Unit 6 – Lecture 1

Note:Read and LISTEN!!

I mentioned this at the beginning of the year and semester , but as the year progresses, you’ll have less and less notes given on the screen…

in this unit, you’ll have both information on the screen itself, AND info that you’ll need to listen for[not everything will be on the board]

so Read and LISTEN!!

Recall ClassificationOrganisms are classified by:

cell typebody typehow they attain nutritiongenetic composition

DomainsThere are three domains of Life:

BacteriaArchaeaEukarya

Domain: BacteriaKingdom Eubacteria

prokaryoticunicellular

Domain: BacteriaKingdom Eubacteria

asexual reproductionsometimes

with conjugationusing pili[sing = pilus]

Domain: BacteriaKingdom Eubacteria

strong cell wallcan be autotroph

or heterotrophsaphrophyteparasitechemoautotrophphotoautotroph

Domain: BacteriaKingdom Eubacteria

found almost everywhere except for extreme environments

some have locomotionflagellacilia

Domain: BacteriaKingdom Eubacteria

three basic body shapes:bacilluscoccusspirillum

strep = chainsstaph = clusters

Discuss

Summarize the characteristics of Eubacteria and check over your notes with a partner to

make sure you got everything.

Domain: ArchaeaKingdom Archaebacteria

prokaryoticunicellularasexual reproduction

sometimes with conjugation

Domain: ArchaeaKingdom Archaebacteria

strong cell wall with unique composition

autotrophicphotoautotrophchemoautotroph

Domain: ArchaeaKingdom Archaebacteria

closer genetically to eukaryotes than eubacteria

live in extreme environmentshigh heat,

high salt

Discuss

Summarize the characteristics of Archaebacteria

and check over your notes with a partner to make sure you got everything.

Domain: EukaryaKingdoms Protista, Fungi, Animalia, Plantae

very diverse but all are eukaryoticunicellular or multicellularhighly organizedsexual or asexual reproduction

Recall – Characteristics of LifeIt is debatable if viruses are truly alive or not. Discuss with a partner whether or not you

think a virus fulfills the characteristics which all living things must have.

organized (into cells)reproducescan pass traits to offspringgrows/developsneeds energymaintains homeostasisresponds to stimuli

?

VirusesMultiple forms:

helixicosahedralbacteriophageand more

VirusesBacteriophage anatomy

[aka T-4 bacteriophage or just “phage”]

head = capsidsheath aka tail

Nucleic Acid

VirusesReproduction

must occur in a host cell two cycles:

lytic cyclelysogenic cycle

VirusesLytic Cycle

attachmentinfectionincorporation of

nucleic acidreplication:

viral DNA uses host to replicate DNA and make more viruses

destruction of cell

VirusesLysogenic Cycle

attachmentinfectionincorporation of

nucleic acidDNA is dormant &

replicates with cell info during cell cycle

VirusesPrion – “evil misshapen protein” / viral

proteinresponsible for mad cow disease which

destroys brain tissuerecent discoveries, however, show that

“normal” prions may have an important role in keeping nerve cells healthy

VirusesUses for viruses

vaccinesgene therapy

Cystic Fibrosis

Recall – Characteristics of LifeSo…are viruses alive? Why or Why Not?

Which characteristics does it share with living things?

organized (into cells)reproducescan pass traits to offspringgrows/developsneeds energymaintains homeostasisresponds to stimuli

?

HomeworkComplete the worksheet on the backside of

your lecture notes Draw, Label & Color Bacteria & Viruses