyager.
Voyager User's Guide
This guide contains the conceptual information, procedures, and reference
material required to use Voyager.
Voyager Online Help
The online help contains the same information as the User's Guide. It is
available from various Help buttons in the Voyager interface, including the
application toolbar.
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Getting started
To get started working with Voyager workspaces and analyzing data, seeOpening a workspace and analyzing data on page 26.
Who should read this guide?
The Voyager documentation system is tailored to the specific needs of the
user. This User's Guide is intended for data analysts who will use Voyager
to work with OLAP data.
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Understanding OLAP
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Voyager is a tool for viewing and analyzing business data, specifically OLAP
(Online Analytical Processing) data. This section explains OLAP.
OLAP OverviewRelational databases store data as individual records. Each record may
contain a number of fields, but all these fields relate to just one record. For
example, a Product record might have a number of fields containing
information about that Product, such as sales transactions to different
customers in different regions.
Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) applications are used to query this
information and keep it up to date. OLTP is designed to enable a large
number of users to update and retrieve comparatively small numbers ofindividual records quickly.
Although relational databases hold data in a one-dimensional formatone
record at a timebusiness problems are usually multi-dimensional. A typical
requirement would be to analyze Sales by Product by Region, for example.
If this were to give a clear picture of the business, it would involve
summarizing and analyzing a large number of different records. Using
traditional OLTP applications for decision support therefore involves retrieving
thousands of records and summarizing them on the fly to build database
tables. This is not what OLTP applications were designed to do, and
operations of this sort on a large database can take hours and even days ofprocessing time to complete.
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) applications are designed from the
start with online data analysis in mind. To reduce processing time to the
minimum, database data is summarized and pre-consolidated into matrix
table format. Because these tables usually have three (or more) dimensions,
they are referred to as data "cubes". If a relational database can read about
200 records a second and write 20, a good OLAP server, using row and
column arithmetic, can consolidate 20,000 to 30,000 cells (equivalent to
relational records) a second. This, the much smaller storage space OLAP
data requires, and faster access due to more efficient indexing, are the keysto OLAP reporting speed, which is two or three orders of magnitude faster
than relational technology.
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Multi-dimensional data cubes
To understand multi-dimensional data, first think of a spreadsheet showing
how different products are selling in different markets:
This spreadsheet shows sales for each Product within each Region. This
data has two dimensions: Product (shown in the rows), and Region (shown
in the columns). Also, each dimension comprises several members; in this
example, members of the Region dimension include USA, Canada, and the
UK.
A spreadsheet like this is of limited use as it only shows sales performance
at one point in time. To track performance for different Time periods, business
analysts would need to stack up several spreadsheets, one for each time
period, like this:
Together, these spreadsheets show a third dimension, Time, to add to the
first two (Product and Region).
Another way of representing these stacked-up data cells is in the form of a
cube:
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We call this the "data cube".
The data cube allows analysts to slice data in different ways in order to get
answers to different business questions, such as:
How are our products selling in each region (view Product by Region,
as before)?
How do our products sell at different times of the year in each market
(Product by Region by Time)?
How do our products sell at different times of the year (view Product by
Time)?
This example has only three dimensions. OLAP applications can handle
many more than three.
A fourth dimension might allow analysts to slice up the data by Customer,
for example.
This is harder to picture than three dimensions, but it works in the same way;
with another dimension, there are more possible ways of slicing the cube,
to provide answers to questions such as 'Which UK customer buys the most
(or least) of a certain product at Christmas?'
Hierarchical dataOLAP also allows analysts to organize each one of the data dimensions into
a hierarchy of sub-groups and totals to reflect the organization of their
business.
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For example, the staff of a toy shop might want to store figures for groups
of products and all products, as well as for individual products, like this:
OLAP allows analysts to view data forAll Toys at the top level, then drill-down
to lower and lower levels of detail, so that they can discover the precisesource of a particular performance variation in their data.
By allowing analysts to use several dimensions in their data cube, with the
possibility of a hierarchy in each dimension, OLAP reflects the way they
picture their business, and is not constrained by the structure of information
storage.
Through OLAP, analysts can gain a better understanding of their business
by viewing, comparing and working with information in ways simply not
possible before.
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Getting Started withBusinessObjects Voyager
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This section shows you how to create a Voyager workspace and begin
working with your data.
Opening a workspace and analyzing dataTo begin using Voyager to work with your OLAP data, you will need to do
the following:
Create a Voyager workspace on page 30
Define a queryon page 32
Add charts and more crosstabs on page 32
Or, if you want to open an existing workspace, see Opening an existing
Voyager workspace on page 170.
