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2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
Getting R&D Priorities Right
Rushdi Abdul Rahim
28th February 2012
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
Science & Technology Support
BACKGROUND
• National Technology Foresight study commissioned by MOSTI in September 2010;
• National Science & Research Council approved on Dec 2010 by the Cabinet.
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
R&D GOVERNANCE
Priority Setting Mechanism for R&D
R&D Evaluation & Outcome Monitoring
Prime Minister’s Office
EXPERT WORKING GROUPS
Environmental Sciences
Advanced Materials Sciences
NATIONAL SCIENCE & RESEARCH COUNCIL
Agriculture Sciences
Life Sciences
Chemical Sciences
Mathematics & Physical Sciences
Computer Sciences & ICT
Health & Medical Sciences
Engineering Sciences
Humanities & Social Sciences
Secretariat MOSTI
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
THE NEEDS
• National R&D Priority Areas for :
– Streamlining national scientific research areas,
– Efficient distribution & utilisation of public funds,
– Focus in the strength & niche of Malaysia,
– Advancing Malaysian research and innovation to benefit the community; and
– Intensifying R&D funding (GERD).
• Strategic R&D Directions and Framework by:
– Establishing the National Science Act; and
– Formulation of the National Science, Technology & Innovation Policy.
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
THE APPROACH
Taking the mandates spelt out by the NSRC, the following was undertaken in prioritizing the R&D areas:
• Establishment of National R&D Framework
• Engagement of Expert Working Groups which represents 10 disciplines
• Analysis of existing National Focus Areas
• Benchmarking & comparative analysis of international R&D areas
• Assessment of global & local mega trends & issues
• Analysis of Malaysia’s R&D strengths & weaknesses as well as analyzing its opportunities & threats
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
VISION 2020/NEM
HIGH INCOME FULLY DEVELOPED NATION & ECONOMY
R&D PRIORITY AREAS
High Income Inclusiveness Sustainability
R&D GOALS
Strategies • Develop • Partnership • Acquire
Legal Framework
TRENDS & DRIVERS
New Discoveries & Knowledge Generation
Competitiveness Societal Wellbeing
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS
FUN
DIN
G
PO
LICIE
S
Human Capital Infrastructure Facilities
Support
Competencies
Career Path
Areas 1 Areas 2 Areas 3 Areas 4
ISSUES & PROBLEMS
NATIONAL R&D FRAMEWORK
SCENARIOS
Foresight
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
Applying the Composite Science and Technology Innovation Index (COSTII) set of indicators, Malaysia ranked significantly behind in R&D intensity compared to other OECD countries
Item Indicators
Activities
Investment in R&D
1. Total amount of R&D investment (million USD, PPP) 2. Ratio of total R&D investment per GDP 3. R&D investment per researcher 4. Ratio of industrial R&D investment vis-à-vis GDP
Entrepreneurial Activities
1. Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) (Age group of 18 to 64) 2. Ratio of investment of venture capital vis-à-vis GDP
BENCHMARKING S&T DEVELOPMENT
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
BENCHMARKING FOCUS AREAS COUNTRIES GERD/GDP (%) AREAS
South Korea • Automotive • Shipbuilding • Machinery & manufacturing • Semiconductor • Display • IT based convergent technologies • Medical & healthcare • Advance logistic • Communication & broadcasting • Construction • Space & Ocean • Nuclear • Health & safety • Energy & resources • Climate change & environment • Convergent/composite material •
Finland • ICT • Electronics / electro-technical • Machine / metal products • Forestry •
Japan • Life sciences • IT • Nanotech • Materials • Environmental sciences • Energy • Infrastructure • Oceans • Outer space •
Singapore • Environmental and Water Technologies • Interactive and Digital Media • Manufacturing clusters ; electronics, chemicals, engineering and biomedical sciences •
UK • Arts and Humanities • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences • Engineering and Physical Sciences • Economic and Social • Medical • Natural Environment • Science and Technology Facilities • Defence •
China • Energy resources and environmental protection • IT, new materials and manufacturing • Agriculture, population and health • Space and ocean technology • Basic sciences and frontier technology •
Brazil • Biotechnology • Nanotechnology • Biofuels • renewable bio-energy •
Malaysia
4.0
3.45
3.18
2.60
1.73
1.50
1.28
0.82
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
6 national key result areas
12 national key economic areas
11 development areas
12 manufacturing sectors 8 non government business areas
9 National technology foresight areas 6 Mega science areas
Niche priority areas
NATIONAL FOCUS AREAS
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
FOCUS AREAS COMPARISONS
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
STAKEHOLDERS ENGAGEMENT
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
STAKEHOLDERS ENGAGEMENT
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
STAKEHOLDERS ENGAGEMENT
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
STAKEHOLDERS ENGAGEMENT
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
• Reduce dependency of import on staple food and increase the level of self sufficiency
LON
G T
ER
M
GO
ALS
FOOD SECURITY
Local • Malaysia's food imports considerably outstrips it export bill.
