ARCHITECTURE VERNACULAR

IN

INDIA

VERNACULARLOCALFOLK TRADITIONAL= =

Vernaculus (LATIN) = domestic or native

“Vernacular Architecture Refers To Buildings Based Upon Regional Traditions, Building Materials In Hand, And The Characteristics Of The Native place Such as Climate.”

INDIAN CLIMATE & ARCHITECTURE

•HOT AND DRY

BIODIVERSITY IN THE INDIAN CLIMATE & CLIMATIC ZONES

•WARM AND HUMID

•COLD AND SUNNY

•COLD AND CLOUDY

•COMPOSITE

HOT & DRY {Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana.}

•SOLAR RADIATIONS (800-950W/min)

•TEMPERATURE RANGE (20-40°C)

•HUMIDITY (20-40%)

•PRECIPITATION –(<500mm)

•AAPPROPRIATE ORIENTATION

•INSULATION OF BUILDING ENVELOPE

•AIR LOCKS, BALCONIES, LOBBIES, VERANDAS

•OVERHANGS, FINS,TREES

•WINDOWS & EXAUSTS •WIND TOWERS, COURTYARDS

•WATER BODIES

•EVAPORATIVE COOLING

HOT & DRY

MUD HUT OF RAJASTHAN

WARM & HUMID {Costal Area, North-East Region.}

•TEPERATURE RANGE (20-35° C)

•RELATIVE HUMIDITY (70-90%)

•PRECIPITATION(>1200mm)

•OVERCAST SKY (40-80%)

• HIGHER POSSIBIL ITY OF VEGETATION

•ROOF INSULATION AND WALL INSULATION

•REFLECTIVE SURFACE OF ROOF

•VENTILATED ROOF CONSTRUCTION

• MAXIMIZE CROSS VENTILATION

•PROPER ARRANGEMENT OF THE OPENINGS

•MEASURES TO PREVENT MATERIAL FROM CORROSION

WARM & HUMID

COSTAL HOUSES

MODERATE {Local Places (Pune,Bangalore,Etc.)}

•SOLAR RADIATIONS (Moderate)

•TEMPERATURE RANGE (17-34°C)

•HUMIDITY (30-80%)

•PRECIPITATION (<1000mm)

•REDUCE HEAT GAIN BY SHADING DEVICES

•WALLS FACING EAST & WEST PROTECTED BY OVERHANGS.

•COURTYARD PLAN

•WINTER HEATING IS MORE IMPORTANT

•SMALL OPENINGS IN EXTERIOR OF BUILDING

•PROPER CROSS VENTILATION

COMPOSITE { Deccan, MP, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh.}

•SOLAR RADIATIONS (Intense in Summer & lower in Winter )

•TEMPERATURE RANGE (4-43°C)

•HUMIDITY (20-55%)

•PRECIPITATION (500-1300mm)

•MORE OR LESS AS IN HOT AND DRY REGION

•AIR LOCKS AND BALCONIES

•WIND BARRIERS AND TREES

•THICKER WALLS

•DEHUMIDIFIERS ANS DESICCANT COOLING

•TREES & PONDS FOR EVAPORATIVE COOLINGS

•ROOF INSULATION & WALL INSULATION

COLD & SUNNY { Laddakh}

•SOLAR RADIATIONS (Lower Intensity Throughout A Year )

•TEMPERATURE RANGE (-14 to 11°C)

•HUMIDITY (Low 10-15%)

•PRECIPITATION (<200mm)

•CLEAR SKY

•THE BUILDINGS ARE MADE FROM STONE, MUD AND CLAY

•BUILDINGS ARE VERY CLOSE

•VERY FEW & VERY SMALL OPENINGS

•FIREPLACE IS NECESSORY

COLD & CLOUDY { Kashmir, Sikkim, upper part of Assam }

•SOLAR RADIATIONS (Low. high percentage of Diffused Radiation )

•TEMPERATURE RANGE (-4 to 30°C)

•HUMIDITY (Low 5-15%)

•PRECIPITATION (Around1000mm)

•CLOUDY SKY EXCEPT THE SUMMER

•THE MUD AND BAMBOO WALL

•ROOF OVERHANGS ON ALL SIDES TO PROTECT THE CORE SPACES

•ROOF IS OF THICK STONE SLAB OR COUNTRY TILES

•FIREPLACES &CHIMNEYS