You may also want to read a few brief definitions of some terms that are
used throughout this guide.
Some essential terminologyon page 26
Some essential terminology
Before you read any further in the documentation, it would be useful to
understand some basic OLAP and Voyager terminology. See UnderstandingOLAPon page 19 for an overview of generic OLAP concepts and terminology.
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1. Application toolbar
2. Tab panel
3. Metadata explorer
4. Analysis window
Voyager terms
A Voyager data-analysis document.workspace
The main Voyager window, containing your crosstab
and chart components.
For more information about the analysis window, see
Workspace reference on page 218.
analysis window
A two-dimensional table object that you drag into the
analysis window to begin analyzing your data.
For more information about crosstabs, see Crosstab
component reference on page 246.
crosstab component
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A bar, line, or pie chart object that you drag into the
analysis window to visualize your data.
For more information about charts, see Chart compo-
nent reference on page 260.
chart component
The panel containing the Data, Structure, and Proper-
ties tabs.
For more information about the tab panel and tabs, see
Tab panel reference on page 220.
tab panel
The area within the Data tab that displays cube dimen-
sions and members in a tree structure, indented to
show parent-child relationships.
For more information about the metadata explorer, seeData tab metadata exploreron page 224.
metadata explorer
A collection of related data members. The members
can be organized in a hierarchical structure (for exam-
ple in a Geography dimension) or a flat structure (for
example in a Measures dimension).
For more information about how dimensions model
business scenarios, and howdimensions are represent-
ed in Voyager, see Understanding OLAPon page 19
and Data tab on page 220.
dimension
A dimension that represents a characteristic of the
data and not the data itself. For example, Customers
orProducts could be fact dimensions.
fact dimension
A dimension that represents the actual data; that is,
the numbers. For example, Accounts could be a
measures dimension.
measures dimension
A base unit of data, representing an entity in a multi-
dimensional OLAP database. A member can haveparent and child members.member
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The Voyager control that you use to select members
for displaying in your crosstabs and charts.
For more information about the Member Selector, see
Member Selector reference on page 278.
Member Selector
A two-dimensional view of a multi-dimensional cube.
For example, if your data cube contains the three di-
mensions Product, Market, and Year, and you want to
analyze how your products performed in all markets in
the year 2006, you would select only 2006 data from
the Year dimension. The selected data would then be
a two-dimensional slice.
For more information aboutslices, see Multi-dimension-
al data cubes on page 21 and Queries and visual
components explainedon page 52.
slice
A specific view of data from the OLAP cube that you
want to analyze.
For more information about queries, see Queries and
visual components explainedon page 52.
query
Any of the three spatial axes on a Voyager crosstab
or chart component. For example, a Voyager crosstab
appears as a two-dimensional table, similar to an Excel
spreadsheet. The crosstab has two "view" axes, similarto Excel's vertical and horizontal axes. The two view
axes are called the row axis and column axis. In addi-
tion, by visualizing the two-dimensional object as being
a "slice" of a three-dimensional object, and allowing
the position of the slice to change, you can think of a
third axis as being perpendicular to the screen. This is
the slice axis.
Therefore, a Voyager crosstab axis is any one of those
three spatial axes.
When you define queries to analyze your data, youdrag data dimensions or members onto those axes.
axis
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A connection to an OLAP data source or "cube." Typi-
cally, cubes are located on remote servers. When you
add a connection to your workspace, the connection
provides all the information required for your workspace
to access the data in that cube.
For more information about connections, see Connect-
ing to OLAP data sources on page 289.
connection
Create a Voyager workspace
Voyager workspaces provide an intuitive interface for viewing and studying
data cubes.
A Voyager workspace is an interactive document that allows you to connect
to and analyze OLAP data. The data is visualized in crosstab and chart
components that you add to the pages in the workspace. You can add up to
four components per page, and there is no limit to the number of pages.
For more information about workspaces, see Workspace reference on
page 218.
To create a Voyager workspace
1. Start the Java version of InfoView and log on.
For information about logging on to InfoView, see the BusinessObjects
Enterprise InfoView User's Guide.
2. In InfoView, click Document List.
3. Then click New > Voyager Workspace.
A workspace is created for you, containing an empty crosstab and an
undefined query. The Choose Connection dialog box is also displayed.
