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8/13/2019 Unit 5 Study Guide Answer Key
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Unit 5 Study Guide: Latin America Today
Geography
Amazon River6 Brazil1
Sierra Madre Mountains2 Cuba7Andes Mountains7 Bolivia3
Pacific Ocean8 Mexico2
Caribbean Sea1 Venezuela8
Atacama Desert4 Panama4
Atlantic Ocean9 Colombia6
Gulf of Mexico5 Haiti5
Panama Canal3
Location
What waterways Brazil, Cuba, Venezuela and Mexico have access to? Panama Canal, Atlantic Ocean
Where do most Brazilians live? Near the coast
What is Venezuelas most important export? Oil
Why is Cuba a target for hurricanes? Middle of the Caribbean Sea
What is Cubas most important export?Sugar (sugar cane)
Who is Mexicos largest trading partner?United States
Culture
What is mulatto? European and African
What is mestizo? European and Native American
What 3 groups make up all ethnic groups in Latin America? European, African, Native American
What is the most common language in Latin America? Spanish
What is the most common religion in Latin America? Christianity (Roman Catholic)
What language is spoken in Brazil? Portuguese
What are the literacy rates like in Latin America compared to the United States? Who has the highest
literacy rate in Latin America? lower, Cuba
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Governance
How do federal governments, unitary governments and confederal governments distribute (share)
power?
Federaldifferent branches, central government and local governments share power (equal power)
UnitaryStrong central government. Only one branch of government. Central government makes
laws for local governments.
Confederalweak central government. Voluntary association of countries. Alliances, NAFTA, EU
Who has political power in an autocracy, oligarchy, and a democracy?
Autocracyone person (dictator, king/queen, emporer)
Oligarchya few wealthy or influential people
Democracyall citizens through voting in free elections
What is the difference between a presidential democracy and a parliamentary democracy?
presidentialcitizens vote for legislature and head of government (president) separately. Head of
State and Head of Government are same person (President)
parliamentarycitizens vote only for legislature (parliament). Legislature (parliament) selects head of
government (prime minister). Head of State and Head of Government are 2 different people.
What types of government do Mexico, Brazil, and Cuba have?
Brazilfederal, presidential democracy
Mexicofederal, presidential democracy
Cubaunitary, autocracy
Cuban Revolution
Who led the revolution against Cubas government in the 1950s?Fidel Castro
What dictator did Castro defeat in the revolution? Fulgencio Batista
Why was Castro angry enough to start a revolution? Cuban wealth controlled by foreign countries
(U.S.)
Who did Cuba become allies with and what type of government did Castro put in place? Soviet Union
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What trade barrier did the U.S. put on Cuba? Why? Embargo, in retaliation for Castro taking property
belonging to American companies.
What did the Cuban Revolution have to do with the Cold War? Cuban Missile Crisis is closest we came
to nuclear war.
What has been the effects of the Cuban Revolution for citizens of Cuba? Fewer rights, fewer economic
choices, free healthcare/education
Zapatista Army
Who did the Zapatista Guerilla Movement name themselves after? Why? Emiliano Zapata. He also
fought for Mexicos poorest people.
What Mexican state did this movement begin in? Chiapas
Why do the Zapatistas oppose NAFTA? Brings only low-paying jobs to Mexico. Takes advantage of poor
people
What are the Zapatistas beliefs and goals?Anti-globalization, anti-NAFTA, anti-Mexican government.
Believe that globalization takes advantage of the worlds poorest people. Believe Mexican wealth and
resources should be controlled by the people, not the government.
How has the movement changed in recent years? Moved from violent to non-violent
What is globalization? the world becoming more connected through trade.