Vocabulary Words

SolutionSoluteSolventConcentrationHomeostasisHypertonicHypotonicIsotonicPermeable

Selectively Permeable

What did the strainer allow to pass through?If the strainer is “permeable” to water &

sugar, what does permeable mean?

What could not pass through the strainer?If the strainer is “impermeable” to pennies &

paperclips, what does impermeable mean?

What do you think selectively permeable means?

What about semi-permeable?

HomeostasisHomeo = sameStasis = condition

A biological balance

A process in which organisms maintain an internal balance (equilibrium)

Cell Membrane

7

} cell membrane

7nm wide7nm wide

Cell membrane {

NERVE CELL

NERVE CELL

Gap between cells

Cell Membrane

Protein Channel

Carbohydrate Chains Proteins

Lipid Bilayer

Lipid Bilayer

Lipid BilayerPhosphate head is

polarHydrophilic end

Fatty Acid tails are nonpolarHydrophobic end

Hydro = waterPhobic = fearPhillic = loving

+_

How could proteins help some molecules

pass through the membrane?

Protein Channel

Carbohydrate Chains Proteins

Lipid Bilayer

Construction of the Cell Membrane

SolutionsWhat does the sugar/food coloring

represent?Solute

What does the water represent?Solvent

Which solution has a greater concentration of solute?

Which solution has more solvent?

Solutions Hyper = above (high)Iso = same (equal)Hypo = below (low)Tonic = strength

Hypertonic?Hypotonic?Isotonic?

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTIONENERGY NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis

Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Active Transport Passive TransportProcess that requires

energy to move materials across cell membranes against a concentration gradient

Process that does NOT requires energy to move materials across cell membranes against a concentration gradient

•Above/High•Solution with the higher

concentration of solute

Hypertonic

•Same/Equal•Solutions have the same

concentration of a soluteIsotonic

•Below/Low•Solution with the lower

concentration of soluteHypotonic

Osmosis Diffusion of WATER (solvent) across a

selectively permeable membrane

Osmosis What happens to cells placed in an isotonic

solution?Water moves in & out equally; stay same size

What happens to cells placed in a hypertonic solution?Water moves out of cellAnimal cells shrink; Plant cells shrink or wilt

What happens to cells placed in a hypotonic solution?Water moves into cellAnimal cells swell & may burst; Plant cells become

more rigid

Osmosis

TAKES NO ENERGY!!

DiffusionHow long did it take you to detect the odor?How did the smell get from the balloon to

your nose?How do you think the molecules of the

vanilla travel from the balloon to your nose? Straight line, zig zag?

Diffusion – movement of PARTICLES (solute) from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration

Diffusion in Air

Diffusion in Water

Molecules tend to move from areas of ______ concentration to areas of _______concentration.

Is the bag or beaker more concentrated in starch?

Is the bag or beaker more concentrated in iodine?

Iodine Solution: is the bag or beaker hypertonic?

Starch Solution: is the bag or beaker hypertonic?

Diffusionhigh

low

If the bag is permeable to starch, which way would the starch move?

If the bag is permeable to iodine, which way would the iodine move?

Make a prediction about what you think will happen. Is the starch going to move out of the bag??????Is the iodine going to move into the bag???????

DiffusionOut of the bag

Into the bag

Iodine is an indicator for starch. An indicator changes color in the presence of

the substance it indicates.Iodine turns blue/black in the presence of

starch

Make a prediction about what you think will happen to the color of both solutions. Will the beaker solution turn colors??????Will the bag solution turn colors???????

Diffusion

Which substance moved, the iodine or the starch?

The plastic bag was permeable to which substance?

Why is it not a good idea to store iodine in a plastic bag?

What cell structure does the bag represent?

Diffusion

Iodine

Because iodine would leak out of bag

Cell Membrane

What does permeable mean? Allows materials to pass

Was the bag selectively permeable? Yes

Why? It only allowed certain materials to pass

Diffusion

Cell Membrane

Protein Channel

Carbohydrate Chains Proteins

Lipid Bilayer

Osmosis

TAKES NO ENERGY!!

Lab Preparation

Each team member will need to participate & take an active part in lab Getter – get materials/equipment; only one to

leave table!Shusher – make sure everyone stays on task &

doesn’t get too loud. Makes sure entire group is helping to answer questions.

Reader – reads lab aloud before & during labChecker – make sure all questions are answered,

names are on paper, turned in, etc.

7th PeriodOrange Anthony, Nichole,Jaqueline,

Hayden

Yellow Ambreasha, James, Amanda, Mavricio

Green Jazmyne, Caitlin, Heath, John

Black Tiara, Robert, Alysse, Michael

Red Camauni, David, Carolina, Irvin

Blue Edwin, Ka’Deedra, Fabian, Cecelia

Potato Lab

Every student

turn in lab

report! Make

sure your name is

on it!

