Post on 09-Jan-2016
description
Validation of Suitable index map using a GIS Approach; an example from a Case Study in
Selangor, Malaysia
Umi Raihana A. R. & Sharifah Norkhadijah S.I. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health,
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia
1
OBJECTIVE
• To validate the site suitability index map to improve the accuracies
2
INTRODUCTION
• Municipal solid waste (MSW) management has become one of the global concerns in developing countries such as Malaysia
• Urbanisation and economic development lead to large waste produced
• Landfilling is the main waste disposal method utilised in the country
3
• Selangor has a total of 20 landfills of which 13 are closed and 7 still operating
• Most are Level 0 (open dumping) or Level 1 (non-sanitary)
• Most of the landfills in Selangor are built and operated without proper monitoring facilities and pollution controls
4
• Landfills being built near to residential area • Sharifah Norkhadijah (2011) has suggested
areas that suitable for landfill development – GIS and MCDA
• How accurate of this map?
5
Study area: Selangor
Figure 1: The population of the urban areas in 2010 of Selangor (Source: Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2010).
• Selangor has a total area of 8,104 km2 with 5.4 million inhabitants in 2010. • This is approximately 20% of Malaysia’s total population
6
Method used to produce suitability index map
Figure 2: The summary of overall procedure applied 7
Figure 3: The mean suitability index and standard deviation 8
Table 1: The land use of the candidate sites
9
Map validation
10
Map validation• Visual assessment of the map with the interpolated
water quality data. – Determine the differences between maps – Whether it were consistent with the physical
characteristic
11
Figure 4: River water stations from DOE 12
Figure 6: The interpolation of BOD in the whole Selangor with
IDW
Figure 5: The interpolation of COD with IDW 13
Figure 8: The interpolation of TSS in the whole Selangor with IDW
14
Figure 7: The interpolation of Coliform in the whole Selangor with
IDW
Figure 10: The interpolation of E. coli with IDW
15
Figure 9: The interpolation of Cl with IDW
Figure 11: PO4 and NH3NL level in Selangor 16
MAP VALIDATION
+
Overlay the maps
Figure 12: The overlay process of the map 17
The output….
Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map 18
Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map 19
Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map 20
Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map 21
22
Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map
Table 3: The summary of candidate sites determined with high concentration of water quality parameters on the overlay map.
23
CONCLUSIONS • Suitability index map in Sharifah Norkhadijah
(2011) is not consistent with the water quality parameters analysed in this study.
• Areas designated as high suitability was reported with high level of contaminants – locate landfill on these areas will worsen the environment
• Except for C8, C10, C11 & C12.
24
Thank you
25