Note: If your system administrator has not granted you sufficient rights,
Voyager Workspace does not appear in the New menu. For more
information about rights and access levels, see the Voyager
Administrator's Guide.
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4. Click a connection in the list, and then click OK to add it to your
workspace.
Alternatively, you can double-click the desired connection to add it to your
workspace.
Note: Voyager includes a set of sample cubes that you can use to explore
the many analysis features Voyager provides. Your system administrator
can install these sample cubes and create connections for them so that
you can add them to your workspaces. For more information, see
"Installing sample data cubes" in the BusinessObjects Voyager
Administrator's Guide.
5. If the connection requires authentication, type your credentials in the
Logon dialog box and click OK.
If authentication succeeds, the connection appears in the activeconnections list at the top of the Data tab, and the metadata explorer
displays the data objects contained in the data source.
If authentication fails, first verify that you entered your credentials correctly.
If authentication continues to fail, see your system administrator. Your
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credentials may not be set up properly in the Central Management
Console, or the OLAP server may be offline.
Related Topics
Define a queryon page 32
Add charts and more crosstabs on page 32
Define a query
Once you have added a connection, you can define a query and begin
working with your data in the analysis window. For information on queries
and how to define them, see Creating and defining queries to answer your
business questions on page 40.
After you define a basic query, you can add charts and more crosstabs, and
manipulate your data using operations such as sorting, filtering, exception
highlighting, and calculations. For more information about those and other
Voyager features, see the relevant sections of this User's Guide.
Related Topics
Create a Voyager workspace on page 30
Add charts and more crosstabs on page 32
Add charts and more crosstabs
When you create a new workspace, Voyager automatically adds an empty
crosstab component to each page and creates an undefined query linked to
each crosstab. You can add charts and more crosstabs, up to a maximum
of four components per page.
For detailed information about charts and crosstabs, see Overview of Voyager
charts on page 56, Chart component reference on page 260, and Crosstab
component reference on page 246.
Adding a chart to the page
Once you've created a workspace and defined a query on the crosstab, you
can add a chart simply by clicking a button on the application toolbar.
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To add a chart to a page
Click one of the chart buttons on the application toolbar.
The application toolbar contains buttons for adding these components to
your page:
Vertical cluster bar chart
Vertical stacked bar chart
Vertical percent stacked bar chart
Horizontal cluster bar chart
Horizontal stacked bar chart
Horizontal percent stacked bar chart
3D bar chart
Multi-series line chart
Multi-series pie chart
The chart is added to the page, below or to the right of existing
components. Existing components are resized automatically to
accommodate the added component.
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Alternatively, you can drag a chart from the application toolbar into the
analysis window, to the position you select. The drop location is highlighted
as you move the mouse cursor in the analysis window.
To enlarge the view of a component when there are multiple
components on a page, you can maximize and restore the component
using the Maximize/Restore button in the component's title bar.
Related Topics
Resizing and moving components on page 151
Linking a component to a different queryon page 51
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To delete a component from the page
1. Click the Delete button on the right side of the component's title bar.
Alternatively, you can select a component and click Delete in the
application toolbar, or press Del.
2. Click Yes in the confirmation dialog box to delete the component.
Adding another crosstab to the page
You can add a second crosstab if you want to explore a different view of
your data, or if you want to compare data from two separate data sources.
If you add a second new crosstab to the page, Voyager creates an undefined
query and links the second crosstab to it. You can then define a different
cube view with the new query. Or, you can copy the first crosstab and make
changes to the copy.
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If you add a second chart to the page, the new chart is automatically linked
to the most recent query: the second query. You can then compare two cube
views, each with a crosstab and chart, on a single page.
To enlarge the view of a component when there are multiple components
on a page, you can maximize and restore the component using the
Maximize/Restore button in the component's title bar.
Related Topics
Resizing and moving components on page 151
Copying a component to compare variations in data on page 150
Linking a component to a different queryon page 51
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To add a crosstab to a page
Click the Crosstab button on the application toolbar.
The crosstab is added to the page, below or to the right of existing
components.
Alternatively, you can drag a crosstab from the application toolbar into
the analysis window, to the position you select. The drop location is
highlighted as you move the mouse cursor in the analysis window.
Related Topics
Create a Voyager workspace on page 30
Define a queryon page 32
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Using Queries to AnalyzeCube Data
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This section introduces the concept of querying, which is the technique you'll
use in Voyager to obtain information from your data.
Creating and defining queries to answeryour business questions
To get answers to your business questions in Voyager, you define queries
and view the results of your queries in crosstabs and charts.
