Post on 13-Dec-2015
Urinary SystemJock Joyce, Natalie Simkins
FunctionProduce, filter, and expel urine
Major Organs and Functions of
Each•Two Kidneys - made of millions of nephrons. Vital organs that form
urine, essential for homeostasis and maintenance of life. In process
of forming urine, fluids, electrolytes, and wastes from metabolism are
filtered from the blood and enter the nephron (additional wastes may
be secreted in the the tubules of the nephron, substances useful to
the body are reabsorbed into the blood). IF KIDNEYS FAIL
HOMEOSTASIS CANNOT BE MAINTAINED
•Urethra - urine passes from the bladder to the urethra. Infection of
urethra may spread all throughout urinary tract. Also passageway for
reproductive fluid
•Urinary Bladder - located in pelvis, behind pubic symphysis. In
women: sits in front of uterus, In men: rests on prostate. Elastic fibers
and involuntary muscle fibers in walls of bladder make it well suited
for expansion, then contracts to empty itself. Special kind of epithelial
tissue lines bladder, loosely attached to muscle layer, lies in folds
called rugae. The trigone is the triangular area on the back of the
bladder that is always smooth, where membrane is tightly fixed to
deeper muscle coat
•Ureter - tubes made of smooth muscle fibers that propel urine from
the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
How the Urinary System interacts with other
Systems
Works with the:
• Circulatory System, by cleansing the
blood of waste, removing excess fluids and generally
keeping other fluids in balance.
• Nervous System, by regulating the release of urine.
When the bladder is full, the nervous system
receives messages that it is time to go.
Behaviors that improve the functioning of the Urinary
System
• Keeping your blood pressure at the target set by your health provider (aim for less sodium)
• If you have diabetes, control your blood glucose level. Good glucose control may help prevent or delay diabetes complications, including kidney disease.
• Keep your blood cholesterol in your target range by staying active, maintaining a healthy weight, and having a healthy diet
• Don’t smoke. If you do, take steps to try and quit. Smoking can make kidney damage worse.
• Get or become more active. Physical activity is good for your blood pressure as well as your blood glucose and blood cholesterol levels
• Lose weight if you are overweight. Being overweight makes your kidneys work harder. Losing weight helps your kidneys last longer
Diseases that affect the Urinary System
•Interstitial Cystitis (also known as “painful
bladder syndrome” and “frequency-urgency-
dysuria syndrome”) - inflamed/irritated bladder
wall. The scarring caused by the illness can
stiffen the bladder, causing pinpoint bleeding
and decreasing its capacity. The cause of
Interstitial Cystitis is unknown and patients do
not respond to antibiotics.
•Pyelonephritis - the result of a UTI advancing to
your upper urinary tract. This includes the
kidneys and ureters, but is classed as a kidney
infection. Through the kidneys, the infection
can spread to the blood and cause serious
illness. Symptoms include: back pain, fever,
blood in urine, nausea and vomiting, and
confusion. Pyelonephritis is almost always
curable through antibiotics.
Quiz!
1.What do the kidneys maintain?
2.What are two things you can do to help your kidneys last longer?
3.The ureter…
A.Maintains homeostasis
B.Filters urine
C.Makes insulin
D.Propels urine from kidneys to urinary bladder
4. What are 3 symptoms of pyelonephritis?
5. What is the cause of interstitial cystitis