Transcript of Tobacco. People who smoke “light” or low-tar cigarettes reduce their risk of smoking- related...
- Slide 1
- Tobacco
- Slide 2
- People who smoke light or low-tar cigarettes reduce their risk
of smoking- related diseases compared to people who smoke other
cigarettes. True or False? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 2 False. Smokers who choose light
or low-tar cigarettes do not reduce tar intake or smoking-related
disease risks, nor is there any evidence that switching to light
cigarettes helps smokers quit.
- Slide 3
- Which of the following substances is found in tobacco smoke? A.
Acetone (nail polish remover) B. Ammonia (cleaner) C. Hexamine
(lighter fluid) D. Toluene (industrial solvent) Chapter eleven 2008
McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 3 All four. Tobacco
contains thousands of chemical substances, including many that are
poisonous or linked to the development of cancer.
- Slide 4
- Every day in the United States, about 1000 children and
adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 start smoking. True or
False? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights
Reserved. 4 False. The number is closer to 4000 children and
adolescents. The average age of a first-time smoker is 13.
- Slide 5
- Cigarette smoking increases the risk for which of the following
conditions? A. Facial wrinkling B. Miscarriage C. Impotence D.
Automobile crashes Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All
Rights Reserved. 5 All four. Cigarette smoking reduces the quality
of life and is the greatest preventable cause of death in the
United States.
- Slide 6
- A person who quits smoking now will reduce his or her risk of
lung cancer within 10 years. True or False? Chapter eleven 2008
McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 6 True. The lung cancer
rate of a former smoker is 50% of that of a continuing smoker
within 10 years of quitting.
- Slide 7
- Every cigarette a person smokes reduces life expectancy by
about 1 minute. True or False? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 7 False. Every cigarette reduces
the life expectancy by about 11 minutes; one carton represents a
day and a half of lost life.
- Slide 8
- History of Tobacco Use Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 8 Over the past 4 decades, the
proportion of cigarette smoking among adults in the U.S. has
dropped 30%. Almost every state now restricts smoking in public
places, and several have introduced statewide smoking bans for
indoor workplaces.
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- Despite progress Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All
Rights Reserved. 9 Tobacco use is still widespread. In 2005, 29.4%
of Americans age 12 and older reported having used tobacco in some
form during the past 30 days. Although the rate of tobacco use
declined slightly from 2002 to 2005, it remained unchanged from
2004 to 2005. Smoking is the leading cause of preventable illness
and premature death in the United States. Cigarette smoking is the
major single cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. and is responsible
for more deaths than all other drugs combined.
- Slide 10
- Who does it affect? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies.
All Rights Reserved. 10 Smoking has health effects on people at all
stages of life from unborn babies to seniors. Each year 440,000
Americans die prematurely from tobacco-related causes. This
accounts for nearly 1 in every 5 adult deaths each year. Male
smokers lose an average of 13.2 years of life and Female smokers
lose an average of 14.5 years of life.
- Slide 11
- Others? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights
Reserved. 11 Non-smokers, particularly children also suffer.
Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) causes more than
35,000 deaths annually among non- smokers. Smoking by pregnant
women is responsible for about 1000 infant deaths each year in the
U.S. Children exposed to ETS suffer higher rates of asthma,
bronchitis, and pneumonia. Smokeless tobacco use has tripled since
1972, and cigar use has increased 50% since 1993.
- Slide 12
- Use of Tobacco Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All
Rights Reserved. 12 People who use Tobacco 70 Million Americans,
nearly 4 million adolescents Each day more than 2000 teenagers
become regular smokers. At least one-third of them will die
prematurely. 2004, nearly 30% of Americans age 12 and older had
used tobacco during the past 30 days
- Slide 13
- Tobacco Substances 13 There are hundreds of chemical substances
in cigarette smoke. Three of the most damaging are: Tars Nicotine
Carbon Monoxide
- Slide 14
- Tar 14 Brown, sticky substance Tars damage delicate lung tissue
and are considered the main carcinogen in cigarette smoke.
Carcinogen cancer causing substance 1 pack-a-day smokers get almost
a liter of tar in their lungs in one year of smoking
- Slide 15
- Nicotine 15 Nicotine is found in tobacco leaves. It can be
extracted as a colorless, oily transparent liquid It is used in
solutions such as insecticides Nicotine can be smoked, inhaled,
absorbed or chewed. It is in cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco and
chewing tobacco. One drop of pure nicotine can be fatal to humans.