Defining queries on page 40
Modifying queries on page 45
Adding queries on page 48
Creating complex queries by nesting dimensions on page 49
Linking a component to a different queryon page 51
Deleting queries on page 52
Queries and visual components explainedon page 52
Defining queries
You define queries by populating a crosstab with data. Start by choosingdimensions or members to add to the crosstab's row, column, and slice axes.
Then you can expand and refine the query using the many analysis tools
that Voyager provides.
You can also define queries using a chart component if you prefer. For details,
see Adding data to a charton page 66.
For more information on using the crosstab and chart, see Queries and visual
components explainedon page 52, Crosstab component reference on page
246 and Chart component reference on page 260.
To define a new query
1. On the Data tab, locate the dimension or members that you want to add
to the first axis in your crosstab.
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For more information on the Data tab and how it displays dimensions and
members, see Data tab on page 220.
2. Click the dimension or members to select or deselect them.
Click a member to select it; click the member again to deselect it.
To select or deselect a range of members, hold down the Shift key
as you click members.
You do not need to hold down the Ctrl key to select multiple individualmembers.
3. When you have selected the dimension or members that you want to
place on the first axis, drag them from the Data tab to the appropriate
drop zone in the crosstab:
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To add the selected items to the crosstab's rows, drag them to the
"Drop Row" area.
To add the selected items to the crosstab's columns, drag them to the
"Drop Column" area.
To add the selected items to the crosstab's slice, drag them to the
"Drop Slice" area.
If you are placing members of a measures dimension onto a crosstab,you can also drag them to the cell drop zone; the main grid of the
crosstab component.
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You can also use the buttons above the metadata explorer on the Data
tab to populate your crosstab. First, select a component in the analysis
window, and then click one of these buttons to add the members to the
crosstab:
Click Add to Rows to add the selected dimension or members to
the rows on the crosstab.
Click Add to Columns to add the selected dimension or members
to the columns on the crosstab.
Click Add to Slice to add the selected dimension or members to
the slice axis.
4. Repeat step 3 for the other crosstab axes.
When you have added dimensions or members to the view axes (rows
and columns), Voyager validates your query and displays the requested
data.
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Note:
You cannot add members from the same dimension to two axes.
When you place a dimension on an axis, the dimension's default
member is automatically selected. The default member for a dimension
can be specified on the cube server, depending on your OLAP provider.
Otherwise, the default member is the first top-level member of the
dimension. If you add fact dimensions (non-measures dimensions) or members
of fact dimensions to the two view axes, leaving the slice axis empty,
Voyager automatically adds the default member of the measures
dimension to the query and populates the crosstab with data. The
selected measure is displayed in the crosstab's title bar. You can
change to a different measure by clicking the Member Selector button
on the title bar.
With SAP BW data sources, hierarchies that belong to the same
dimension are mutually exclusive. For example, consider an SAP BW
cube that contains a dimension Customerthat contains threehierarchies: Country_1, Country_2, and Country_3. Only one of
these hierarchies can be included in a single crosstab or chart query.
You cannot specify Country_1 on the row axis and Country_3 on the
slice axis in the same query.
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Related Topics
Modifying queries on page 45
Adding queries on page 48
Creating complex queries by nesting dimensions on page 49 Linking a component to a different queryon page 51
Deleting queries on page 52
Queries and visual components explained on page 52
Modifying queries
You can modify a query in several ways:
Open the Member Selector and select different members for the crosstab
or chart. For information on selecting members, see Selecting Membersto Display in Crosstabs and Charts on page 77, and Member Selector
reference on page 278.
Apply functions from the Voyager application toolbar. For information on
using the toolbar, see Toolbar reference on page 233.
Drill up or down on members. For information on drilling, see Drilling down
and drilling up on page 144.
Drag new dimensions or members from the same connection onto the
crosstab's or chart's drop zones, or drag dimensions between axes, or
drag dimensions off the component.
To modify a query by dragging new metadata ontothe crosstab or chart
1. On the Data tab, locate the dimension or members that you want to add
to the first axis in your crosstab or chart.
For more information on the Data tab and how it displays dimensions and
members, see Data tab on page 220.
2. Click the dimension or members to select or deselect them.
Click a member to select it; click the member again to deselect it.
To select or deselect a range of members, hold down the Shift key
as you click members.
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You do not need to hold down the Ctrl key to select multiple individual
members.
3. When you have selected the dimension or members that you want to
place on the first axis, drag them from the Data tab to the appropriatedrop zone in the crosstab or chart.
