The Trucking Industry’s Top 10

Rebecca M. Brewster President and COO

American Transportation Research Institute

ATRI Trucking industry’s NFP research

organization Commercial Drivers Congestion and Mobility Economic Analysis Environment Safety Security Technology Transportation Infrastructure Trucking Industry Operations

www.atri-online.org

Board of Directors

Research Advisory Committee

2012 Top Industry Issues

1. CSA

2. Hours-of-Service

3. Economy

4. Driver Shortage

5. Fuel Issues/Fuel Prices

6. EOBR/ELD Mandate

7. Driver Retention

8. Truck Parking

9. Driver Health/Wellness

10. (Tie) Congestion/Bottlenecks

10. (Tie) Highway Infrastructure

Supply Chain Impacts

Two year data collection effort 1,000 Motor Carriers Nearly 6,000

Commercial Drivers Shippers Law Enforcement

Third year of driver data collection initiated March 2013

CSA Knowledge Test

Drivers - median performance unchanged at 6.00 (out of 14)

Carriers – median performance dropped one point from 11.00 to 10.00

Drivers are still hugely uninformed; growth in CSA comprehension has not occurred despite attitudes becoming more negative

Driver-Reported Levels of CSA Training and

Education

2011 2012 20130%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

41%32% 26%

36%

33%30%

23%35% 36%

CSA Training By Year

Multiple Sessions

One Session

None

Year

Per

cen

t o

f R

esp

on

den

ts

What Drivers Know/Don’t Know

Questions with Highest Correct Responses A trucking company can remove a bad driver's

inspection and crash data from its SMS scores by terminating the driver – FALSE

Under CSA, only out-of-service violations are counted in the measurement system – FALSE

Clean roadside inspections can actually improve a driver or carrier's CSA scores – TRUE

Questions with Fewest Correct Responses Which BASICs are publicly available? Who has access to official driver CSA scores?

CSA Scores and Crash Risk Highlights from

Previous Research

Comparative Review of Statistical Tools

ATRI’s Findings Analyzed Both Percentile

Scores & “Alerts”

Interest from U.S. DOT IG

BASIC Scores and Crash Risk

Scores Below vs. Above Threshold

Controlled Substances/Alcohol

Percentile Scores and Crash Rates

Controlled Substances/Alcohol

No Score vs. Below Threshold vs. “Alert”

Driver Fitness

Percentile Scores and Crash Rates

Driver Fitness No Score vs. Below Threshold vs.

“Alert”

Crash Risk As Number of Scores or “Alerts” Increases

Statistically Defensible Safety Conclusions

Statistically Defensible Safety Conclusions

Hours-of-Service

Analysis to quantify impacts of 34-hour restart changes

Released June 17th

House T&I Committee Hearing on changes June 18th

Impacts of 34-Hour Restart Changes

Driver Survey Internet-based survey with 2,292

unique responses 67% employee drivers; 33% owner-

operator Longer haul 53% regular route; 89% use 70hr/ 8 day

schedule Veteran truckload drivers (68% 10+ years

driving) 93% of drivers indicated use of restart

Impacts of the 34-Hour RestartMotor Carrier Survey

Internet-based survey with 560 unique responses Truckload Irregular route 70 hour/ 8 day schedule Majority small (<100 PU) carriers

Why Drivers Use 34-Hour Restart

Maximize on-duty hours – 68.5% Flexibility – 67.3% Maximize drive time – 49.1% Maximize time at home – 45% Avoid calculating a rolling week –

40.7% Others – plan for contingencies,

shipper delays, weather, unexpected maintenance

How significantly will the 1am to 5am rule impact your

operations?

How significantly will the 1 restart per week impact your

operations?

Motor Carrier Survey Impacts from Changes

Logbook Analysis

Logbook data from 40,000+ drivers

Analysis to evaluate FMCSA Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA)

Percent of drivers using restart Percent of restarts out of

compliance with 1-5 a.m. and 1 per week

Variations in driver weekly averages

Striking Differences

FMCSA

Data analysis on 1,035 drivers

Drivers from carriers undergoing Compliance Reviews

15% of drivers averaged 70+ hours per week

ATRI

Data analysis on 14,000+ drivers

Drivers from carriers representing normal operations

0% of drivers averaged 70+ hours per week

Driver GroupAvg. Weekly Work Hours & Driver

Group ThresholdsDriver Count

PercentFMCSA

RIA

Moderate 45 (<52.6) 11,995 84% 66%

High 60 (52.6 to <65) 2,169 15% 19%

Very High 70 (65 to <75) 38 0% 10%

Extreme 80 (75 or more) 0 0% 5%

34-Hour Restart

 FMCSA Restart Change Costs

Restart Change Safety Benefits

Restart Change Health Benefits

Additional Restart-Related Productivity

CostNet Benefits (Costs)

~Restart Only~

FMCSA Table ES-9 Results* $ 331,000,000 $ 210,000,000 $ 254,000,000 $ - $ 133,000,000

           

ATRI Medium 7-Day Scenario $ 1,005,640 $ 501,267 $ 408,643 $ - $ (95,730)

Average Additional Weekly Work Time

Lost per Driver*        ATRI Scenario + Additional Cost

7.5 min lost $ - $ - $ - $ (94,966,788) $ (95,062,518)

15 min lost $ - $ - $ - $ (188,927,937) $ (189,023,667)

30 min lost $ - $ - $ - $ (376,850,234) $ (376,945,964)

34-Hour Restart

*Not captured by FMCSA in RIA.

