The Successful Cross Country Part 3 (2010)

Federal AviationAdministrationThe Successful

Cross-CountryPart 3

2Federal AviationAdministration

The Successful Cross-Country

Part 3

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Part 3 – Lessons

1. Operating at a busy 24 hour towered commercial airport

2. Using the AFD

3. Understanding the airport diagram

4. Utilizing AFSS, ARTCC, ASOS and ATIS

5. Communicating with the tower

This document has been prepared for training purposes only and sets

forth general principles and guidance concerning good

operating procedures for avoiding surface incidents and runway

incursions. It is neither mandatory nor regulatory in nature.

DESTINATION: Eppley Airfield, Omaha, Nebraska

Chicago Center

Minneapolis Center

OLU AFSS

FOD AFSS

How do I build situational awareness

for operating at a complex towered

airport?

I’ll contact OLU AFSS on 122.35 to check for any new NOTAM’s for

OMA and check the weather.

Building situational awareness

Wind is from the south, I’ll plan for Runway 18, but be

prepared for any other runway.

“…Omaha automated weather, sky clear below

12,000, visibility 10, Wind 190 at 9 kts,

NOTAM Runway 14L/32R closed…”

OLU AFSS

Prior to departure from OTM, you

reviewed the AFD for OMA and the airport diagram

Since the AFD entry does not list a TPA for OMA (traffic pattern altitude) look for field elevation to determine YOUR TPA.

Standard pattern… EXCEPT FOR RUNWAY 32R?

A standard traffic pattern (left) for Runway 32R would put you in the approach corridor for Runway 32L/14R.

This is typical at airports with parallel runways.

Attended continuously?

The airport? The tower?

The absence of operational hours

listed with the ATCT frequencies

indicates the tower is operated 24/7.

“Attended continuously” means the airport is attended 24/7.

Birds on and in the vicinity of the airport?

Crane ?Crane 195 feet AGL 1186’MSL, 1.8 nautical miles SSW from the Approach End Runway 36. Crane 294’ AGL, 1281’MSL, 2.1 nautical miles SW of the Approach End Runway 36.

195’

294’

Good information to have if required to “go-around”

Bonus question time!

Yellow sign yellow array points the way!

Land & hold short ops?

Since OLU AFSS said the wind at OMA is now 190 at 9, if I land on Runway 18, I may have to hold short of 14R/32L.

That gives me 3,500 feet of landing and stopping distance.

At 3,500 feet down runway 18, there will be hold position signs on both sides of the runway and a hold position marking indicating where to stop.

32L-14R

3,500’

32L-14R 32L-14R

Typical view you would see when approaching the hold short position.

ATIS is 120.4.

My frequency list:OMA ATIS 120.4

Information TANGO:

“Omaha Eppley Information Tango 1952 Zulu,

Wind 170 at 9, Visibility 20, Sky Clear

Temperature 15, Dew point -2, Altimeter 29.92.

ILS Approach Runway 18 and 14R in UseLanding and Departing Runway 18 and 14R.

Notice to Airman: Runway 14L/32R closed. Caution for migratory waterfowl.

Advise on Initial Contact you Have Information TANGO”

My frequency list:OMA ATIS 120.4OMA APP 124.5

Contact OMA approach control within 20 nm on 124.5

My Frequency List:OMA ATIS 120.4OMA APP 124.5

Indicates radar services: expect vectoring. Your plan

may not go as expected

My frequency list:OMA ATIS 120.4OMA APP 124.5OMA TWR 132.1OMA GND 121.9

The airport diagram confirms the frequencies.

“N252KT, contact Omaha approach 124.5”.

Minneapolis Center

Minneapolis center discontinues VFR flight following

“Omaha approach, Mooney N252KT”.

“Mooney N252KT, Omaha approach”.

“N252KT, Omaha approach, radar contact, 25 miles east of Eppley, expect Runway 18.”

“Mooney N252KT, 24 east, 3,000 feet, VFR, inbound with

information tango”

Left downwind to Runway 18?

What surface marking will be paintedacross Taxiway Lima abeam this red sign?

Do you have to stop:

If you’re operating at a towered airport?

If you’re operating at a non-towered airport?

ILS hold position marking

At some airports it may be necessary to hold an

aircraft on a taxiway at a location other than at the runway entrance if the ILS

is in use. Holding the taxiing aircraft at the ILS

hold point will preclude ILS signal interference with an

aircraft on ILS final approach.

Remember: Taxiing aircraft are required to hold at this position only if directed by

What is POFZ?

