Post on 30-Jan-2016
To infinitive (1)
To work in Changjun is a big challenge to Una.
She needs to relax herself after school. So, she invited her friends to go shopping last weekend.
But most of them had something important to do.
To work in Changjun is a big challenge to Una.
She needs to relax herself after school. So, she invited her friends to go shopping last weekend.
But most of them had something important to do.
To work in Changjun is a big challenge to Una.
She needs to relax herself after school. So, she invited her friends to go shopping last weekend.
But most of them had something important to do.
To work in Changjun is a big challenge to Una.
She needs to relax herself after school. So, she invited her friends to go shopping last weekend.
But most of them had something important to do.
What’s worse, Una’s baby son’s bein
g sick was to upset her. She had to take c
are of him in the hospital, worried .
But her brave son always sang and da
nced to delight Una.
What’s worse, Una’s baby son’s bein
g sick was to upset her. She had to take c
are of him in the hospital, worried .
But her brave son always sang and da
nced to delight Una.
What’s worse, Una’s baby son’s bein
g sick was to upset her. She had to take c
are of him in the hospital, worried .
But her brave son always sang and da
nced to delight Una.
What’s worse, Una’s baby son’s bein
g sick was to upset her. She had to take c
are of him in the hospital, worried .
But her brave son always sang and da
nced to delight Una.
What form of a verb appears most in the above passage?
I. To-infinitive
The to-infinitive can be used alone or as part of an infinitive phrase and the to-infinitive can serve as the subject, object, object complement, attribute, predicative or adverbial of a sentence.
Review the basic sentences elements.1. I was watching an English programme at 8 o'clock yesterday. I-----subject; was watching-----predicate; an English programmer----object; at 8 o'clock yesterday----adverbial2. The games of 2006 World Cup are exciting. exciting----predicative3. I lost my history book. history----attribute4. He made the room clean and tidy. clean and tidy----object complement
1.the to-infinitive used as the subject 不定式作主语 找一个真正的朋友是不容易的。 To find a true friend is hard.
满嘴食物地讲话是不礼貌的。 To talk with your mouth full is impolite.
1.the to-infinitive used as the subject 不定式作主语 找一个真正的朋友是不容易的。 To find a true friend is hard.
满嘴食物地讲话是不礼貌的。 To talk with your mouth full is impolite.
It is hard to find a true friend.
1.the to-infinitive used as the subject 不定式作主语 找一个真正的朋友是不容易的。 To find a true friend is hard.
满嘴食物地讲话是不礼貌的。 To talk with your mouth full is impolite.
It is hard to find a true friend.
It is impolite to talk with your mouth full.
1)It is easy / hard/ difficult/ important/necessary/useful/harmful/likely/unlikely/possible/impossible/a risk/… (for sb) to do sth
1)It is easy / hard/ difficult/ important/necessary/useful/harmful/likely/unlikely/possible/impossible/a risk/… (for sb) to do sth
2) It is nice/ kind/ polite/ rude/ wise/stupid/silly/foolish…(of sb) to do sth.
Translation
1. 说比做容易。
2. 对我们来说在这个新班级学习很快乐。
3. 你在背后嘲笑他是不明智的。
Translation
1. 说比做容易。It is easier to say than to do.
2. 对我们来说在这个新班级学习很快乐。
3. 你在背后嘲笑他是不明智的。
Translation
1. 说比做容易。It is easier to say than to do.
It is happy for us to study in the new class.
2. 对我们来说在这个新班级学习很快乐。
3. 你在背后嘲笑他是不明智的。
Translation
1. 说比做容易。It is easier to say than to do.
It is happy for us to study in the new class.
It is not wise of you to laugh at him behind his back.
2. 对我们来说在这个新班级学习很快乐。
3. 你在背后嘲笑他是不明智的。
2.the to-infinitive used as the object 不定式作宾语
He wishes to sleep at least for 8 hours every day.
2.the to-infinitive used as the object 不定式作宾语
He wishes to sleep at least for 8 hours every day.
2.the to-infinitive used as the object 不定式作宾语
Sarah is determined to make an apology to Hannah.
He wishes to sleep at least for 8 hours every day.
2.the to-infinitive used as the object 不定式作宾语
Sarah is determined to make an apology to Hannah.
你知道后接不定式作宾语的动词有哪些吗？
want, intend, desire, hope, wish, expect, long;manage, learn, decide, determine;attempt, pretend, choose;offer ， promise ， refuse
want, intend, desire, hope, wish, expect, long;manage, learn, decide, determine;attempt, pretend, choose;offer ， promise ， refuse三想要，四希望，设法学会作决定。企图假装要选择，提供承诺勿拒绝。
Make sentences
want, intend, desire, hope, wish, expect, long;manage, learn, decide, determine;attempt, pretend, choose;offer ， promise ， refuse三想要，四希望，设法学会作决定。企图假装要选择，提供承诺勿拒绝。
3 the to-infinitive used as the object complement 不定式作宾语补足语
Let’s invite the students in the long-distance to study together.
