Towards a developing local capacity Towards a developing local capacity and self-sufficiency in disaster

information and managementinformation and management

ENRICO C. PARINGITENRICO C. PARINGITProgram Leader, DREAM Program

Associate Professor, University of the Philippines

The geographic and geologic setting of the Philippines (part of Pacific Ring of Fire and Pacific Ring of Fire and Earthquake Belt) make it prone to various hazards,including:

weather and climate-relatedvolcano-relatedearthquake-related (tsunami)earthquake-related (tsunami)

Three of deadliest typhoons occcured the past three years:

Dec 2011 – TS Washi – 1,268Dec 2011 – TS Washi – 1,268Dec 2012 – TY Bopha – 1,901Nov 2013 – TY Haiyan -Nov 2013 – TY Haiyan -

Are we helping build resilient communities?

Orchids Subdivision located at the river mouth (estuary) of MandulogRiver, Iligan City in Mindanao after typhoon Sendong Dec 2011 In“Washi”

http://gdis.denr.gov.ph/mgbviewer/http://gdis.denr.gov.ph/mgbviewer/Accessed: 18 September 2013

The NationwideThe NationwideDisaster Risk and

Exposure Exposure Assessment

for Mitigation for Mitigation (DREAM) LIDAR Program

Program Duration: Two (2) years from 2012 extended to Dec 2014 2012 extended to Dec 2014 Funding source: Department of Science and Technology (DOST) thru Grants-in-Aid ProgramAid ProgramTotal Program personnel: 90 persons in peak periodProgram Implementors:Program Implementors:

University of the PhilippinesTCAGP: LiDAR Acquisition, Validation and ProcessingTCAGP: LiDAR Acquisition, Validation and ProcessingEstablished a Program Office at the UP National Engineering CenterUP National Engineering CenterNational Institute of Geological Sciences (NIGS) VTEC Lab: Flood MappingMapping

Data LiDAR Data

LiDAR Data Validation

Flood ModellingaData

Acquisition

LiDAR Data

Processing

Validation and River Geometry

measurement

Modellingand

Mapping

TrainingTraining

OBJECTIVE: to generate OBJECTIVE: to generate finer-scale flood hazard maps and inundation models maps and inundation models to be used for 6-hr early warningwarningSurveyed the 18 major river basins (RBs) prone to basins (RBs) prone to flooding through airborne LIDAR (3D mapping)LIDAR (3D mapping)3D maps were used for flood simulation for different rainfall simulation for different rainfall events

Aircrafts used for LIDAR operationAircrafts used for LIDAR operation

RP-C9122 RP-C90122

DREAM Rapid Topographic LIDAR System was deployed to Davao to capture

RP-C9322

DREAM Rapid Topographic LIDAR System was deployed to Davao to capture topographic data over Compostela last Jan 15 due to typhoon Pablo; deployed to Tacloban on 21 January for topographic and bathymetric mapping

LIDAR sensor 2 + RGB++ Full wave form

LIDAR Sensor (full-wave) 1 + RGB Camera

Topographic (for land) LIDARTopographic Topographic (for land) LIDARTopographic

LIDAR Sensor 3 + CASI LIDAR Sensor (full-wave) 1 + RGB Camera RGB Camera

Bathymetric (for water) LIDARTopographic

HyperspectralControlRackRack

LIDAR SensorHyperspectral

SensorFull wave formDigitizer

LIDAR Control RackControl Rack

Aircraft Modification LiDAR Operators’ Training

LiDAR Installation LiDAR Inaugural Flight

LIDAR Derived Digital Surface Model (DSM)

Orchid Subdivision, Iligan City

LIDAR Derived Digital Terrain Model (DTM)

Orchid Subdivision, Iligan City

“Hidden rivers”“Hidden rivers”

Data Validation and Bathymetry SurveysData Validation and Bathymetry Surveys

The DREAM Program also developed skills for field measurements and river hydrography

Watershed discharge model

Hydraulic 2D model

3D Visualisation of the Flood Model derived using LIDAR data for the MandulogRiver, Iligan City. 1 in 100 year event modelled, flood depth shown.

Orchid Subdivision, Iligan City

© Image from 1 in 100 year flood model produced by the DREAM-LIDAR component of Project NOAH. Modelled flood depth is shown overlain on the surveyedaerial photo and LIDAR Digital Surface Model.

3D Visualisation of the Flood Model derived using LIDAR data for the MandulogRiver, Iligan City. 1 in 100 year event modelled, flood depth shown.

Orchid Subdivision, Iligan City

© Image from 1 in 100 year flood model produced by the DREAM-LIDAR component of Project NOAH. Modelled flood depth is shown overlain on the surveyedaerial photo and LIDAR Digital Surface Model.

3D Visualisation of the Flood Model derived using LIDAR data for the MandulogRiver, Iligan City. 1 in 100 year event modelled, flood depth shown.

Orchid Subdivision, Iligan City

© Image from 1 in 100 year flood model produced by the DREAM-LIDAR component of Project NOAH. Modelled flood depth is shown overlain on the surveyedaerial photo and LIDAR Digital Surface Model.

Visualization of Flooding Events for Information Dissemination

129mm rainfall in 24hrs

Development of Flood Advisory System based on Maps and Rainfall Data

190mm rainfall in 24hrs 240mm rainfall in 129mm rainfall in 24hrson Maps and Rainfall Data

190mm rainfall in 24hrs 240mm rainfall in 24hrs

Flood Advisory

#1

Flood Advisory

#2

Flood Advisory

#3#1 #2 #3

Projected Flood Extent (2020 climate scenario)

(Projected) (Projected) changes in

climateChanges in

Observed changes in

Changes in Hazard

changes in Environment

Changes in Changes in Vulnerability

Man’s actions Disaster

or or Resilience

?