You can choose to replace the existing members with the selected
members, or add the selected members to the existing members.
To replace existing members in the crosstab or chart with the selected
members on the Data tab, drag the selected members to the center drop
zone; the existing dimension is highlighted. When you release the mouse
button, the selected members replace the existing members in the
crosstab or chart.
To add the selected members to existing members in the crosstab, drag
the selected members to the left or right drop zone; the left or right drop
zone is highlighted. When you release the mouse button, the selected
members are "nested" beside the existing members. This technique is
used to create complex queries. For more information, see Creating
complex queries by nesting dimensions on page 49.
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You can also use the buttons above the metadata explorer area on the
Data tab to populate your crosstab. First, select a component in the
analysis window, and then click one of these buttons to add the members
to the crosstab:
Click Add to Rows to add the selected dimension or members to
the row axis on the crosstab.
Click Add to Columns to add the selected dimension or members
to the column axis on the crosstab.
Click Add to Slice to add the selected dimension or members to
the slice axis.
4. Repeat step 3 for the other crosstab or chart axes.
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When you have added dimensions or members to the crosstab or chart
axes, Voyager validates your query and displays the requested data.
Note:
You cannot add members from the same dimension to two axes.
When you place a dimension on a row, column, or slice axis, the
dimension's default member is automatically selected. With Microsoft
Analysis Services, the dimension's default member can be set on the
OLAP server. For other OLAP providers, the default member is the
first member on the top level of the dimension.
Related Topics
Defining queries on page 40
Adding queries on page 48
Creating complex queries by nesting dimensions on page 49
Linking a component to a different queryon page 51
Deleting queries on page 52
Queries and visual components explained on page 52
Adding queries
Voyager automatically adds an empty crosstab to each new page, and creates
an undefined query for each crosstab. You define those queries by draggingdimensions and members onto crosstabs or charts.
If you want two or more different views of your data on the same page, you
can manually add multiple queries to your page with the Add Query button.
Note: Voyager also creates a new undefined query when you manually add
a new crosstab to a page.
To manually add a query to a page
On the Structure tab, click Add Query to add a query to the current
page.
The new query appears on the Structure tab, with an automatically
assigned name.
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Related Topics
Defining queries on page 40
Modifying queries on page 45
Creating complex queries by nesting dimensions on page 49 Linking a component to a different queryon page 51
Deleting queries on page 52
Queries and visual components explained on page 52
Creating complex queries by nestingdimensions
Although OLAP cubes can contain many dimensions, the Voyager crosstaband chart components have only three axes. When you want to include data
from more than three dimensions in your queries, you nest dimensions.
Nesting dimensions means placing two or more dimensions on the same
axis. For example, you may want to view data for different sizes of stores,
in different cities, against the products the stores sell. You could nest the
Stores and Cities dimensions on one axis.
To nest dimensions
1. In the metadata explorer, locate the dimension or members that you want
to nest with an existing dimension on the crosstab
For more information on the metadata explorer and how it displays
dimensions and members, see Data tab metadata exploreron page 224.
2. Click the dimension or members to select or deselect them.
Click a member to select it; click the member again to deselect it.
To select or deselect a range of members, hold down the Shift key
as you click members.
You do not need to hold down the Ctrl key to select multiple individual
members.
3. When you have selected the dimension or members that you want to
nest, drag them from the Data tab to the left or right drop zone.
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When you release the mouse button, the selected members are "nested"
with the existing members.
4. Repeat these steps to nest members on another axis.
Note:
You cannot add members from the same dimension to two axes.
When you place a dimension on a row, column, or slice axis, the
dimension's default member is automatically selected. With Microsoft
Analysis Services, the dimension's default member can be set on the
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OLAP server. For other OLAP providers, the default member is the
first member on the top level of the dimension.
Related Topics
Defining queries on page 40
Modifying queries on page 45
Adding queries on page 48
Linking a component to a different queryon page 51
Deleting queries on page 52
Queries and visual components explained on page 52
Linking a component to a different query
You can move a component from one query to another on the Structure tab.
For example, if you've defined two queries, Query 1 and Query 2, and you
have a chart linked to Query 2, you may want to move the chart to Query 1
to see the chart visualization of the data in Query 1.
To link a component to a different query
1. Click the component on the Structure tab.
2. Drag the highlighted component to a different query on the Structure tab.
Related Topics
Defining queries on page 40
Modifying queries on page 45
Adding queries on page 48
Creating complex queries by nesting dimensions on page 49
Deleting queries on page 52
Queries and visual components explained on page 52
To link a component to a new empty query
1.On the Structure tab, Click Add Query to add a new query to the
workspace.
