USHC 1.1 – Settlement

Standard – Summarize the distinct characteristics of each colonial region in the settlement and development of America, including religious, social, political, and economic differences.

Religion – Spain

God, Gold and Glory…God was not their primary motivation.

Spanish missionaries converted natives by force to Roman Catholicism.

They used the natives as laborers in order to hold land.

Religion – France

France was Roman Catholic. They did not allow Huguenots to

migrate to French territories therefore some Huguenots came to South Carolina.

Religion – New England

New England settlers came for religious freedom but did not have religious toleration.

Pilgrims were separatists.

Puritans were reformers.

Religion – New England

“City on a Hill” They exiled

dissenters like Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson. Williams founded Rhode Island (religious toleration).

Religion – other English Colonies

Mid-Atlantic – Maryland passed the Act of Toleration to protect Catholics.

Religion did not play a large role in the Southern colonies. (Church of England)

Society – Spanish

Spanish had a strict hierarchical social structure.

Spanish were dependent on slave labor.

The French were not dependent on slave labor because of geography.

Society – English

New England/middle colonies had somewhat of an Egalitarian society.

Class distinctions developed as economic prosperity developed and immigration increased.

In New England, the Church fostered the development of towns and schools and shaped society.

Society – England cont.

In the South, they developed a hierachial system because of their need for indentured servants and slaves for the plantation system.

The development of towns was impeded by these large land holdings.

Society – South Slavery

Politics – Spain and France

Authoritarian control of colonies. Had no experience with democracy.

Politics - England

British had experience with democracy because of the Magna Carta and Parliament.

Types of colonial government Charter, proprietary, and royal colonies

Had democratic institutions in the colonies. Virginia – House of Burgess New England – Town Meetings and Mayflower

Compact.

Politics – England Cont.

The policy of salutary neglect by the kings in the 1600s strengthened the role of the colonial assemblies.

Used the power of the purse to control the royal governors.

Who did the colonist believe had the power to tax them? Why?

Economics – Spain

The crown funded their expeditions. Found gold and silver. Used natives on encomiendas and

later African slaves. Missionary outposts were used for

political control.

Economics - France

Their colonial economy was based on fur trapping.

Depended on Native American tribes.

Claimed the inland of the continent.

Economics – New England

New England only had subsistence (?) farming. The soil was too rocky for cash crops

New England started building ships and become merchants and fishermen.

Mid-Atlantic exported food stuffs. South grew cash crops because of the

fertile soil. (tobacco, rice, indigo) New England merchants shipped these

goods. What were the largest port cities?

Triangle Trade