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Journal of the Canadian Historical AssociationRevue de la Société historique du Canada

Unmaking Manly Smokes: Church, State, Governance, and theFirst Anti-Smoking Campaigns in Montreal, 1892-1914Jarrett Rudy

Volume 12, Number 1, 2001

URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/031143arDOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/031143ar

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Publisher(s)The Canadian Historical Association/La Société historique du Canada

ISSN0847-4478 (print)1712-6274 (digital)

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Cite this articleRudy, J. (2001). Unmaking Manly Smokes: Church, State, Governance, and theFirst Anti-Smoking Campaigns in Montreal, 1892-1914. Journal of the CanadianHistorical Association / Revue de la Société historique du Canada, 12 (1), 95–114.https://doi.org/10.7202/031143ar

Article abstractThis paper examines a series of anti-smoking campaigns by the MontrealWomen's Christian Temperance Union that were part of local, provincial, andfederal campaigns for age restrictions on smoking and cigarette prohibition.The Montreal campaigns were particularly unsuccessful in comparison tothose undertaken in other provinces. The article argues that while women'sexclusion from formal politics and the particularly masculine symbolism ofsmoking were important factors in accounting for the weakness of theMontreal WCTU's campaigns, the specificity of the Montreal case is found inthe religious demography of the city. The paper uncovers the social gospelbeliefs of the Montreal WCTU and the theological roots of anti-prohibitionistsin the city. Ultimately, the question is situated in a debate over the liberal orderat the turn of the twentieth century and the proper role of the church and statein the moral formation of individuals.