HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Vegetative Vegetative Morphology of Morphology of Fruit and Nut Fruit and Nut

CropsCrops

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

The TreeThe Tree

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Fruiting woodFruiting wood

Shoot type: long (bourse) vs. short (spurs)Shoot type: long (bourse) vs. short (spurs)

Flower Bud Position: lateral Vs. terminalFlower Bud Position: lateral Vs. terminal

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Spur branchSpur branch Short lateral Short lateral

branches in which branches in which the internodes are the internodes are extremely short, extremely short, bringing several bringing several leaves close together leaves close together in any given year in any given year and potentially many and potentially many leaf scars close leaf scars close together over together over several years. several years.

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Flower Bud InitiationFlower Bud InitiationWhen does it occur?When does it occur?

Why is this important?Why is this important?

Most initiate the summer before fruitingMost initiate the summer before fruiting– Apple, pearApple, pear– Peach, plum, cherryPeach, plum, cherry– PersimmonPersimmon– Blackberry, blueberryBlackberry, blueberry

Some initiate same year as fruitSome initiate same year as fruit– Fig, 2Fig, 2ndnd crop crop– QuinceQuince– StrawberriesStrawberries

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Bud typesBud types

Leaf versus flower budLeaf versus flower bud

Simple, Mixed, & CompoundSimple, Mixed, & Compound Simple budsSimple buds

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Stem MorphologyStem Morphology

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Bud typesBud types

Mixed Buds = Mixed Buds = contain floral and contain floral and vegetative primordiavegetative primordia

Compound Buds = Compound Buds = formed by multiple formed by multiple budsbuds

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Leaf MorphologyLeaf Morphology

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Leaf MorphologyLeaf Morphology

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Leaf MorphologyLeaf MorphologyLeaf glands on PrunusLeaf glands on Prunus

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Reproductive TypeReproductive Type

Perfect or hermaphroditicPerfect or hermaphroditic– Peach, apple, blackberryPeach, apple, blackberry

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Reproductive TypeReproductive Type

Imperfect flowers - HeterogamousImperfect flowers - Heterogamous– Monoecious, pecan, walnutMonoecious, pecan, walnut

– Dioecious, kiwi, pistachio, persimmonDioecious, kiwi, pistachio, persimmon

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Laboratory ProcedureLaboratory Procedure

Examine vegetative samples of fruit and nut Examine vegetative samples of fruit and nut cropscrops

Answer questions on work sheetsAnswer questions on work sheets Press samples for notebooksPress samples for notebooks

– Label with name & mount next week (8 Label with name & mount next week (8 pts)pts)

Turn in worksheets to lab assistant for Turn in worksheets to lab assistant for grading (17 pts)grading (17 pts)

Put fruit sensory evaluation data in notebookPut fruit sensory evaluation data in notebook

HORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and NuHORT 319 - Temperate Fruit and Nut Productiont Production

Things to learn from this Things to learn from this lablab

Proper terminologyProper terminology

ID all fruit and nut ID all fruit and nut samplessamples– Common and Common and

scientificscientific

Know fruiting habits Know fruiting habits – When, type, positionWhen, type, position– Why important?Why important?

Reproductive typesReproductive types– Perfect Vs. ImperfectPerfect Vs. Imperfect

– Monoecious Vs. Monoecious Vs. DioeciousDioecious

– Protogynous Vs. Protogynous Vs. ProtandrousProtandrous