SAF Centre for Leadership Development

COL Fred Tan Head SAF Centre for

Leadership Development (CLD)

Values Inculcation the SAF

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

My Background My Background Command • Comd 3 SIB

• CO 1 ADF

• OC ‘A’ 4 SIR

• PC 1 SIR

Ops Staff • Bde S3, 2 SIB

• Bde Dy S3, 2 SIB

Ops Deployment • Planning Officer DPKO, UN HQ

• Team Leader, Aceh Monitoring Mission

• Senior Liaison Officer, CTF 1 (East Timor)

HR Staff • Senior Project Offr, SAF HR Review

• CO AOMC

• SO 1, NS PDB, NSAD

• Hd Career Planning (Dev/Cses)

• Publicity Officer, ARC

Professional Qualifications • SAF Senior Commanders’ Programme (SCP)

• SAF Leadership & Orgn Dev Programme (SY5)

• Canadian Forces Joint Command & Staff Cse

• Officer Cadet School 2/89 IOCC

Academic Qualifications • MSc in HR Mgt & Dev (New York University)

• BSc in Engineering Mgt, USMA (West Point)

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

What are your questions on

Values inculcation in the

SAF?

(No “How” questions, please…)

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Schien’s Orgn Culture Model

Level 1:

Artifacts

Level 2:

Espouse

d Values

‘culture is the deeper level of basic assumptions and beliefs that are shared by members of an organization that operate

unconsciously and define in a basic “taken for granted” fashion, an organization’s view of its self and its environment ’.

Level 3:

Assumptions/

Mental Models

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Why Bother?

• Need effective leaders to lead and

accomplish the mission.

• Moral compass to guide decision-

making.

• SCV engender trust and common

understanding

=> Shapes accepted behaviours

and build culture.

SAF Core Values = SAF Character

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Scope

• Introduction

• 3 Stages of Values Inculcation

• Measurement of Values

• Key Success Factors

• Q & A

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Challenges

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Scope • Inculcation vs Brain Washing

• One time download vs living out the values

(top of mind awareness)

• Personal vs Organisational Core Values

(Alignment in large organisation)

• “Taught” vs “Caught”

• Hypocrisy in Leadership

• How to measure?

• How to reward?

Challenges

SAF Centre for Leadership Development 22

SAF 24-7 Leadership Framework

OPERATING

ENVIRONMENT

(social, societal,

cultural, temporal,

technological,

organisational)

DESIRED

OUTCOMES

(e.g. Will to Fight,

Engagement,

Experience,

Organisational

Learning, Openness etc.)

MISSION & PURPOSE

Styles

Self

Competencies

Values

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Evolution of SAF Core Values (SCV)

• 1967 - Promulgation of “SAF Code of Conduct”

• 1987 - Proposed Values system for Institute of

Excellence (then-COL Peter Ho)

• 1990 - “Officers’ Creed” formalised

• 1996 - Promulgation of SAF Core Values to rank and file

• 1997 - Inclusion of “Care for Soldiers” to SCV

• 2013 – Inclusion of “Safety” to SCV

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Loyalty to Country • Nation before Self

• Commitment

• Sacrifice

• Defend & Protect

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Leadership

• Leading by Example

• Being True to Self & Others

• Inspiring & Developing Others

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Discipline • Timely & Precise Execution

• Respect for Military System

• Adherence to Standards

• Regimentation

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Professionalism • Knowing your job & doing it well

• Learning & Innovation

• Setting & Maintaining Standards

• Excellence

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Fighting Spirit • Perseverance

• Courage

• Resilience

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Ethics • Doing the right thing

without fear or favour

• Moral Courage

• Trustworthiness

• Integrity

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Care for Soldiers

• Concern & Empathy

• Tough & Safe Training

• Nurturing & Developing

Others

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Safety

• Perform tasks with

vigilance

• Individual, Team, and

Command responsibility

• Supports Mission

Success & C2D

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

1. We will always Honour our Nation. We will do everything to uphold it

and nothing to disgrace it.

2. At all times, we must bear in mind that we are protector of our citizens.

3. We are loyal to the Armed Forces, and we take pride in our unit, our

uniform, our discipline, our work, our training and ourselves.

4. We must be exemplary in our conduct. We respect others and by our

conduct and bearing win the respect of others.

5. We are courageous but not reckless. We are devoted to duty but not

to ourselves.

6. We guard our weapons as we guard secrets.

SAF Code of Conduct (1967)

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

SAF Core Values

Personal Values SAF Mission

Stage 1

3 Stages of Values Inculcation

Alignment

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

SAF Core Values

Personal Values SAF Mission

Stage 1

Stage 2

Personal Values

Peer Pressure

Expedience

Form over Substance

Alignment

3 Stages of Values Inculcation

Values-

based

actions /

choices

Adherence

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

SAF Core Values

Personal Values SAF Mission

Stage 1

Stage 2

Personal Values

Peer Pressure

Expedience

Form over Substance

Stage 3

3 Stages of Values Inculcation

Reasoned

choice &

application of

values

Ethical

Reasoning

Values-

based

actions /

choices

Alignment

Adherence

Internalisation

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Stage 1: Values

Clarification Exercise

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Stage 2: Adherence

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Scope Character Development Through Sports (CDTS)

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Scope Core Values Coursewares

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Serious Games: Decisive Combat

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Stage 3: Internalisation

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Scope • Srebrenica Ethnic Cleansing (1995)

Case Studies: Ethics in Command

• Kosovo (1999)

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Scope • Stanford Prison Experiment (SPE) (1971)

• Commando Dunking Incident (2003)

Case Studies: Ethics in Command

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Stage 3: Internalisation

• Peace-Keeping Operations Scenarios

• Personal sharing of SCV

– (3 to 5 stories)

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

SCV Resources

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

S/No Title Remarks

a. SAF Core Values

Handbook & Pocket Guide

Baseline information on the

SAF Core Values.

b. Leadership & Values

Workbook

Workbook to guide junior

leaders through their

development journey in

command schools.

c. Stand Fast Compilation of Stories involving

the SAF Core Values.

d. Values in Action Case Studies for Instructors

and Unit Commanders involving

the SAF Core Values.

e. Leading Our Soldiers Well Case Studies involving

leadership and SAF Core

Values in an Army Battalion.

SCV Resources

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Values Measurements

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Executive Coaching

Developing Leaders Through Feedbacks

Officer Cadet

Training

2nd Lieutenant/

Lieutenant

Captain Major Lt. Colonel

Colonel

19

27-30

Experience

Building

• Journaling

• Reflection

• Feedback

by Superior

• Comprehensive

Feedback

Individual Development

Action Plan Executive Coaching

Executive Coaching

All SAF Officers

38-40

34-36 32-35

20-22

iPDF

GKS CSC

360 Multi-source Leadership

Feedback (MSLF)

IPDF Improved Peer Development

Feedback

360 360 360

360

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Scope • Role Model at every level:

- Leaders “Walking the Talk”

- “Espoused Values” vs “Values in Use”.

• Reinforcement: - Start young

- Consistent reinforcements; Seize every

teachable moment (rationale and

considerations)

- Strong emphasis; Veto in selection

process

• Scaffold programmes: - In accordance to 3 Stages (Junior to

Senior courses)

Key Success Factors

SAF Centre for Leadership Development

Questions?