Post on 16-Dec-2015
The Wrist and Hand Joints
Anatomy and Kinesiology
420:024
The Wrist and Hand Joints
Many sports require precise functioning of wrist & hand
Archery, bowling, golf, baseball, tennis, etc. require combined use of wrist & hand joints
Very complex 29 bones 25 joints 33 muscles
Objectives
Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements
Bones
29 bones, including radius & ulna Carpals (8)
Two rows of 4 bones Metacarpals (5)
Numbered 1-5 Phalanges (14)
Three for each finger Two for the thumb
Thumb has a sesamoid bone in its flexor tendon Other sesamoids may occur in joints of fingers
Bones
Carpal bones form a three-sided arch Concave on palmar side creates the carpal tunnel Frequently a source of problems known as carpal tunnel
syndrome
Wrist and Hand Joints
Radiocarpal joint Biaxial ball and socket
Intercarpal joints Gliding/nonaxial
Carpometacarpal joints Fingers – Gliding/nonaxial Thumb – Biaxial saddle
Wrist and Hand Joints
Metacarpophalangeal joints Fingers – Biaxial ball and socket Thumb – Uniaxial hinge
Proximal interphalangeal joints Fingers – Uniaxial hinge
Distal interphalangeal joints Fingers – Uniaxial hinge
Interphalangeal joint Thumb – Uniaxial hinge
Objectives
Bones, bony landmarks and joint Muscles Movements
Wrist and Hand Muscles
Extrinsic muscles (15) All multiarticular
Elbow/wrist/hand (1) Elbow/wrist (6) Wrist/hand (8)
Intrinsic muscles (18)
Extrinsic Wrist and Hand Muscles (15) Elbow, Wrist and Hand (3)
Elbow flexion, wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger extension (2)
Fingers 2, 3, 4, 5 Pinky
Elbow and Wrist (6) Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3)
1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor 1 flexor only
Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor
Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) Wrist adductor
Wrist and Hand (6) Wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Wrist flexion, thumb flexion (1)
Wrist abductor Wrist extension, index finger extension (1) Wrist extension, thumb extension (2)
Wrist abductors Wrist flexion, thumb abduction (1)
Wrist abductor
Attachments Elbow, Wrist and Hand (3)
Elbow flexion, wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger extension (2)
Fingers 2, 3, 4, 5 Pinky
Attachments Elbow, Wrist and Hand (3)
Elbow flexion, wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger extension (2)
Fingers 2, 3, 4, 5 Pinky
Attachments
Elbow and Wrist (6) Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3)
1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor 1 flexor only
Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor
Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) Wrist adductor
Attachments
Elbow and Wrist (6) Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3)
1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor 1 flexor only
Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor
Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) Wrist adductor
Attachments
Elbow and Wrist (6) Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3)
1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor 1 flexor only
Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) 1 wrist abductor 1 wrist adductor
Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) Wrist adductor
Attachment Rules
Elbow/Wrist/Hand and Elbow/Wrist Muscles Wrist Flexors
Proximal: Medial or Lateral epicondyle of humerus Distal: Depends
Wrist Extensors Proximal: Medial or Lateral epicondyle of humerus Distal: Depends
Attachments
Wrist and Hand (6) Wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Wrist flexion, thumb flexion (1)
Wrist abductor Wrist flexion, thumb abduction (1)
Wrist abductor Wrist extension, index finger extension (1) Wrist extension, thumb extension (2)
Wrist abductors
Attachments
Wrist and Hand (6) Wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) Wrist flexion, thumb flexion (1)
Wrist abductor Wrist flexion, thumb abduction (1)
Wrist abductor Wrist extension, index finger extension (1) Wrist extension, thumb extension (2)
Wrist abductors
Attachment Rules
Wrist/Hand Muscles Wrist Flexors
Proximal: Anterior or Posterior forearm Distal: Depends
Wrist Extensors Proximal: Anterior or Posterior forearm Distal: Depends
Intrinsic Muscles (18)