6th PeriodOrange Chris, Joymina, Eduardo,

Ronald

Yellow Brandi, Nikki, Kalaya, David

Green Leslie, Moneshia, Jerry, Qua’Vant’e

Black Cynthia

Red Traeveon, Eryka, Christian,Jennifer

Blue Kevin, Tuyen, Miguel, Guillermo

5th PeriodOrange

Eunice, Chris, Keith, Rainey

Yellow Cecilia, Serena, Carly, Melissa

Green Nathan, Jalestine, Elizabeth, Adam

BlackLauren, Sabryn, Ivon, Jamie, Dalton,

Red Christina, Shafter, Lyndsay, Erik, Jose

BlueQuindon, Lesly, Ray, Francisco

Active Transport Passive TransportProcess that requires

energy to move materials across cell membranes against a concentration gradient

Process that does NOT requires energy to move materials across cell membranes against a concentration gradient

Facilitated DiffusionMovement of molecules across a

membrane through protein channels

TAKES NO ENERGY!!

Passive TransportOsmosisDiffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Endocytosisendo = insidecyto = cellosis = process

A process in which a cell takes materials in bymembrane folding

ENERGY NEEDED

Endocytosis

Exocytosisexo = outsidecyto = cellosis = process

A process in which a cell removes largeamounts of materials

ENERGY NEEDED

Exocytosis

Active TransportEndocytosisExocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTIONENERGY NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis

Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO

Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

Facilitated Diffusion

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

NO

Facilitated Diffusion

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

NOPassive Transport

Facilitated Diffusion

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

NOPassive Transport

Facilitated Diffusion

Movement of molecules across a membrane through

protein channels

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

NOPassive Transport

Facilitated Diffusion

Movement of molecules across a membrane through

protein channelsNO

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

NOPassive Transport

Facilitated Diffusion

Movement of molecules across a membrane through

protein channelsNO

Passive Transport

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

NOPassive Transport

Facilitated Diffusion

Movement of molecules across a membrane through

protein channelsNO

Passive Transport

Endocytosis

When cells take materials in by membrane folding

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

NOPassive Transport

Facilitated Diffusion

Movement of molecules across a membrane through

protein channelsNO

Passive Transport

Endocytosis

When cells take materials in by membrane folding

YES

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

NOPassive Transport

Facilitated Diffusion

Movement of molecules across a membrane through

protein channelsNO

Passive Transport

Endocytosis

When cells take materials in by membrane folding

YESActive Transport

Exocytosis

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

NOPassive Transport

Facilitated Diffusion

Movement of molecules across a membrane through

protein channelsNO

Passive Transport

Endocytosis

When cells take materials in by membrane folding

YESActive Transport

Exocytosis When cells remove large amounts of materials

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

NOPassive Transport

Facilitated Diffusion

Movement of molecules across a membrane through

protein channelsNO

Passive Transport

Endocytosis

When cells take materials in by membrane folding

YESActive Transport

Exocytosis When cells remove large amounts of materials

YES

Molecule Transport Across Cell Membranes

TYPE DESCRIPTION

ENERGY

NEEDED

ACTIVE or PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Osmosis Diffusion of water across a

selectively permeable membrane

NO Passive Transport

Diffusion Movement of solute from a region of high concentration

to a region of low concentration

NOPassive Transport

Facilitated Diffusion

Movement of molecules across a membrane through

protein channelsNO

Passive Transport

Endocytosis

When cells take materials in by membrane folding

YESActive Transport

Exocytosis When cells remove large amounts of materials

YESActive Transport

Transport Animations

Would you consider cells to be simple or complex?

How did cells become so complex?

Endo = withinSymbiosis = 2 organisms living together

What does endosymbiosis mean?

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/chapter4/animation_-

_endosymbiosis.html

Endosymbiotic TheoryPage 427Proposes that eukaryotic (have nuclei)

cells arose from living communities formed by prokaryotic (no nuclei) organisms.

Endosymbiotic TheoryMitochondria & Chloroplasts are very similar

to prokaryotic bacteriaDNARibosomesReproduce by binary fission2 membranes

Endosymbiotic Theory

OM NOM NOM NOM

The endosymbiotic theory suggests that eukaryotes developed when a prokaryotic cell was engulfed by another prokaryotic cell & continued living inside the other cell. One piece of evidence for this is that some organelles have their own DNA. Which of these organelles has its own DNA and is thought to have developed in this way? A.Cell membraneB.MitochondriaC.Golgi apparatusD.Vacuole

Elodea Plasmolysis