In 2010, Malaysia's food import bill amounted to RM 40.5 billion for agricultural based products.
• In the ETP, food security issues are highlighted in agriculture key economic area . Total of RM18.9 billion would be invested to boost food supply.
• The total Malaysia fisheries production has increased from RM 5.2 billion in 2005 to RM 8.6 billion in 2009; a growth of 64.9%. However, 70% of the fish are imported.
Global • The OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook (2009-2018)
predicts that demand for food will grow by 50 % by 2030 and 70 % by 2050. By 2050, it is expected that the world's population will reach a staggering 9 billion.
• More people die each year from hunger and malnutrition than from AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria combined . In 2009, the FAO projects world hunger to reach a historic high with 1.02 billion people going hungry every day.
• The World Bank estimates that one hectare of land will need to feed 5 people in 2025, whereas in 1960 one hectare was required to feed only 2 people.
• More people die each year from hunger and malnutrition than from AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria combined . In 2009, the FAO projects world hunger to reach a historic high with 1.02 billion people going hungry every day.
FAC
TS
/ ME
GA
TR
EN
DS
• Improvement of animal feedstock and breeding of food crops adapted to climate change;
• Exploitation of biodiversity for novel food/feed. Source: US Dept. of Agriculture; Food &
Agricultural Policy Research Institute
FOC
US
A
RE
AS
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
Yield
still unrealised
70% are imported
7.6% price increase
700 million coconuts needed a year but was only 400 million was
produced annually
Price for deep sea fishes had increased between 20% and 30%
Market prices of imported mutton from Australia has gone up on an average of
12%
Current paddy yield was just ≈
3.7 tonnes
GLOBAL FOOD OUTPUT WILL HAVE
TO RISE BY 70%
Many reasons explain the present escalation in food prices. Climate change is one. The use of food crops to produce fuel for vehicles is another factor. Related to this is the scarcity of land areas for agriculture. While increase in global population particularly middle class in recent years led to significant growth in food consumption.
INFLATION
4.6 %
8.4% 10.2%
11.7%
6.2%
≈ 930 tonnes unconsumed food discarded daily Doubled over the past three years.
FOOD
FOOD SECURITY
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
10 EWGs
PRIORITIZATION PROCESS • Alignment to national priorities • Economic & industrial impact • Knowledge generation • Social & societal impact • National competitiveness • Novelty
• Application potential & diffusion
• Cost effectiveness • Material & infrastructure • People & competencies • Technology readiness &
maturity • Time horizon of impact
Feasibility Attractiveness
National Issues
Global Issues
> 500 Candidates of research areas
x R&D PRIORITY AREAS
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
EWGs CONSULTATION
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
Areas in relation to the general well being of the nation and the society, addressing national issues as well as those that will enable the country to cope with global issues
Knowledge generation & strengthening the areas of fundamental science, social sciences as well as the cross cutting & converging technologies
National & Global Issues
S&T Enablers
THE RECOMMENDATIONS
• Cyber Security • Energy Security • Environment & Climate Change • Food Security
• Medical & Healthcare • Plantation Crops & Commodities • Transport & Urbanization • Water Security
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
MOVING FORWARD
Initiatives in progress to achieve the following:-
• Endorsement & adoption of the National R&D Priority areas;
• Policies to increase the allocation of >1% GERD/GDP ;
• Creation of Programmes for High Impact R&D in the priority areas identified.
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
Dato' Dr. Mahani Zainal Abidin Member National Economic Advisory Council
“What is being done today is to set or mapped out the technology foresight but the utmost important thing is to explain and illuminate to the industry and the stakeholders, which include researchers and policy makers about the findings and the likely technologies going to be in the future. I believe that what we are doing today is just the beginning… there is still a lot more work to do after this…”
Dr. Kamarulzaman "Dr. K" Mohamed Zin Chief Executive Officer
Silterra Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.
“The basic human weakness is we tend to overestimate the short-term impact but at the same time under
estimate the long-term impact. The Government needs to consistently ask question. But the fact that
we are going through the process of Foresight shows that we are at a good start…”
Tan Sri Dato’ Dr Ahmad Mustafa Babjee Fellow Akademi Sains Malaysia
“Foresight is important every where in the world because there is a need to learn from the past and the present in order to shape the future. Forecasting by imagination is insufficient …This attempt is just a start and must be continued…”
STAKEHOLDERS THOUGHTS
2012. UK-Malaysia Partners in Science Symposium
Thank You
rushdi@might.org.my