3 the to-infinitive used as the object complement 不定式作宾语补足语
Let’s invite the students in the long-distance to study together.
The wife always asks her husband to do the housework willingly.
3 the to-infinitive used as the object complement 不定式作宾语补足语
ask, beg, tell, teach;要想请求先教会
encourage, invite.若要鼓励先邀请
advise, persuade;首先建议再说服
allow, order, require, force, forbid;五个许可或禁令
want, wish, would like to, prefer,expect;六个期待或想要
ask, beg, tell, teach;要想请求先教会
encourage, invite.若要鼓励先邀请
advise, persuade;首先建议再说服
allow, order, require, force, forbid;五个许可或禁令
want, wish, would like to, prefer,expect;六个期待或想要
ask sb (not) to do sth
1. The teacher asked us _____ much
noise.
A. don’t make B. not make
C. not making D. not to make
1. The teacher asked us _____ much
noise.
A. don’t make B. not make
C. not making D. not to make
2. I_____ him to give up smoking,
but he would not listen.
A. persuaded B. advises
C. suggested D. provided
2. I_____ him to give up smoking,
but he would not listen.
A. persuaded B. advises
C. suggested D. provided
• He was the first student to get to school.
• He was the first student to get to school.
• The school offered me a chance to study abroad.
• He was the first student to get to school.
• The school offered me a chance to study abroad.
• It is time to go to bed.
• He was the first student to get to school.
• The school offered me a chance to study abroad.
• It is time to go to bed.
4 the to-infinitive used as the attribute 不定式作定语。
Translation
1. 她没有钱用，也没有地方住。
2. 她相信他是一生可以依靠的人。
3. 长郡中学是创造奇迹的地方。
Translation
1. 她没有钱用，也没有地方住。
2. 她相信他是一生可以依靠的人。
3. 长郡中学是创造奇迹的地方。
She has no money to use and no place to live in.
Translation
1. 她没有钱用，也没有地方住。
2. 她相信他是一生可以依靠的人。
3. 长郡中学是创造奇迹的地方。
She has no money to use and no place to live in.
She believed he was the person to depend on.
Translation
1. 她没有钱用，也没有地方住。
2. 她相信他是一生可以依靠的人。
3. 长郡中学是创造奇迹的地方。
She has no money to use and no place to live in.
She believed he was the person to depend on.
Changjun middle school is a place to do wonders.
I am a responsible teacher.
So, my job is to teach you English well.
I am a responsible teacher.
So, my job is to teach you English well.
The man felt very tired.
And his wish was to have a good rest.
5 the to-infinitive used as the predicative 不定式作表语
I am a responsible teacher.
So, my job is to teach you English well.
The man felt very tired.
And his wish was to have a good rest.
6 the to-infinitive used as adverbial of a sentence to show reason, purpose or result 不定式作句子的目的、原因和结果状语
6 the to-infinitive used as adverbial of a sentence to show reason, purpose or result 不定式作句子的目的、原因和结果状语
He came here to attend an important meeting. (purpose)Sam was very surprised to hear the news. (reason)I quickly ran to the office only to find my key was lost. (result)
too…..toenough toin order toso as toonly to
Make sentences.
7 the continuous and perfect forms of the to-infinitive 不定式的进行式和完成式
Things seem to be getting better.John pretended not to have seen me.
7 the continuous and perfect forms of the to-infinitive 不定式的进行式和完成式
Things seem to be getting better.John pretended not to have seen me.
7 the continuous and perfect forms of the to-infinitive 不定式的进行式和完成式
主动形式 被动形式
一般现在时
完成时
进行时
Things seem to be getting better.John pretended not to have seen me.
7 the continuous and perfect forms of the to-infinitive 不定式的进行式和完成式
主动形式 被动形式
一般现在时
完成时
进行时
to do
Things seem to be getting better.John pretended not to have seen me.
7 the continuous and perfect forms of the to-infinitive 不定式的进行式和完成式
主动形式 被动形式
一般现在时
完成时
进行时
to do to be done
Things seem to be getting better.John pretended not to have seen me.
7 the continuous and perfect forms of the to-infinitive 不定式的进行式和完成式
主动形式 被动形式
一般现在时
完成时
进行时
to do to be done
to have done
Things seem to be getting better.John pretended not to have seen me.
7 the continuous and perfect forms of the to-infinitive 不定式的进行式和完成式
主动形式 被动形式
一般现在时
完成时
进行时
to do to be done
to have done to have been done
Things seem to be getting better.John pretended not to have seen me.
7 the continuous and perfect forms of the to-infinitive 不定式的进行式和完成式
主动形式 被动形式
一般现在时
完成时
进行时
to do to be done
to have done to have been done
to be doing
Things seem to be getting better.John pretended not to have seen me.
7 the continuous and perfect forms of the to-infinitive 不定式的进行式和完成式
主动形式 被动形式
一般现在时
完成时
进行时
to do to be done
to have done to have been done
to be doing /
Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of to do.1. I am sorry. I hurt you yesterday
I am sorry _____ ______ _____ ______ yesterday.
