Post on 26-Dec-2019
Toyota Fuelling the Future
Jon Hunt Toyota GB
Mr. Toyoda’s Dream Machine -(Mugen Doryoku)
“Creating a car driven by the power from air and solar”
— Words of Mr. Sakichi Toyoda ( Founder of Toyota group) in early 20th Century to his son Kichiro Toyoda (founder of Toyota Motor Corp in 1938)
Sustainability At The Heart Of Toyota
6th Environmental PlanOct.2015
Pioneering EV Technology
HYBRID
Engine
Motor
Battery
Fuel Tank
• Modular technology• World’s first mass market full hybrid
1997• Has a full EV powertrain • Proved EV suitable for mass market• 10m sold • Toyota the world leader in EV and
battery
EV Tech Leader -Patents Filed 2010-16
Power electronics
Traction Electric MotorsToyota granted more patents related to alternative-powered vehicles than any other company.
Traction batteries
Sources: Reuters Thomson 05/16 & APC Low Carbon Automotive propulsion Technologies report 2016
Pioneering EV Technology
Using hybrid technology for Plug-In, EV
HYBRID
Engine
Motor
Battery
Fuel Tank
PLUG-IN HYBRID
Engine
Motor
Battery
Fuel Tank
ELECTRIC
Motor
Battery
• Battery cost high
• Convenience• Time• Space
Pure EV Also Limited By Grid Capacity
Too much renewable – no storage possible
Curtailment charges – supply exceeds demand/ capacity
Not enough power available when needed
Pioneering EV Technology
Using hybrid technology for Plug-In, EV and Fuel Cell
HYBRID
Engine
Motor
Battery
Fuel Tank
PLUG-IN HYBRID
Engine
Motor
Battery
Fuel Tank
ELECTRIC
Motor
Battery
Hybrid to Hydrogen > 25 yr + development
FUEL CELL
Motor
Battery
H2
Tank
FC Stack
Mirai - World’s first mass produced dedicated hydrogen vehicle.
means “Future” in Japanese
We regard FCV as the ultimate environmentally friendly vehicle: same level of convenience as that offered by
ICE
Mirai 7th Generation Toyota FCV
1996 1999 2002 2005 2011 201520092001
FCV-R Fuel Mirai
precursor
FCHV Toyota-made tanks, 1st
FCV homologated
FCHV-4 Fuel Hydrogen stored in high-pressure tanks
FCEV Fuel H2 Stored in adsorbing
alloy
MiraiRevolutionary
Titanium stack, 3.1 kW/L world record
FCHV-adv Fuel New stack,
stainless steel cells
FCHV-5 Fuel Hydrogen generated
on-board by reforming on gasoline
FCHV-3 Fuel Hydrogen
(adsorbing alloy)
1992
FCVProgramme
start
Dedicated FCV
Toyota Proprietary Technology
Power control unit Motor Battery
Toyota
HV technology
Toyota FC technology
FC stack High-pressure hydrogen tanks
Toyota Fuel Cell Stack
Volume
-43%Weight
-48%Power
+26%
2008 MODEL FUEL STACK MIRAI FUEL STACK
1.4 Kw/L(Maximum output: 90 kW/volume: 64L; weight: 108kg)
200 cells x dual-line stacking = 400 cells
3.1 Kw/L : world’s highest(Maximum output: 114 kW / volume: 37L; weight: 56kg)
Single-line stacking370 cells
Humidifierless – world’s first
2.2 times better volume power density
Toyota State Of The Art H2 Tank
Cylindrical section
Boundary section
Dome section
Boss
Plastic liner
Carbon fibre-reinforced plastic layer
Glass fibre-reinforced plastic layer
-40% carbon fiber
material used
700 bar
Delivering an Eco Car as easy as a conventional car
0 emission
except water range
300m* 3-5min refuel
£ same aspetrol
*average : 342 range according to NEDC
154hp
9.6s
0-62mph
111mph
top speed
335Nm
torque
Fuel Cell – no fixed life
• At mass production cheaper than ICE
• No moving parts = no wear
• Little to go wrong
• FC will last longer than the life of the car
• Virtually no maintenance
• Fuel tank replacement at 20 years
• Changes traditional residual value model
1,500 Japan - on sale Jan. 2015 1,200 USA - on sale Oct. 2015130 Europe - Oct. 2015 (UK,DG, DK), Jun 2016 (NO,NL,BE,)
2,800 sold
Sales in the UK• 28 registered
• Business Customers
• First vehicles 30,000 miles +
Infrastructure - hubsOpen now:• 5 London• 1 Swindon• 1 Sheffield • 1 Aberdeen
Opening 2017• 1 Aberdeen• 2 Shell stations London• 1 Baglan S. Wales• 1 Swindon• 1 Mobile
Public authorities / governments
Collaboration to Create H2 society
Energy and infrastructure
providers Customers
Vehicle manufacturers
HYDROGEN COUNCIL :-Global Energy Commitment
Thirteen leading energy, transport and industrial companies with
objective to foster the energy transition.