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2. Click the component on the Structure tab.
3. Drag the highlighted component to the new query on the Structure tab.
The component will be blank because the new query is not yet defined.
Deleting queries
When you delete chart or crosstab components, queries that those
components were linked to are not automatically removed, so your workspace
may contain unused queries.
To delete a query
1. Select the query on the Structure tab.
2.Click Delete on the Structure tab toolbar.
Alternatively, you can press the DEL key.
Note: If you try to delete a query that has crosstab or chart components
linked to it, you are prompted to confirm that you want to remove the
query and any linked components.
Related Topics
Defining queries on page 40
Modifying queries on page 45
Adding queries on page 48
Creating complex queries by nesting dimensions on page 49
Linking a component to a different queryon page 51
Queries and visual components explained on page 52
Queries and visual components explained
Queries
A query defines a specific view of data from the OLAP cube that you want
to analyze. This view is often referred to as a "slice" because the view you
see is a two-dimensional "slice" of a multi-dimensional cube. For example,
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if you want to analyze data in a Sales cube, you could define a query for
Store Costs by Year.
To define a query, you specify the measures and dimensions that you want
to include in the cube view. You do this by dragging the dimensions ormembers that you want to analyze onto the crosstab or chart component. In
the preceding example, Store Costs and Year are the two dimensions that
you would use when defining this query.
Although Voyager workspaces can contain multiple pages, a query is valid
only on a single page. Therefore a query on page 1 does not affect the
contents of page 2.
It is important to understand that the query stores the structure and values
of the data but the crosstab and chart visual components display the data.
Visual components
You can display a cube view in different types of visual components: for
example a crosstab, or a horizontal bar chart.
Crosstab and chart components contain clearly identified drop zones. You
drag dimensions or members from the Data tab to these drop zones to define
a query, and Voyager displays the results of the query in the component.
A crosstab and chart belonging to the same query can be thought of as linked
because they display the same view or set of cube data. In other words, they
refer or point to the same query. If you modify the query in any way on one
visual component, the equivalent action is performed on any of the linked
components. For example, if you drill down on USA to display data for states
on the crosstab component, any linked charts also re-render to display data
for states.
When you add a new crosstab component to a page, Voyager automatically
creates a new undefined query. However, inserting a chart component doesn't
add a new query to the page. New charts are always linked to the active
query, which is the last query that was added to the page manually by you
or automatically by Voyager.
Once dimensions or members have been added to a component, the query
and visual components are fixed to the connection. You cannot drag members
from a different connection into this component.
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Related Topics
Defining queries on page 40
Modifying queries on page 45
Adding queries on page 48
Creating complex queries by nesting dimensions on page 49
Linking a component to a different queryon page 51
Deleting queries on page 52
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Using Charts to VisualizeData
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This section explains how you can present your business data by using the
different types of chart provided by BusinessObjects Voyager.
Overview of Voyager chartsYou can add charts to your Voyager workspaces to present your data
graphically. Charts can often emphasize irregularities or trends in your data,
and help you focus your business analysis on those areas.
Voyager provides several chart types to help you visualize data:
Cluster bar charts
Stacked bar charts
Percent stacked bar charts
3D bar charts
Multi-series line charts
Multi-series pie charts
Chart and crosstab components are linked to queries. Therefore, if a chart
and a crosstab are linked to the same query, both components display the
same data, and both components update simultaneously whenever you make
changes to either component. This interaction allows you to repeatedly define
and refine your queries, and see the graphical results of your changes in
real time.
You can also unlink, or disconnect, a chart component from its current query,
and link it to a different query or to a new query.
Charts can be easily customized. You can change the chart type, or change
the appearance of the chart to increase clarity. You can also drill down on
data in the chart to examine the data in more detail.
This section describes each of the chart types, how to add a chart to a page,
how to add data to a chart, and how to customize a chart's appearance.
Click one of these links to learn more about a particular chart type:
Cluster bar charts on page 58
Stacked bar charts on page 59
Percent stacked bar charts on page 60
3D bar charts on page 61
Multi-series line charts on page 62
Multi-series pie charts on page 63
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Related Topics
Chart types on page 57
Adding a chart to the analysis windowon page 63
Adding data to a charton page 66
Scrolling through large data sets in charts on page 68
Customizing charts on page 69
Linking a component to a different queryon page 51
Chart types
Voyager provides a variety of chart types to help you visualize your data.
