The Web of Things WoT Now?

Frank Greco Director of Technology frank.greco@kaazing.com

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Speakers

Peter Moskovits Head of Real-Time Solutions peter.moskovits@kaazing.com @pmoskovi

Frank Greco Director of Technology frank.greco@kaazing.com @frankgreco

© 2014 Kaazing Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

§  Internet – Global system of interconnected networks that use IP to communicate

§  Internetworking – Connecting one network with another through a series of Gateways that provide a common method of communication

Let’s take 1 step back to go 2 steps ahead…

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§  A popular application service on the Internet

§  Based on TCP/IP

§  Advantages §  Application deployment simplified – URI

§  Interoperable open standards and specifications

§  Ease of programmability – scripting

§  Global reach and Economy of scale

§  Accessed by ubiquitous Browsers and also non-Browsers

§  Two major protocols -  HTTP (1988/1999) and WebSocket (2007/2011)

The Web

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§  A riff on “Ubiquitous Computing” (also “Pervasive”) -  Mark Weisner PARC 1988

§  Its early so there’s different definitions -  similar to early days of Cloud Computing

§  M2M has been around for decades. Primarily proprietary embedded systems and typically point-to-point (RPC)

§  IoT/IIoT (Industrial IoT) -  Adds Internet connectivity

-  Networks of M2M systems connected via IP

Now… IoT, IIoT and M2M

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§  No formal API standards

§  Many protocol standards – interoperability low

§  No common, wide-reaching frameworks

§  No composition possibilities

§  Difficult to leverage economies of scale

§  Barrier to entry is high for millions of app developers

§  Also… we’re in a cloud, mobile, web api world

IoT/IIoT – connectivity isn’t sufficient

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§  IoT – Internet of Things -  Embedded computing endowed with Internet connectivity

§  WoT – Web of Things -  Application and Services layer over IoT

§  Apply the benefits of the Web to IoT

§  WoT is a uniform interface to access IoT functionality

§  Provides the abstraction for control/monitoring

§  Accelerates innovation

Here’s where the Web comes in

IoT

WoT

Developers!

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Higher Level APIs Reduces Complexity

Simplicity is a Useful

Abstraction!

Simplicity enables Innovation

Complexity

Innovation

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But Is HTTP the Right Choice?

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l  Disadvantages of HTTP Request/Response l  Lack of resiliency and robustness l  Enterprise events retrieved by resource intensive polling

techniques u  Much bandwidth is wasted u  Information can be delayed

l  Composite services brittle and lack transactionality l  Enterprises learned advantages of ESB 10+ years ago l  See failures of CORBA, Sun RPC, etc. l  Clumsy AJAX/Comet workarounds to simulate real-time

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Legacy HTTP vs WebSocket

For Event-based Web Communication…

http:// ws://

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WebSocket

§  Includes W3C API and IETF Protocol (RFC 6455) -  Event-driven JavaScript API

-  Full-duplex communication protocol

§  Integrates HTTP addressing -  ws://yourcompany.com/collaboration_svc

-  wss://anothercompany.com/marketdata_svc

§  Traverses firewalls, proxies, routers securely §  Text and Binary §  Application-level Socket over the Web

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WebSocket

TCP/IP

JMS XMPP AMQP B2B FTP VNC MQTT etc

Browser and Native Applications

WebSocket Gateway

Internet

WebSocket Gateway

Protocol Layering is Possible

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History Repeats Itself

RPC

Asynchronous RPC

Messaging

Enterprise Web/WoT

REST

Asynchronous REST

Messaging

•  Can wait for response •  Tight coupling •  Centralized business

processes •  Vertical interaction •  Easy to understand (xact)

•  Future response •  Loose coupling •  Independent business

processes •  More complexity (xact)

Did I mention History repeats itself?...

ESB ISB

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The Message is the Medium

“…terse, self-classified messages, networking overhead isolated to a specialized tier of devices, and publish/subscribe relationships are the only way to fully distill the power of the coming Internet of Things” – Francis daCosta

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Data flow – Human Web vs WoT

Typically an App Server and DB

App Server is probably not the right architecture

Human Web

WoT

Large data to client

Small data to server

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Event Gateway Architecture

GW

GW

GW

IoT/IIoT

WoT

WoT

WoT

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Event Gateway Architecture – Future Directions

GW

GW

GW

GW

GW

GW

GW

Aggregator nodes

•  Scalability •  Querying •  Performance •  Manageability •  Composition •  Circles of Trust •  CDN-like

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Click to Edit Master Title Style

Demos

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Raspberry Pi

Image source: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/java/raspberrypi-1704896.html

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Demo Setup

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The Web Bridges Continents

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Thank You!