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If you have questions or comments, please e-mail Chad @

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Find other teaching resources at these sites:

http://www.nicholls.edu/phsc/lacue/

http://www.nicholls.edu/phsc/cyoung/links.html

+ =

Wave front

Light rays

1

2

Air, n=1

Glass, n=1.3

1

2

Air, n=1

Glass, n=1.3

1

2

n1

n2

1

Air, n=1

Glass, n=1.3

Air, n=1

Glass, n=1.3

Air, n=1

Water, n=1.3

1

2Air, n=1

Glass, n=1.3

n1

n2

n1

n2

Indexof Refraction

Wavelength

Glassn=1.53

n=1.51

=400 nm =700 nm

1

p

q

1

50⁰

r

120⁰

1

n2=1.0

n1=1.4

50⁰60⁰

Mirror 1

Mirror 2

1 2

a b c d e

a b c d e

n1=1.4

n2=1.3

no=1o

c

n1=1.45

n2=1.4

no=1o

c

n2=1.2

o

c

n1=1.3

n0=1

Reflectingsurface

Back of mirror

Convex Mirror

Reflectingsurface Back of

mirror

Concave Mirror

_________ Mirror

_________ Mirror

Convex Mirror

Concave Mirror

f c f

f c f f c f

#2

#1

Object outside the focal point

#4

#3Object outside the focal point

Object outside the focal point

#2

#1

#4

#3

#4

#1#3

Object at thefocal point

Object at thefocal point

#2

#1

Object inside the focal point

Object inside the focal point

#4

#3

Object inside the focal point

#2

#1

#4

#3

Object outside the focal point

#1

#2

#3

Object at the focal point

No image

#1

#3

p>0q>0M<0

p>0q=

Object insidethe focal point

#1

#2

#3

p>0q<0M>0

(b)

(a)

(c)

Object outside the focal point

Object at the focal point

No image

pqM

pq

Object insidethe focal point

pqM

Atmospheric Refraction

Hot air

Convex Lens(aka converging lens)

Concave Lens(aka diverging lens)

_____________________

_____________________

f c f f c f

Whatkindof

mirror?

Object

Image

Whatkindof

lens?

Object

Image

f f

Whatkindof

lens?

Object Image

Whatkindof

mirror?

Object Image

n1 =1.2

n2 =?

n3 =1.3

n2 =1.5

n1 =1.0

water

silicon oil

airn1 =1.4

ethanol

Whatkindof

mirror?

Object

Image

Whatkindof

lens?

Object

Image

f f

f f

f=10 cm f=20 cm

20 cm 60 cm

f=10 cm f=20 cm

20 cm 60 cm

f=10 cm f=20 cm

20 cm 15 cm

f=10 cm f=15 cm

20 cm 50 cm

f=10 cm f=15 cm

20 cm 50 cm

f=10 cm f=20 cm

20 cm 60 cm

f=15 cm f=15 cm

30 cm 60 cm

40 cm30 cm

f1=10 cm f1=20 cm

40 cm30 cm

f1=10 cm f1=20 cm

15 cm 25 cm

100 cm

30 cm30 cm

f1=10 cm f2=15 cm

20 cm30 cm

f1=10 cm f2=10 cm

45 cm30 cm

f1=10 cm f2=15 cm

f=10 cm f=20 cm

20 cm 15 cm

f=10 cm f=15 cm

20 cm 50 cm

f=10 cm f=20 cm

20 cm 15 cm

f f

#1

#2

#3

p>0q<0M>0M<1

(a)

(b)

(c)

red light

blue light

+ =

+ =Destructive Interference

Constructive Interference

+ =

+ =

Destructive Interference

Constructive Interference

1

1

½

¼

constructiveinterference

destructiveinterference

y

1 cm

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

1

2

1

1.30 m

1

1.30 m

60.0⁰

1.30 m

0.750 m

y=_____ m

30⁰

Whatkindof

mirror?

Object

Image

Whatkindof

lens?

Object

Image

f f

R1 R2

f f

a

b

c d

e

+2Q

+2Q

-4Q

-Q

+1 C +2 C +3 C

-3 C-1 C-2 C

a b c d e

n1 =1.2

n2 =?

n3 =1.3

n2 =1.5

n1 =1.0

water

silicon oil

airn1 =1.4

ethanol

n=1.5

n =1.0

40⁰

glass

air

n =1.0air

n3 =1.3

n2 =1.5

n1 =1.0

water

silicon oil

airn1 =1.4

30⁰

ethanol

n3 =1.3

n2 =1.5

n1 =1.0

water

silicon oil

airn1 =1.4

30⁰

ethanol

n1 =1.2

n2 =?

n3 =1.3

n2 =1.5

n1 =1.0

water

silicon oil

airn1 =1.4

ethanol