2. She is writing her homework. I come in.She happens ____ ____ ________ her homework when I come in.
3. It seems that this is a novel that focuses on peace.
This novel seems _____ ______ ______ peace.
Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of to do.1. I am sorry. I hurt you yesterday
I am sorry _____ ______ _____ ______ yesterday.
to have hurt you
2. She is writing her homework. I come in.She happens ____ ____ ________ her homework when I come in.
3. It seems that this is a novel that focuses on peace.
This novel seems _____ ______ ______ peace.
Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of to do.1. I am sorry. I hurt you yesterday
I am sorry _____ ______ _____ ______ yesterday.
to have hurt you
2. She is writing her homework. I come in.She happens ____ ____ ________ her homework when I come in.
to be writing
3. It seems that this is a novel that focuses on peace.
This novel seems _____ ______ ______ peace.
Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of to do.1. I am sorry. I hurt you yesterday
I am sorry _____ ______ _____ ______ yesterday.
to have hurt you
2. She is writing her homework. I come in.She happens ____ ____ ________ her homework when I come in.
to be writing
3. It seems that this is a novel that focuses on peace.
This novel seems _____ ______ ______ peace.
to focus on
A test
1. I ran too fast _____ where I was going. A. to notice B. for me to notice C. to notice for me D. and noticed
2.---Have you enjoyed your visit here? --- Yes, I will be very sorry_____. A. for leaving B. of leaving C. to leave D. with leaving
A test
1. I ran too fast _____ where I was going. A. to notice B. for me to notice C. to notice for me D. and noticed
2.---Have you enjoyed your visit here? --- Yes, I will be very sorry_____. A. for leaving B. of leaving C. to leave D. with leaving
A test
1. I ran too fast _____ where I was going. A. to notice B. for me to notice C. to notice for me D. and noticed
2.---Have you enjoyed your visit here? --- Yes, I will be very sorry_____. A. for leaving B. of leaving C. to leave D. with leaving
3. ---Did the book give the information
you needed?
---Yes. But___ it, I had to read the
whole book.
A. to find B. find
C. to be finding D. finding
3. ---Did the book give the information
you needed?
---Yes. But___ it, I had to read the
whole book.
A. to find B. find
C. to be finding D. finding
4. The children talked so loudly at
dinner table that I had to struggle
________.
A. to be heard B. to have heard
C. hearing D. being heard
4. The children talked so loudly at
dinner table that I had to struggle
________.
A. to be heard B. to have heard
C. hearing D. being heard
1.Section B Paper 2
2. 单元综合检测题 简答题 填空题
Bare infinitive
To-infinitive (2)
1. We use the bare infinitive after 吾看三室两厅一感觉
look at see watch notice observe
make let have
listen to hear
feel
1) I saw him sleeping in class at that time.
I saw him sleep in class yesterday.
difference?
Fill in the blanks, using the correct forms of the verb.
1. 那时，我发现她正在街上哭。 At that time, I found her _______ (cry) in the street.
2. 你注意到有人进了那个银行了吗？ Did you notice anyone ______ （ enter ） the house ？3. 我经常听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。 I often hear him ______ (sing )in the next room.
crying
enter
sing
2) 当 "make/ let/ have… sb do sth"
变成被动语态时，应加上 "to" 。
The workers were made to work 14
hours a day by the boss.
Someone was heard to come up the
stairs.
Test yourself
THINK IT OVER
1. We were told to have our reading
room _________ after school.
A. clean B. to clean
C. cleaning D. cleaned
Test yourself
THINK IT OVER
2. Paul doesn't have to be made
_______ . He always works hard.
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learned
D. learning
Test yourself
THINK IT OVER
3. Jane was made ________ the truck
for a week as a punishment.
A. to wash
B. washing
C. wash
D. to be washing
2.bare infinitive after some phrases or patterns like would rather, had better and why not• 我宁愿呆在家里。 I'd rather stay at home. • 你最好别迟到。 You'd better not be late.• 为什么不到海边走走？ Why not go to the beach?
3.We use the bare infinitive for the second infinitive when two infinitives are joined by and, or, except, but, than, rather than, as or like. We decided to stay at home rather than go to the cinema. I had noting to do but wait. She told me to be cheerful and look on the bright side.
Fill in the blanks using the correct forms
1.He would like _______ ( fight) with you now. 2.What can we do but____ (sit) and ____ (wait)? 3. You had better____________( not mention) it any more. 4.Why not ________ ( invite) me to dance with you? 5.I wonder how ________ ( solve) the problem.
to fight
sitwait
not mention
invite
to solve
Finish Page 9
Answers to Sally’s letter:1.to thank 2. to talk 3. to have4. e-mail 5. to receive 6. to go 7. watch 8. borrow 9. visit10. Spend 11. write 12. tell13. to see 14. make 15. come
1. Section C paper 1
2. 课课练 Page 15 Ex 2/3