> $9bn to invest
UK CO2 Emissions 2010-2050 Target - transport and electricity biggest reduction
Air quality must be improvedPopulation living at different levels of pollution
1 millionpeople
AsiaAfricaEurope
North AmericaSouth AmericaOceania
X%
Percent of urban population
2x 5x 10x 15x5x to 10x 10x to 15x2x to 5x1x to 2xUnder WHO
guidelines (10ug/m3)
Over 15x
Equivalent to the population of Delhi
More than 99% of global population live where air pollution above current WHO guideline
Source: World Bank, 2014, WHO 2014 NOTE: Africa is underrepresented since only 8 African cities reported emissions in 2014 (population of 42M)
17% 3%51%26%1% 1%
39 UK areas breaching PM limits
• NOx & other emission issues
• London Congestion and Toxic charges
• Government confirmed five more Clean
Air Zones in UK by 2020 : Birmingham,
Leeds, Nottingham, Derby and
Southampton
2015 DEFRA
Combustion era goes up
in smoke May 11 2016
Automotive Powertrains Must Change
Accelerate Adoption of technology
Source UKERC (2015) innovation timelines
40 years + for mass market adoption
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Lithium ion rechargeable batteries
Video cassette Recorder (VCR)
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) TV
Mobile Phone
Nuclear Power
Wind Electricity
Solar Photovoltaics
Car
Invention development and demonstration Market deployment
Cost Reduction
ItemNumber of patents
to be freeFree use period
FC stack
High-pressure hydrogen tanks
FC system control
Hydrogen station
Approx. 1,970
Approx. 290
Approx. 3,350
Approx. 70
Until the end
of 2020
No expiration
Toyota share all 5,860 patents for freeto accelerate the spread of FCV
Collaboration- Patent sharing
Toyota FCV sales plan in 2020
GLOBAL:More than 30,000/year around 2020
Toyota H2 applications growing
Toyota Forklift
Toyota Fuel Cell Bus project – 100 buses for Tokyo 2020
Mobility roadmap
Evs: Short-range HVs & PHVs: General use FCVs: Medium- to long-range
Veh
icle
siz
e
Travel distance
Electricity Gasoline, diesel, biofuels, CNG, synthetic fuels, etc.
Hydrogen
EVs
HVs/PHVs
FCVs
FCVPassenger
vehicles
Evs: Short-range FCVs: Medium- to long-range
Renewables & CO2 Free HydrogenENERGY PRODUCTION
Geothermal
Wind powerSolar power
Biomass Byproduct hydrogenBiomass
ElectrolyticCO2-free hydrogen
Micro hydropower
MANUFACTURING
Battery use
Stationary FC
Manufacturing
Rapid charging system
PHV EV FCV FC busFC forklift
EV station
Emergencypower
TRANSPORT & HOME
Hydrogen station
Thank You jon.hunt@tgb.toyota.co.uk