Nicotine is a psychoactive drug. It acts on the brain in much the
same way as cocaine and heroin.
- Slide 16
- How Nicotine Affects the Body Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 16 Nicotine is a powerful stimulant
to the brain and the central nervous system. It hits the brain
within 4 seconds of being used. Nicotine constricts the blood
vessels, cutting down the flow of blood and oxygen throughout the
body. This causes the heart to pump harder It raises the blood
pressure It narrows the bronchioles (air passageways) in the lungs,
depriving the body of oxygen Because of its effects on the heart
and the lungs nicotine increases the risk of heart disease and
stroke.
- Slide 17
- More About Nicotine Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies.
All Rights Reserved. 17 After Nicotine initially stimulates the
brain it has a depressant effect. Nicotine is addictive and
tolerance (needs more and more to get the desired effect) develops.
Teens are more vulnerable to nicotine than older adults Nicotine
addiction can start within a few days of smoking and after just a
few cigarettes A person can develop a dependency (needs it to feel
comfortable). Users need to have a constant flow of nicotine to the
brain. Users build their daily schedule around use. Over half of
those who smoke daily progress to dependence
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- Nicotine Withdrawal Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies.
All Rights Reserved. 18 A person suffers from withdrawal symptoms
(physical and psychological discomfort) when they try to stop
using. Cravings, insomnia, confusion, tremors, difficulty
concentrating, fatigue, muscle pains, headache, nausea,
irritability, anger, depression Most symptoms pass in 2 or 3 days,
the craving persists
- Slide 19
- Nicotine and Tobacco Research Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 19 The tobacco industry has long
maintained that nicotine has not been proven to be addictive.
Scientific evidence overwhelmingly shows to the contrary. Many
researchers consider nicotine to be the most physically addictive
of all psychoactive drugs According to a 2006 study, the amount of
nicotine in cigarettes increased by 10% between 1998 and 2004.
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- Carbon Monoxide 20 Carbon Monoxide replaces needed oxygen in a
persons red blood cells Even after a person stops smoking, carbon
monoxide stays in the bloodstream for hours, depriving the cells of
oxygen. Carbon Monoxide is a waste product of cigarette smoking,
car exhaust and unvented kerosene heaters.
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- Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
21
- Slide 22
- Other Components Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All
Rights Reserved. 22 43 chemicals in tobacco smoke are linked to
cancer (Carcinogen) Benzo(a)pyrene Urethane Cocarcinogens - Combine
with other chemicals to cause cancer Formaldehyde (embalming fluid)
Poisonous substances Arsenic (ant poison) Hydrogen cyanide (used as
method of execution in the U.S.) Carbon monoxide (exhaust fumes)
400 times greater than is considered safe in industrial workplaces
Displaces oxygen in red blood cells Additives Nearly 600
chemicals
- Slide 23
- Additives Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights
Reserved. 23 Some additives are regarded as safe when ingested but
when heated or burned can form carcinogens. Sugars and flavoring
agents as flavor enhancers and addictive components Licorice,
cocoa, honey When sugars burn they produce acetaldehyde, a chemical
that enhances the addictive effect of nicotine. Acetaldehyde is a
carcinogen
- Slide 24
- Other Additives Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All
Rights Reserved. 24 Ammonia (cleaning agent) Boosts the amount of
addictive nicotine Reduces acidity in smoke, allowing nicotine to
be more readily absorbed in the blood Potassium Citrate Aluminum
Clay All work to make cigarette smoke less obvious and
objectionable to the non-smoker.
- Slide 25
- Smokers Face: Another Reason to Quit the Habit Chapter eleven
2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 25 H:\Smokers Face
Chart.notebook Read the article and fill in the chart. What are the
smoking-related problems that affect women, affect men, and affect
women and men?