Related Topics Adding a chart to the analysis windowon page 63
Adding data to a charton page 66
Scrolling through large data sets in charts on page 68
Customizing charts on page 69
Chart component reference on page 260
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Cluster bar charts
Cluster bar charts show values compared across categories, or over time;
for example, sales for each region by month. Several values (a "cluster") are
shown grouped together in each category or time period.
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Voyager provides both horizontal bar and vertical bar chart types.
Stacked bar charts
Stacked bar charts show how related sets of values compare to each other
and contribute to a total. For example, if you create a bar chart that illustrates
sales per product, you can use a stacked bar chart to show data from several
years, one year on top of another.
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Voyager provides both horizontal and vertical stacked bar chart types.
Percent stacked bar charts
Percent stacked bar charts show visually what percentage a member
contributes to a total. Percent stacked bar charts are similar to stacked bar
charts except that all bars are the same length and represent 100% of a
total. The size of each segment of a percent stacked bar represents the
percentage that a member contributes to the total.
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Voyager provides both horizontal and vertical percent stacked bar chart
types.
3D bar charts
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3D bar charts are used to compare data visually in three dimensions.
Typically, a 3D chart would show a series of data across categories and over
time.
Multi-series line charts
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Line charts are used to show trends in data over time or categories. Each
line in the chart represents a data series. Markers are shown at each point
in the line where a data value exists.
Multi-series pie charts
Pie charts display the sizes of items that compose a data series, proportional
to the sum of the items. A pie chart is used to show the relative contributions
of values, and is useful when you want to emphasize a significant element
in the data. Each pie in a multi-series pie chart represents a category; each
pie slice represents a data series.
Adding a chart to the analysis window
Visual components, such as a crosstab or any of the chart types, are added
to the analysis window by using the application toolbar.
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To add a chart to the analysis window
Drag the desired chart component from the application toolbar to theanalysis window.
As you drag the component into the analysis window, the cursor indicates
whether or not you can place the chart component at the position of the
mouse pointer. When the mouse pointer is inside a valid drop zone, the
drop zone is highlighted.
Alternatively, you can click a chart button to insert that chart type on the
current page. The component is added to the page, below or to the right
of existing components.
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Before your chart will show any data, you must add a data connection to
the page, and add data to the chart. For more information about adding
a data connection, see Connecting to OLAP data sources on page 289.
For more information about adding data to a chart, see Adding data to acharton page 66.
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Changing chart types
You can change the chart type to any of the available types.
To change the chart type
Right-click the chart, point to Chart Type, and click the chart type you
want to switch to.
Related Topics
Chart types on page 57
Adding data to a charton page 66
Scrolling through large data sets in charts on page 68
Customizing charts on page 69
Adding data to a chart
When you add a chart to a page, the chart is linked to the most recent query
on the page (although you can use the Structure tab to move the chart to
another query). Therefore, the chart is automatically populated with data if
the query has been previously defined.For example, if a page contains only a single crosstab, and if that crosstab
has been used to define a query (data has been added to the crosstab), then
when you add a new chart to the page, the chart is populated with the same
data that is in the crosstab.
Typically, the chart's data series correspond to the crosstab's rows, and the
chart's categories correspond to the crosstab's columns. In a pie chart, each
individual pie object corresponds to a column in the crosstab, and the pie
slices represent individual row members.
If you add a chart to a new page that contains only an empty crosstab andan undefined query, you will need to define the query to add data to the chart.
For more information about creating and defining queries, see Defining
queries on page 40.
You can also use the chart component to define a query.
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Related Topics
Chart types on page 57
Adding a chart to the analysis windowon page 63
Scrolling through large data sets in charts on page 68
Customizing charts on page 69
Defining a query using an empty chart component
If you want to create a page that contains only a chart component, you can
use an empty chart component to create a query, without first having to
define the data view in a crosstab component.
Each chart component has drop zones, which represent areas you can drag
data onto from the Data tab.
To create a query using a chart component
1. Ensure the workspace has a data connection.
2. In a new page or existing page, delete all crosstab and chart components.
3. Drag a chart component into the empty analysis window.
4. In the metadata explorer, expand the list of members and select the data
you want in your chart.
5. Drag the highlighted members onto one of the drop zones in the chart
component to create a query.
If the generated query is valid, the chart displays the data returned from
the query.
For more information about creating queries by dragging members onto
a chart, see Defining queries on page 40.
