Transcript of Trading Patterns-Reformation SOL Review. Major Trading Patterns Silk Road- overland trade route that...
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- Trading Patterns-Reformation SOL Review
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- Major Trading Patterns Silk Road- overland trade route that
carried goods from the Mediterranean cultures across Mesopotamia,
Persia, and Central Asia to China and back Maritime Routes (Indian
Ocean)- brought Chinese products by sea to destinations around the
Indian Ocean and beyond
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- Major Trading Patterns Trans-Saharan Routes- trade of gold and
salt
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- Major Trading Patterns Mediterranean Trade Network- linked up
with the Silk Road, Indian Ocean, and Trans-Saharan Routes to
distribute products to Mediterranean ports (connected Europe to
North Africa, Byzantine Empire, and Muslim Empires)
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- Renaissance Definition- period of rebirth and creativity
Humanism- study of classical culture and focused on worldly
subjects rather than on religious issues (differed from Middle
Ages- focus was on salvation and the church)
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- Renaissance Italian Renaissance- stressed education and revival
of classical themes Northern Renaissance- stressed education and
the revival of classical themes + religious and moral reform
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- Painters and their Accomplishments Michelangelo Leonardo da
Vinci
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- Writers and their accomplishments ErasmusPraise of Folly
William Shakespeare
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- World Religions (Judaism) Founder- Abraham Holy Book Torah Main
Beliefs- Ten Commandments (moral and religious conduct) Location in
1500 Europe and Middle East Location Today North America and
Israel
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- World Religions (Christianity) Founder Jesus Holy Book Bible
Main Beliefs Jesus is the Son of God, life after death, New
Testament (life of Jesus) Location in 1500 Europe and Middle East
Location Today North America, South America, and Europe
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- World Religions (Islam) Founder Muhammad Holy Book Quran Main
Beliefs Muhammad (prophet) & Five Pillars + Mecca & Medina
(holy cities), Sunni and Shia (sects) Location in 1500 Southeastern
Europe, North Africa, and Asia Location Today Asia, North Africa,
and Middle East
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- World Religions (Hinduism) Founder N/A Holy Book Vedas and
Upanishads Main Beliefs Caste System, Reincarnation, Karma, and
Dharma Location in 1500 India & Southeast Asia Location Today -
India
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- World Religions (Buddhism) Founder- Siddhartha Gautama Holy
Book N/A Main Beliefs - Four Noble Truths, Reincarnation, Karma,
Dharma, Eightfold Path Location in 1500 East and Southeast Asia
Location Today East and Southeast Asia
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- Reformation (Four Major Problems) Usury (supported by
merchants/opposed by Church) Italian Domination (German and English
upset) Corruption (Indulgences and simony) Church misuse of
power
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- Martin Luther Major Issue sale of indulgences Actions - created
95 Theses (arguments against indulgences) and posted them on the
door of Wittenbergs All Saints Church- believed indulgences had no
basis in the Bible Salvation - Faith Alone (only needed to believe
to get to heaven) Views about the Bible only source of religious
truth (do not need a priest to interpret it for you)
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- John Calvin Bible only source of religious truth Salvation
predestination (god had long ago determined who would gain
salvation saints and sinners) Church Hierarchy theocracy
(government run by church leaders) Religious practices hard work,
discipline, honesty, mortality, etc (want people to believe that
you are among the saints)
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- English Reformation Henry VIII Defender of the Faith (attacked
Luther for the Catholic Church) + Broke with Rome(wanted a male
heir) = Anglican Church (Elizabeth I) + Act of supremacy made king
or queen of England head of the Church + took land and wealth from
Catholic Church in England
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- Impact of Reformation Peace of Augsburg allowed German princes
to select religion (protestant or catholic) Thirty Years War- Holy
Roman Emperor wanted to stop the spread of Protestantism (war
between Protestants and Catholics) + Germany remained divided
Cardinal Richelieu (France) changed conflict from religious to
political Anglican church - Church of England Edict of Nantes
religious freedom for French Protestants (Huguenots)
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- Catholic Reformation Jesuits - seek out and punish heretics +
spread Catholic Faith Inquisition enforce catholic doctrine/punish
heretics Successful- stopped spread of Protestantism and some came
back to the Catholic Church
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- Changing Cultural Values, Traditions, and Philosophies Growth
of Secularism (opposite of religious), individualism (humanism),
and religious tolerance No longer a unified Church in Europe
(multiple Christian groups)
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- Printing Press Invented by Gutenberg Bible- first book printed
Books became cheaper/knowledge increased
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- Homework #s 1-30, 203-207 Next class: Quiz on this information
for the warm-up! 15 Multiple choice questions