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- Health Hazards Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All
Rights Reserved. 26 Tobacco adversely affects nearly every part of
the body, including the Brain Stomach Mouth Reproductive
organs
- Slide 27
- The Long-Term Effects of Smoking Chapter eleven 27
Cardiovascular Diseases Coronary Heart Disease Smokers have a death
rate 70% higher than non-smokers Atherosclerosis (blockage in the
arteries) Smoking and exposure to ETS permanently accelerates the
rate of plaque accumulation in the coronary arteries Chest Pain
Heart Attack Stroke Aneurysm (blood vessel bursts)
- Slide 28
- Other Long-Term Effects 28 Lung Cancer Those who smoke 2 or
more packs-a-day have a lung cancer death rate 12-25 times greater
than those of nonsmokers. Evidence suggests after 1year without
smoking the risk of lung cancer decreases substantially; after 10
years the risk is reduced by half. Smoking is also linked to
cancers of the: Trachea Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Larynx Pancreas
Bladder Kidney Breast Cervix Stomach Liver Colon Skin
- Slide 29
- More Effects 29 Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD) From
constant exposure to dangerous chemicals and irritants, must work
harder to function adequately 4 th leading cause of death in the
U.S. Most common forms: Emphysema where walls of the air sacs of
the lungs lose elasticity and are gradually destroyed Chronic
Bronchitis cell lining of the bronchial tubes are inflammed,
producing excess mucus. Cigarette smokers are up to 18 times more
likely than nonsmokers to die from emphysema and chronic bronchitis
Pipe and cigar smokers are more likely to die than nonsmokers but
risk is smaller
- Slide 30
- Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.
30
- Slide 31
- Additional Health, Cosmetic, and Economic Concerns Chapter
eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 31 Ulcers
Impotence Reproductive health problems Dental diseases Diminished
physical senses Injuries Cosmetic concerns Economic costs
- Slide 32
- Cumulative Effects Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies.
All Rights Reserved. 32 Males before 15 yrs. old are half as likely
to live to 75 versus those who did not smoke Females with similar
habits reduce life expectancy by more than 10 years Female smokers
spend 17% more sick days in bed than nonsmokers Both men and women
show a greater rate of acute and chronic diseases
- Slide 33
- Environmental Tobacco Smoke Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 33 Environmental Tobacco Smoke
(ETS) Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Health and
Human Services and the U.S. Surgeon General have all concluded that
ETS is a known carcinogen. There is no safe level of exposure to
ETS Every year ETS causes thousands of deaths from lung cancer and
heart disease and is responsible for hundreds of thousands of
respiratory infections in young children.
- Slide 34
- Primary Sources of ETS Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 34 Primary Sources of ETS Home
Workplace Cars Restaurants and public places Policies to eliminate
smoking in the workplace and public places are increasing.
- Slide 35
- Second-hand Smoke 35 Second hand smoke Mainstream smoke Smoke
exhaled by the smoker Sidestream smoke Smoke from the burning end
of the cigarette Twice the tar and nicotine Three times the
benzo(a)pyrene, carbon monoxide and ammonia 85% of smoke in a room
is sidestream smoke In a typical home with the windows closed, it
takes about 6 hours for 95% of the airborne cigarette smoke
particles to clear Smoke from a cigar can be even more dangerous 30
times more carbon monoxide and 3 times as many carcionogenic
particles
- Slide 36
- ETS Effects 36 Develop cough, headaches, nasal discomfort, eye
irritation, throat irritation, breathlessness and sinus problems
Allergies will be exacerbated, increased asthma attacks 24-50%
increase in lung cancer risk Causes 3,000 deaths due to lung cancer
Contributes to about 35,000 overall deaths After just 30 minutes of
exposure to ETS, the endothelial function in the coronary arteries
of a healthy nonsmoker is reduced to the same level as that of
smokers. Carbon monoxide lingers in the bloodstream 5 hours
later.
- Slide 37
- Infants, Children, and ETS Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 37 Infants and Children are more
likely to develop Bronchitis, pneumonia,& respiratory
infections More complications from asthma Increased chance of SIDS
Low-birth weight Bronchitis Chemicals from smoking show up in
breast milk Children inhale three times more pollutants per unit of
body weight than adults.
- Slide 38
- Tobacco Mathematics $6.72 per pack Regular$6.14 per pack
Generic Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights
Reserved. 38 Marlboro Camel Virginia Slims Newport Winston Kool
Capri Misty Salem Tahoe Bailey Maverick
- Slide 39
- Tobacco Mathematics RegularGeneric Chapter eleven 2008
McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 39 2. $6.72 a pack 3.
