Post on 11-Jan-2016
description
Visualization of Massive Volumetric Data Sets
Bradley WalletRobert WentlandJawad Mokhtar
brad@chroma-corp.comhttp://www.chromaenergy.com/
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Acknowledgements
• Chroma for allowing me to come• Chroma Energy for allowing me to speak• PGS for allowing me to show their data
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Outline
• Background (Goals and Data)• Why Visualize?• Hardware• Software
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Goals
• Find economic hydrocarbon reservoirs– Reduce the number of dry holes– Locate leads that would otherwise be missed
• Extract information necessary to exploit reservoirs
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Data
• Large 3-D volumetric data set• Pre-stack data (Amplitude vs. Offset)• Reflection Coefficient data• Acoustic Impedance data• Derived (feature) data• 4-D Seismic data
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Data
• Data cubes consists of 100 million to 500+ million observations– Typically part of larger data set– Desire to work in 32 bits per voxel
• Typically four or more derived data cubes– Some really should be 32 bits per voxel– Often need three or more in memory at a time
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Data
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Data
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Data
More
1 Sec
5 Km
Gulf of Mexico3D Seismic
WaitDone
Channel Sequence of
Interest
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Data
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Access the pattern level of the ChromaCubeTM pattern database.
MoreDone
Data
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Why Visualize
• Technical feasibility– “Oil is found in the minds of men”
• Conservative culture• Economics
– Shallow onshore well costs $100k– Deep onshore well costs $1m– On shelf well costs $10m– Deep water well costs $100m
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Hardware
• Long term storage– Generally available in sufficient quantity– Slow but typically acceptable
• Intersite transfer of data• Main memory
– Limited to 2GB in 32 bit systems– Limited to 8GB in practice– Contiguous memory issues
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Hardware
• Graphics cards– Not designed for volumetric applications– View must be calculated in software
• Volumetric cards– Limited in the past to 256MB– Limited to greyscale– New ones hold up to 8GB– Support RGBA
• Exotic (transputer) solutions– Expensive hardware– Expensive software
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Software
• Custom software– Cpat
• Batch operations• Calculates derived data
– ChromaVision• Visualization• Interactive colormap adjustments• Extraction, annotation, editing, etc.
• Commercial off the shelf (COTS) software– Data preprocessing– Standard operations
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Software
Workflow
Current Workflow
Data Acquisition
Data Processing
Migrated Image
Visualization Interpretation
Reservoir Simulation
DrillingWell Plan
Pattern Enabled Workflow
PatternEnabled
VisualizationInterpretation
Seismic Data
Pattern Database
Stacked Angle Stacks
CMP (for AVO)Multi-component
4D (time varying stacks)
PatternAnalysis
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Software
• Color maps– RGBA– HSVA– Alpha channel– Interactive exploration– Grand tour