34-Hour Restart

Hours-of-Service Second phase

data collection underway to quantify actual impacts

Motor carrier and driver surveys launched September

Logbook analysis underway

Navigation System Use

Quantify extent of use, perceived utility, benefits and risks from nav systems

Carrier (169) and driver (677) surveys

Assessing the Use of Navigation Systems in the

Trucking Industry Majority (54%) of drivers reported using a

nav system specifically designed for truck routes

23% of drivers utilize systems designed for car use

8% used a smartphone application

15% do not use a nav system

Assessing the Use of Navigation Systems in the

Trucking Industry Majority of carriers (51%) allow or

encourage nav system use

Of the carriers who provide nav system, 21% provide passenger car system

Respondents generally trust the systems to be accurate

73% of drivers and 62% of carriers are at least somewhat trusting

Assessing the Use of Navigation Systems in the

Trucking Industry Majority of respondents (drivers and

carriers) reported no crashes due to nav system errors

Only 2% of drivers reported crashes attributable to nav system errors

Among carriers who reported nav system-related crashes, most common errors were:

1. Directing driver to a road unsuitable for trucks (41%)

2. Navigating to roads with inadequate bridge/overpass clearance (34%)

What is the NAFMP?

Multi-year collaborative research to develop, test and evaluate components of a fatigue management program (FMP) for commercial vehicle operators

4 research phases, 10 years

NAFMP Website

Implementation Manual – includes recommended guidelines for all NAFMP components

Return-on-Investment calculator

Online Training

www.NAFMP.org

WWW.NFAMP.ORG

Module TitleTarget

AudienceEstimated Duration

1FMP Introduction and Overview

Carrier Executives and Managers

45 min

2Safety Culture and Management

Carrier Executives and Managers

1.5 hours

3 Driver Education Drivers 3 hours

4Driver Family Education

Drivers’ Spouses and Families

45 min

5T3 for Driver Education/Family Forum

Carrier Safety Managers, Trainers

3.5 hours

CModule TitleTarget

AudienceEstimated Duration

6Shippers and Receivers

Shippers and Receivers 30 min

7Motor Carriers Sleep Disorders Management

Carriers Executives and Managers

1.5 hours

8Drivers Sleep Disorders Management

Drivers 1.25 hours

9Driver Scheduling and Tools

Dispatchers and Managers 1 hour

10Fatigue Monitoring and Management Technologies

Carriers Executives and Managers

1 hour

Freight Bottleneck Analysis

Ongoing monitoring of 250 truck freight-significant locations

Avoiding/scheduling around truck freight congestion chokepoints

www.atri-online.org

Freight Performance Measures

2013 Top Ten BottlenecksRank Location Average

Speed2011 Rank Change

1 Chicago, IL: I-290 at I-90/I-94 30.13 1 0

2 Houston, TX: I-610 at US 290 41.99 14 +12

3 Austin, TX: I-35 35.79 4 +1

4 Fort Lee, NJ: I-95 at SR-4 28.98 2 -2

5 St. Louis, MO: I-70 at I-64 West

41.62 11 +6

6 Louisville, KY: I-65 at I-64/I-71

44.93 3 -3

7 Houston, TXL I-45 at US-59 38.55 17 +10

8 Cincinnati, OH: I-71 at I-75 48.12 9 +1

9 Houston, TX: I-10 at I-45 45.63 15 +6

10 Dallas, TX: I-45 at I-30 42.44 7 -3

Operational Costs of Trucking

Annual report first issued in 2008

Real-world motor carrier operational data

2013 Update released 9/4/13

Operational Costs of Trucking: 2013 Update

Average Carrier Costs per Mile

Operational Costs of Trucking: 2013 Update

Average Carrier Costs per Hour

Operational Costs of Trucking: 2013 Update

Average Total Costs by Sector

Supporting the Industry’s Research Agenda

Charitable contributions to ATRI

Participate in ATRI surveys and data collection – Top Industry Issues

Recommend research ideas

Join the Research Advisory Committee

www.atri-online.org

Questions?

Rebecca Brewster

770-432-0628

rbrewster@trucking.org

www.atri-online.org