$47.04 each week 4. $188.16 every month 5. $2,446.08 every year 6.
$9,784.32 every 4 years 7. $24,460.80 every 10 years 8. 7,300
cigarettes a year 9. 73,000 over a decade 2. $6.14 a pack 3. $42.98
each week 4. $171.92 every month 5. $2,234.96 every year 6.
$8,939.84 every 4 years 7. $22,349.60 every 10 years 8. 7,300
cigarettes a year 9. 73,000 over a decade
- Slide 40
- Smokeless Tobacco Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies.
All Rights Reserved. 40 Smokeless tobacco includes both chewing
tobacco and snuff Commonly called chew or dip Made from tobacco
leaves that are formed into loose-leaf, plugs, or twists. Can be
dry or moist Held in place between the gum and the lip or
cheek
- Slide 41
- Smokeless Tobacco Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies.
All Rights Reserved. 41 More than 6.5 million adults use smokeless
tobacco Nicotine is absorbed through the gums and lining of the
mouth 1 dip for 30 minutes = 2-3 cigarettes worth of nicotine
- Slide 42
- Effects of Smokeless Tobacco Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 42 Changes in the mouth can occur
even after only 2 weeks of use Gums and lips become dried and
irritated and may bleed Leukoplakia (white or red patches) may
appear can lead to oral cancer About 25% of regular spit tobacco
users have Gingivitis (gum disease) Cancers of the lip, tongue,
cheek, throat, gums, roof and floor of the mouth, and larynx
- Slide 43
- The Sean Marsee Story Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 43
- Slide 44
- Other forms of tobacco Chapter eleven 44 Cigars Cigarette
smoking among Maryland high school students has decreased since
2000 however cigar use has increased by more than 11% in the same
time Cigarette packs sold in Maryland have declined since 2000
however cigar sales have increased by more than 176% Cigars contain
more tobacco than cigarettes therefore contain more nicotine and
produce more tar. Cigars have a high concentration of nitrogen
compounds, some of the most potent carcinogens known.
- Slide 45
- More about Cigars 45 Flavored cigars are driving youth cigar
use In 2010 nearly 80% of underage high school cigar smokers
reported smoking flavored cigars In contrast only 4% of adults
smoke cigars and less than 2% of adults reported flavored cigar use
The most popular types of flavored cigars are small cigars called
cigarillos.
- Slide 46
- Cigarillos If you were a teen, which would you buy with your
pocket change? 46 How are cigarillos sold? Brightly colored,
attractive packaging Enticing fruit, candy and alcohol flavorings
Small packages or singles in front of stores at cash registers
Cheap, inexpensive prices Pack of 20 cigarettes $6.00Single cigar
69
- Slide 47
- Other forms of tobacco 47 Clover cigarettes and Bidis Imported
from primarily from Pakistan, India and Indonesia Clover cigarettes
contain twice the tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide Bidis contain
up to 4 times more nicotine and twice as much tar
- Slide 48
- What are Electronic Cigarettes? also known as E-Cigs
cigarette-shaped device contains a nicotine-based liquid that is
vaporized and inhaled used to simulate the experience of smoking
tobacco some are rechargeable manufactured by tobacco companies as
a safe product you can use anywhere Do you think this product is
safe for the user or others nearby? Why or why not?
- Slide 49
- Ingredients of E-cigarettes: The nicotine-based chamber
normally contain a mixture of: propylene glycol, a liquid alcohol
glycerin, a colorless liquid nicotine, a colorless oily liquid
found in tobacco flavorings Other types may use similar
ingredients, but without nicotine.