Precision Obstacle Free Zone

The POFZ is defined as a volume of airspace above an area beginning at the runway threshold, at the threshold elevation, and centered on the extended runway centerline, 200 feet long by 800 feet wide. Maintaining the POFZ clear during low ceiling/low visibility conditions protects both the landing aircraft and

holding aircraft or vehicle.

The POFZ is in effect for vertically guided approaches when the ceiling is below 250 feet and/or visibility less than ¾ statute mile (or RVR below 4000 feet), and an aircraft is on final approach within two miles of the runway threshold.

When the POFZ is in effect, the wing of an aircraft holding on a taxiway waiting for runway clearance may penetrate the POFZ; however, neither the fuselage nor the tail may infringe on the POFZ. In addition, no ground vehicles may be in the POFZ when it is in effect.

Typical POFZ

400 Feet

Airports with a taxiway located prior to the runway threshold may result in an aircraft being located in the POFZ when it is active. POFZ holding

positions may be needed at these locations.

POFZ Holding Positions

A1 30L

Runway holding position

ILS critical area or POFZ boundary

A second sign on the right side is required in

some situations.

ILS critical area or POFZ holding position

If a hold position is used to protect the POFZ, an ILS hold is used.

Existing POFZ Holding Positions at Eppley Airfield

18 POFZ Holding

Position on Twy Z

18 POFZ Holding

Position on Twy F

The Rwy 18 Glide Slope ILS Hold

Already Protects the POFZ for 18

If the POFZ is already protected by an existing ILS glide slope critical area holding position, an additional POFZ holding position is not needed.

32 APCHA

You’re taxiing south on Taxiway A and notice this red sign. Do you have to stop?

32 APCH A

Taxiing aircraft are required to hold at this position ONLY if directed by ATC.

If directed, you are expected to stop at the 32 APCH hold sign on Taxiway A. ATC has you holding on Taxiway A because either the

approach or departure corridor for Runway 14/32 is active.

Intersection of Taxiways C, A, F, Runway 14R/32L, and Runway 18/36

“Mooney 2KT, contact Eppley tower 132.1”.

“Mooney 2KT, Eppley Tower 132.1”

“Eppley Tower, Mooney 2KT is with you 5 east”.

“Mooney 2KT, Eppley Tower, enter left downwind Runway 18”.

“Mooney 2KT, cleared to land 18.”

“2KT, 2 mile left base”.

“Mooney 2KT, Runway 18, cleared to land”.

RED…Runway Ahead!!x

“MOONEY 2KT, turn left Taxiway Charlie, ground point niner leaving the runway”.

C14L-32R

“Mooney 2KT, left on charlie, ground ‘point niner’”

C14L-32R

“Mooney 2KT, Eppley Ground, hold short Runway 14L.”

“Eppley ground, Mooney 2KT is clear Runway 18 at

charlie to GA parking.”

“Mooney 2KT, hold short Runway 14L.”

C14L-32R

Readback of all hold short instructions is mandatory.

14R/32L

14L/32R

As you taxi closer to Runway 14L-32R, look for the runway hold sign, which provides the “VERTICAL development”

to identify the runway HOLD position. This will be the first “VISUAL” to indicate the hold position. The runway hold sign

will be visible before the hold markings.

C14L-32R

C 14L-32R

14L- 32RC

RED…Runway Ahead!!

STOP AT THE

SOLID LINES

DASH THROUGH

THE DASHED

Orientation of the hold marking to the flow of traffic and its meaning.

12 inches

9 FEET

Remember….Sometimes, the runway hold marking may be difficult to see…….Why?

Reflection of a spinning prop

Focusing on tasks IN the cockpit instead of OUT

Pilot “seating” height

Lack of vertical development

Sun glare and other environmental conditions

14L/32R

C14L 32R

“Mooney 2KT, cross 14L, taxi to

the ramp.”

“MOONEY 2KT, cross Runway 14L, taxi to the ramp.”

14R/32L

Are you on a runway or taxiway?x

Runway and taxiway markings

Taxiway= YELLOW

Runway=WHITE

Before crossing, look right !!!x

Look left !!!x

Danger zone - ATC authorization

required tooperate here.

Caution zone - ATC authorization

required to operate here.

Safe zone

No ATC authorizationrequired to

operateHere.

Movement boundary line -

No ATC clearance required to operate

on this side.

Taxiway edge line

Taxiway Edge Markings

Double dashed

Pilots can cross dashed taxiway edge markings

Pavement outboard of continuous double yellow lines is not available for

aircraft use

Double continuous

79Federal AviationAdministrationx

The Successful Cross Country Part 3 (2010)

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