Modifying a query in a chart
You can modify your query in a chart much like you would modify a query in
a crosstab. For example, you can swap dimensions using the chart
component's dimension panel, and use the Member Selector to choose
different members for the chart axes.
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For more information on modifying queries, see Modifying queries on page
45 and Chart dimension panelon page 261.
Scrolling through large data sets in chartsWhen you work with large data sets, displaying all of the data on a chart can
make it difficult or impossible to distinguish between individual risers or lines
on the chart. With all chart types except for the 3D bar chart type, Voyager
adds a range slider to the chart component when the data set is too large to
be displayed legibly.
1. Overview scroll bar
2. Selected range
3. Range slider bars
4. Hide/restore button
5. Paging buttons
The chart range slider lets you select a portion of the data set to be expanded
and displayed in the main chart graphic, so that you can see the individual
risers. You can also use the range slider to scroll through the chart.
Note: You can hide the range slider by clicking the arrow at the edge
of the range slider. To restore the range slider, click the arrow again.
Defining the size of the selected range
First, define the size of the selected range by dragging the range slider bars
in the range slider.
The selected range is shown with a white background in the range sliderwhen using the Default or Shadow chart styles, or with a black background
when using the Presentation styles.
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Moving the selected range within the range slider
Drag the selected range within the range slider to view different subsets of
the data that are currently represented in the range slider. Alternatively, you
can use the paging buttons at the ends of the range slider to move theselected range.
Scrolling the range slider within the full data set
When the data set is very large, the range slider may not show the entire
data set. In that case, use the overview scroll bar to scroll the range slider
within the full data set.
Related Topics
Chart range slideron page 264
Chart types on page 57
Adding a chart to the analysis windowon page 63
Adding data to a charton page 66
Customizing charts on page 69
Customizing charts
Voyager provides several options for customizing the appearance of your
charts. All these options are available from the Properties tab.
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Related Topics
Chart types on page 57
Adding a chart to the analysis windowon page 63
Adding data to a charton page 66
Scrolling through large data sets in charts on page 68
Chart name and comments
The chart's name appears on the chart itself both on screen and when printed.
The chart's comments appear only if you print the chart to a PDF. For more
information, see Chart display options on page 272.
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To set name and comments properties for a chart
1. In the tab panel, click the Properties tab.
2. Click the chart to select it.
3. On the Properties tab, type a name for your chart in the Name field.
The name that you type here appears on the chart's title bar, and is used
to identify the chart on the Structure tab.
4. Type any comments that you want to appear below the printed chart in
the Comments field.
5. Click Apply.
Chart color palettes
You can choose from several predefined color palettes for displaying your
charts. For details on the palettes available, see Chart display options on
page 272.
To change the color palette of your chart
1. In the tab panel, click the Properties tab.2. Click the chart to select it.
3. On the Properties tab, choose a value for the Palette property, and then
click Apply.
Chart styles
You can choose from several predefined styles for displaying your charts.
For details on the styles available, see Chart display options on page 272.
To change the style of your chart
1. In the tab panel, click the Properties tab.
2. Click the chart to select it.
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3. On the Properties tab, choose a value for the Style property, and then
click Apply.
Display font
You can set the character font used in your charts. For details, see Fonton
page 274.
To change the font used on your chart
1. In the tab panel, click the Properties tab.
2. Click the chart to select it.
3. On the Properties tab, choose a font for the Font property, and then click
Apply.
Suppressing null values in charts
Depending on the type of chart and the type of data the chart displays, you
may want to simplify the chart by hiding null values.
For details on suppressing null values in charts, see Excluding null values
on page 104 and Suppress NULL Values on page 274.
Displaying parent members
On a chart, parent members are hidden by default. For example, if a pie
chart contains a parent member and all its child members, the parent member
is not normally displayed in the pie chart because the parent member would
always occupy exactly half of the pie chart.
You can, however, turn on the display of parent members on a chart.
To display parent members on a chart
1. In the tab panel, click the Properties tab.
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2. Click the chart to select it.
3. On the Properties tab, set the Show Parents property to Yes, and then
click Apply.
Displaying visual totals
On a chart, visual totals are hidden by default. For example, if a pie chart
contains several members and a visual total representing the sum of the
other members, the sum is not normally displayed in the pie chart because
the sum would always occupy exactly half of the pie chart.
You can, however, turn on the display of visual totals on a chart.
To display visual totals on charts
1. In the tab panel, click the Properties tab.
2. Click the chart to sel