- Slide 50
- Components of E-Cigarettes:
- Slide 51
- Legal Status & FDA Regulation Age: In most states, the age
for purchasing e- cigarettes is a minimum of 18. The Vape it stores
in Salisbury and Delaware require customers to be 18 or older to
purchase from their websites or stores. There are issues with
underage e- cigarette users, but at least 41 states prohibit sales
of e-cigarettes to minors as of October 6, 2014.
http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/alternative-nicotine-products-e-cigarettes.aspx
- Slide 52
- Legal Status & FDA Regulation Are ingredients regulated? In
April 2011, the FDA issued a statement that they intend to regulate
e-cigarettes as tobacco products. (To date, the FDA has not taken
authority, and has left the e-cigarette unregulated.) E-cigarette
bans: Several state governments are processing/adding e-cigarettes
to their list of smoking bans. Several countries have banned the
sale of e-cigarettes. 41 states prohibit the sale of e-cigarettes
to minors
- Slide 53
- Other Problems associated CDC study finds dramatic increase in
e-cigarette related calls to Poison Centers (all 50 states and DC)
More than 50% of the calls involved young children under age 5;
mainly due to ingestion. Not needed to be childproof, have colors
and flavors like candy that are appealing to children Can also be
poisoned by inhalation and absorption through skin and eyes.
http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2014/p0403-e-cigarette-poison.html
http://www.wboc.com/story/26779698/liquid-nicotine-exposures-up-sharply-among-kids#.VD2mhhs--qk.mailto
- Slide 54
- Local specialty stores and online sites Locations: North
Salisbury South Salisbury Millsboro advertised at the register at
Ace Hardware
- Slide 55
- Why Start in the First Place? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 55 Between 2001-2005 high school
use has declined. 28.5% to 23% Children and teenagers make-up 90%
of all new smokers in this country. Estimated 4000 children and
adolescents (12-17) start smoking. Average age 13 for smoking 10
for spit tobacco
- Slide 56
- Listening to Advertising Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 56 In 2003 the Tobacco Industry
spent nearly $15 billion for advertising Most heavily advertised
brands Marlboro Camel Newport 90% of teens prefer the top three
most advertised brands. Joe Camel is more familiar than Mickey
Mouse. More than 90% of 6-year-olds recognized the character
- Slide 57
- Who do advertisers reach? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 57 Certain brands are designed to
appeal primarily to men, women or particular ethnic groups.
Virginia Slims Winston Community-based advertising Audience-based
advertising
- Slide 58
- Advertisements & Price Even famous people do
advertisements!
- Slide 59
- Local specialty stores and online sites Isnt this a
pharmacy?
- Slide 60
- Government regulation Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 60 The U.S. government began
regulating tobacco advertising in 1967 FCC required broadcasters to
air anti-smoking messages along with industry-sponsored
advertisements on television and radio Between 1967 and 1971, per
capita cigarette consumption declined by 7% Cigarette advertising
on television and radio was banned altogether in 1971
- Slide 61
- Regulations Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All
Rights Reserved. 61 In 1996, the FDA issued strict advertising
regulations designed to reduce minors exposure and access to
tobacco advertising and products; however the Supreme Court ruled
the FDA does not have this authority. In November 1998, controls on
advertising were enacted as part of a $206 billion deal to settle
lawsuits brought against Big Tobacco by attorney generals of 39
states
- Slide 62
- Big Tobacco settlement Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 62 This settlement limits or bans
billboard and transit advertising Cartoon characters in
advertisements and packaging Tobacco logos on t-shirts, hats and
promotional items Brand name sponsorship of sporting events
Payments for product placement in movies, television, and
concerts
- Slide 63
- Emulating Smoking Onscreen Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 63 Tobacco companies agreed to end
paid product placement in movies as part of the settlement Actually
smoking in movies has increased particularly in PG-13 The portrayal
of smoking does not reflect U.S. patterns of use Films typically
show the smoker as white, male, well-educated, successful and
attractive In reality, smokers tend to be poor and have less
education
- Slide 64
- Who Uses Tobacco? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies.
