TSEM 102: Plagiarism and APA StyleLaksamee Putnam – Research & Instruction Librarian

Slides: http://bit.ly/TSEM2014class3

First… Laksamee Putnam lputnam@towson.edu Cook Library Reference:

410.704.2462. IM/email

Phone: 410.704.3746. Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU Albert S. Cook facebook profile Slides: http://bit.ly/TSEM2014class3

Agenda Class discussion

APA citation style

APA worksheet

Slides: http://bit.ly/TSEM2014class3

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Plagiarism: Maybe it’s not so bad (2013) On the media podcast. http://wny.cc/1dNVisf

Pretchel, J. (2014) Now Shia LaBeouf is plagiarizing Kenneth Goldsmith. Gapers Block. http://bit.ly/1iLsSHs

• Kenneth Goldsmith suggests that music and art are built on plagiarism, and now the internet is making that possible for text. What do you think of his philosophy and the implications of “patchwriting”?

• So, Shia LaBeouf is plagiarizing Kenneth Goldsmith, whose work is all about creative plagiarism. What makes some plagiarism “wrong” or “right”?

Pre-class citationCite this article: http://bit.ly/RYQ2Nz

Kinlaw, C.R., Dunlap, L.L., & D’Angelo, J.A. (2012). Relations between faculty use of online academic resources and student class attendance. Computers & Education, 59(2), 167-172. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.028

APA Style Citations

APA Style References

Style Manuals

Different disciplines use different style manuals

Social Sciences = American Psychological Association (APA)

Humanities = MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (MLA)

The point is… Acknowledge where you found the

information Briefly identify the source Allows others to find additional

information

What needs to be cited? Books Web Pages Magazine articles Graphics VHS,DVD, audio, etc. Government reports Statistics Encyclopedia articles Any source of information!

What needs to be cited? Direct quotes Ideas borrowed Paraphrased material

In-text Citation needs: Direct Quote

All authors’ last names Year of publication Page number

Paraphrase All authors’ last names Year of publication

Direct Quote: In-text citation As researchers Yanovski and Yanovski

(2002) have explained, obesity was once considered “either a moral failing or evidence of underlying psychopathology” (p. 592).

OR A relationship is defined as “the

interdependence between two or more people” (Coombs, 2001, p.106).

Direct Quote: In-text citation Longer than 40 words?

Indented five spaces from left margin in block format

Usually it is better to paraphrase

The wrong way to paraphrase:Failure to Cite Source Original “They desire, for

example, virtue and the absence of vice, no less really than pleasure and the absence of pain.”

Source: Mill, John Stuart. “Utilitarianism.” On Liberty and Other Essays. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. Quote is from page 169.

Paraphrase People want

morality just as much as they want happiness.

The wrong way to paraphrase:Lack of Significant Rewording Original “To the young

American architects who made the pilgrimage, the most dazzling figure of all was Walter Gropius, founder of the Bauhaus School.”

Source: Wolfe, Tom. From Bauhaus to Our House. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1981. Quote is from page 10.

Paraphrase To young American

architects who went to Germany, the most dazzling figure was Walter Gropius, founder of the Bauhaus School (Wolfe, 1981).

In-text Citations More than one author

Two authors Greenfield and Savage (1990) (Greenfield & Savage, 1990, p. 567)

Three to five authors You must first identify all of the authors either in the signal phrase or the

first citation. Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) believed… (Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, & Bever, 1979)

After you have identified all, you may use “et al.” Terrace et al. (1979) stated…… (Terrace et al., 1979)

Six or more authors Use first authors last name and then et al.

In-text Citations Organization as author

Government or other organization Use organization name as author in signal

phrase Use organization in parenthetical citation

The National Institute of Mental Health (2001)…

(National Institute of Mental Health, 2001)

Special cases If you have more than one author with

the same last name, use the first initial in the citation (Smith, A., 2002)

If you have more than one work in the same year by the same author, use letters a, b, c, etc. to indicate correct source (Entman, 2004a)

References The in-text citation must match up with the references

entry

Use the heading “References” at the top of a new page

List entries alphabetically Author’s last name (if no author, then by organization name or

title)

Double space each entry

No extra spaces between entries

If over one line, entry should have a hanging indent

References - Website Create a reference for this website

Author or sponsoring organization:

Last update or Copyright date?:

Title of page:

Format if applicable:

Retrieved from:

References - Website Create a reference for this website

Author or sponsoring organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services

Last update or Copyright date?: (n.d.).

Title of page: What is cyberbullying.

Format if applicable:

Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-it/index.html

Website exampleU.S. Department of Health & Human Services.

(n.d.). What is cyberbullying. Retrieved from http://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-it/index.html

Notes: 1. If you can’t find a date n.d. is inserted as an abbreviation for No Date2. Format is inserted between [brackets] and can be used for [Video file]

[Brochure] etc.3. Date retrieved is only required if content is likely to change

References – Books Create a reference for this book

Book authors or editors: Last name First letter of first name and middle initial

Date of publication:

Book Title:

Publication information: City and state Publisher

References – Books Create a reference for this book

Book authors or editors: Grant, J.

Date of publication: (1994).

Book Title: I hate school!: Some common sense answers for educators & parents who want to know why & what to do about it

Publication information: Rosemont, NJ: Modern Learning Press.

Book ExampleGrant, J. (1994). I hate school!: Some common sense

answers for educators & parents who want to know why & what to do about it. Rosemont, NJ: Modern Learning Press.

Notes:

1. Periods must follow first letter of author’s name and middle initial, publication date, book title, and publisher.

2. Book title is always in italics.

3. Only capitalize the first letter of book title, any letter following a colon (:), and proper nouns.

References – Journals Create a reference for this journal article

Article author: Last name First letter of first name and middle initial

Date of publication:

Article title:

Periodical title:

Publication information: Volume number and issue number (if available) Page numbers

Digital Object Identifier number:

References – Journals Create a reference for this journal article

Article author: Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A.

Date of publication: (2011).

Article title: Atom surprise: Using theatre in primary science education.

Periodical title: Journal of Science Education & Technology,

Publication information: 20(5), 508-524.

Digital Object Identifier number: doi:10.1007/s10956-011-9299-yx

Journal ExamplePeleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A. (2011). Atom surprise: Using

theatre in primary science education. Journal of Science Education & Technology, 20(5), 508-524. doi:10.1007/s10956-011-9299-y

Notes:

1. Periods must follow first letter of author’s first and middle initial, publication date, article title, and publication information.

2. A comma will follow the author’s last name, first initial (if more than one author), journal title and volume number.

3. Article title is never italicized – always written normal.

4. Always italicize: journal title, volume number, and the commas before and after volume number. Journal title follows capitol case lettering.

5. Only capitalize the first letter of article title, any letter following a colon (:), and proper nouns.

6. Place a space between author first name and middle initial

Journal Articles Extra Info Articles retrieved from a database such as

EBSCO or PsycINFO do not need to include database information

Articles not including a doi number should contain the journal URL after the page numbers such as Retrieved from http://js.sagamorepub.com/pe

Common Knowledge Quandary Some examples:

Waste not, want not. George Washington was the first

president of the US The earth is round

When in doubt, cite it.

Library Resources for APA

Practice creating citations Go here to complete the plagiarism

worksheet http://bit.ly/TSEM2014apa Please ask if you have questions!

Please provide feedback for ALL the library sessions here http://bit.ly/H84lfx

Questions? Feel free to contact me:

Laksamee Putnam lputnam@towson.edu 410.704.3746. Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU

Or any reference librarian: Visit Cook Library Reference Desk 410.704.2462. IM – tucookchat