Integrated Flood Information SystemIntegrated Flood Information System

HydroMet Sensors Network Flood Forecasting Network-Rainfall

- Water level-Doppler

Flood Forecasting Module

Hydrologic Parameters

Elevation Flood

Modeling

Flood Warning SystemElevation

Data (from LiDAR, etc.)

ModelingSystem

Public Infrastructure

Flood Hazard MapGeneration

Infrastructure Planning

Generation

Land Use Planning/Zoning

Exposure Mapping Planning/ZoningMapping

Deployment of online sensors

Devices designed and assembled by ASTI-DOSTDevices designed and assembled by ASTI-DOST

Measures- Wind Speed- Wind direction- Wind direction- Air Temperature- Air humidity- Air pressure- Rain amount, duration & duration & intensity Automated

Rain Gauge (ARG)

Automated Weather Station

Measures amount of rainfall over a period of time

9

Station (AWS)

time

LIDAR-based Modeling for Early Warning

Last 24 hours Next 24 hoursLast 24 hours Next 24 hours

Project NOAH App for Android and iOS availableProject NOAH App for Android and iOS available

Cagayan de Oro Flood Hazard Map (Ondoy-level rainfall intensity)(Ondoy-level rainfall intensity)

Improvement of Aloragat RiverImprovement of Aloragat RiverSite: Brgy. Labayug, Sison, PangasinanFrom DPWH Engineering District, Pangasinan

LIDAR Products for Flood Defense Planning and DesignLIDAR Products for Flood Defense Planning and Design

Improvement of Aloragat RiverImprovement of Aloragat RiverSite: Brgy. Labayug, Sison, PangasinanFrom DPWH Engineering District, Pangasinan, Philippines

Possessed capacity to provide geospatial information Possessed capacity to provide geospatial information at the highest level of detail and quality to support a more responsive disaster prevention strategy more responsive disaster prevention strategy Acquired Ability to respond to information needs for during and after emergency eventsInfrastructure: Availability of fine-scale elevation data cuts the planning and design phase by half the typical gestation timetypical gestation timeLeveraged the LIDAR products to foster open exchange and sharing of geospatial resources exchange and sharing of geospatial resources (data, computing) throughout the government

CDO after Pablo Dec 20122012

Reads:Reads:“Because we have now an instrument. These are early warning devices which were warning devices which were used in our) decision-making. We prepared in advance because of the early warning, because of the early warning, without) Pablo. And when it made landfall) we decided immediately to expand high-risk areas because there were areas because there were manifestation in early warning system that the rains and water currents were strong. We had currents were strong. We had enough time unlike in Sendongwhen no one was advising us)," Cuenca said.

Made it worthwhile for local experts Made it worthwhile for local experts and scientists to stay and contributeInduced creation of value-added job that trickle into the economythat trickle into the economyOpened a young industry for geospatial solutions, products and services outside the traditional services outside the traditional realms of surveying and mappingSaved precious government resources that could otherwise be resources that could otherwise be allocated to other critical services like health and educationRestored confidence in the Restored confidence in the Philippines in taking reducing impacts and bracing for real and potential disaster events.potential disaster events.

1.5 m

7.5-9 m

Modeling and Mapping done within a

From Lagmay, et al., (2013)

Modeling and Mapping done within a month after events

The Great Wall of Bohol as seen by DREAM LIDAR. Green triangles define The Great Wall of Bohol as seen by DREAM LIDAR. Green triangles define the previously unmapped fault traces. The mountains heaved 3 meters along the fault. Mapped one month after the October 13 Earthquake

Applications of Finer-Scale Elevation and Surface Data (from LIDAR)Surface Data (from LIDAR)

• Floodplain and drainage, mappingHazards and • Floodplain and drainage, mapping• Landslide susceptibility• Climate change (e.g. sea level rise)

Hazards and Disasters

• Agriculture, Fisheries, Forestry• Mining, Energy and Environment

Resource Inventory and Assessment • Mining, Energy and Environmentand Assessment

• Inventory of buildings and structures• Transportation routes

Infrastructure Planning and • Transportation routes

• Development corridorsPlanning and

Monitoring

• Land use and local development planning, zoning

• Revenue generation (tax mapping, real property administration)

Governance

administration)

Covers 300 other river systems in the Covers 300 other river systems in the Philippines

Will prioritize flood plain areas then v Will prioritize flood plain areas then the upland areas

Zambales and Bataan already covered

v

covered

Calabarzon area now being acquired

Tacloban – Leyte “Yolanda” area v

Tacloban – Leyte “Yolanda” area being covered

Government agencies are asked to send priority sites for flight planning send priority sites for flight planning purposes

A major program to acquire elevation data using airborne LiDAR is ongoing to cover major river systems in the Philippines for purposes ongoing to cover major river systems in the Philippines for purposes of flood modeling, hazard assessment and early warning.

Local capacity has been developed to acquire process and analyze Local capacity has been developed to acquire process and analyze LIDAR data for hazard applications.

The LIDAR data and products may also be used for other applications and especially for resource management applicationsand especially for resource management applications

Plans and programs are in place to sustain the operations of the LIDAR technology resources (instrument, processing systems, personnel) beyond its current project durationpersonnel) beyond its current project duration

Resource assessment of agriculture is a firm target for further developing LIDAR while now serving infra planning needsdeveloping LIDAR while now serving infra planning needs

Continuous research and development activities must be pursued and supported to further generate accurate, consistent and reliable information products.information products.