All Rights Reserved. 64 Characteristics which could increase the
potential for use. A parent or sibling uses tobacco Peers use
tobacco Child comes from blue-collar family Child comes from
low-income home Single parent. Performs poorly in school Child
drops out of school Has positive attitudes towards tobacco
- Slide 65
- Users Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights
Reserved. 65 Between 1996 and 2001 the percentage of smokers who
said they smoked only occasionally rose in 38 states and Washington
D.C., and the trend is continuing Most occasional smokers are
adults age 18-25 who say they smoke only with friends who smoke
Less likely to try to quit Still vulnerable to dependence and
addiction
- Slide 66
- Young Users Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All
Rights Reserved. 66 All states ban the sale of tobacco to anyone
under the age of 18 but At least 500 million packs of cigarettes
and 26 million containers of chewing tobacco are consumed by minors
each year In 2004, about 5% of 13-year old Americans said they had
used tobacco products in the last month Among high school students,
about 23% smoke at least occasionally 14% smoke cigars 8% use spit
tobacco (male college and professional baseball players have even
higher rates)
- Slide 67
- Habitual Users Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All
Rights Reserved. 67 Men and women with other drug-abuse problems
frequently use tobacco Studies show that roughly 80% of alcoholics
and 90% of heroin addicts are heavy smokers Smoking is also more
prevalent among people with mental disorders 40% of people with
major depression, social phobias, generalized anxiety disorders and
80% of people with schizophrenia are smokers
- Slide 68
- 68 Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students
- Slide 69
- Effects of Smoking Behavior Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 69 Smokers who inhale bring the
substances into their bodies and keep them there. In 1 year a
typical pack-a-day smoker takes 50,000 70,000 puffs. Inhaling
deeply, smoking to down to the short butts, puffing more frequently
will all increase effects of smoking.
- Slide 70
- Smoking and Pregnancy Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 70 Estimated 4600 infant deaths in
the U.S. Miscarriage, premature birth, low birth weight, long term
impairments in growth and intellectual development Possible higher
risks of getting cancer 11% of pregnant women smoke 14% of female
smokers quit while pregnant
- Slide 71
- Cost of Tobacco Use to Society Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill
Companies. All Rights Reserved. 71 Health care costs exceed $75
billion per year. Lost productivity from sickness, disability, and
premature death makes it closer to $157 Billion per year. 1998
Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) Tobacco companies have to pay
$206 billion over 25 years Many of the provisions designed to limit
youth exposure and access
- Slide 72
- What Can Be Done? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies.
All Rights Reserved. 72 Local laws State and Federal laws FDA EPA
International Action Marketing efforts and restrictions Private
sector Individual Action Controlling the tobacco companies
- Slide 73
- What about quitting? Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies.
All Rights Reserved. 73 More than 80% of adult smokers believe
tobacco will shorten their life and would like to quit. Each year
roughly 40% of smokers quit for at least a day, but 9 out of 10 of
them are smoking again within a year. Although 60-80% of people who
attend stop-smoking clinics are able to quit, three-quarters of
them start smoking again within 1 year. Quitting for smokeless
users is even harder, in one study 1 out of 4 spit tobacco users
who participated in a tobacco- cessation clinic was able to stop
for more than 4 hours.
- Slide 74
- Quitting Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights
Reserved. 74 Since 1964 - 50% of all adults who have smoked have
quit. Benefits of quitting Giving up smoking provides immediate
health benefits to men and women of all ages.
- Slide 75
- Benefits of Quitting 75 Within 20 minutes Blood pressure and
pulse drops to normal Temperature of hands and feet increases to
normal 8 hours Carbon monoxide level in blood drops to normal
Oxygen level in blood increases to normal 24 hours Chance of heart
attack decreases 48 hours Nerve endings start to regrow Ability to
smell and taste is enhanced 2-3 months Circulation improves Walking
becomes easier Lung function increases up to 30% 1-9 months
Coughing, sinus congestion, fatigue, and shortness of breath all
decrease 1 year Heart disease death rate is half that of a smoker 5
years Stroke risk drops nearly to the risk of nonsmokers 10 years
Lung cancer death rate drops to 50% of that of continuing smokers
Incidence of other cancers decreases Risk of ulcers decrease 15
years Risk of lung cancer is about 25% of that of continuing
smokers Risks of heart disease and death are close to those for
nonsmokers
- Slide 76
- Anti-Smoking Advertisement Reflection Chapter eleven 2008
McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 76 How do these
advertisements make you feel? Anthem Ad Terrie's Ad updated Terries
Ad Jessica's Asthma Ad Buerger's Disease Ad Would these videos help
make you quit smoking or prevent you from ever experimenting with
tobacco? Would you show these videos to family/friends who smoke?
What is your opinion towards tobacco after watching these
videos?
- Slide 77
- MTV True Life Chapter eleven 2008 McGraw-Hill Companies. All
Rights Reserved. 77 I Cant Breathe Pam Laffin has emphysema Pam is
28 years old during the filming of this video She died at the age
of 31 of emphysema