Post on 15-May-2020
9th October 2019
Jim Rushworth – Industrial Policy Director
THE ROLE OF INNOVATION IN THE CEMENT
2050 ROADMAP
DEEP DECARBONIZATION IN INDUSTRY
Today: 29 Members (27 full Members and
2 Associate Members)
Full Members = national cement
industry associations and cement
companies of the European Union
(with the exception of Malta and
Slovakia) plus Norway, Switzerland
and Turkey
Croatia and Serbia are Associate
Members of CEMBUREAU
Cooperation agreement with
Vassiliko Cement (Cyprus) and the
Ukrainian Cement Association
CEMBUREAU
THE EUROPEAN CEMENT ASSOCIATION
N
PL
CH
SFIN
UK
IRL
E
P I
F
BL
NLD
GRTR
A
CZ
ROH
EST
DKLV
SIHR
BG
LT
RS
CY
UKR
Raw material
transformation into clinker
in the rotary kilnGrinding of clinker and
mineral components
into cement
Preparation of raw
materials
CEMENT PRODUCTION LINE
SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT RENEWABLE ENERGY THERMAL MASS
Quarries Clinker Cement Cement
(10%-15%)
Water
(15%-20%)
Aggregates
(65%-75%)
Concretelimestone
shale, iron,
silica
Clinker
gypsum
extenders
CEMENT & CONCRETE KEY ENABLERS FOR
THE LOW CARBON ECONOMY
2017 GLOBAL CEMENT PRODUCTION
BY REGION
WORLD CEMENT PRODUCTION 2017
BY REGION AND MAIN COUNTRIES %• Global cement production:
4.1 bn tonnes
• Construction markets grow
EU28: +1.7% (2016); + 2.7% (2017)
US: +1.1% (2016); 4.6% (2017)
• Cement consumption recoversEuroconstruct data: +1% (2016); +2.4% (2017); +3.5% (2018)
4.1 bn tonnes2.3 bn tonnes
80 million tonnes 280 million tonnes
175 million tonnes
EVOLUTION SINCE 2001 (2001 figures in red)
88 million tonnes
225 million tonnes 661 million tonnes
30 million tonnes 89 million tonnes 102 million tonnes
EVOLUTION OF GLOBAL CEMENT
PRODUCTION 2001 - 2017
CEMENT CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA:
WORLD OVERVIEW
• World (cement consumption kg/inhab.)
• Some consumers categorized by size (cement consumption kg/inhab.)
1913 1953 1993 2013 2014 2015 2016
25 68 232 557 553 574 565
Large Medium Small
Qatar 2950 Russia 436 Burundi 19
Saudi Arabia 1922 EU28 310 Rwanda 45
China 1705 (300 in 1993,
6 in 1953)
USA 287 Chad 57
India 208 (65 in 1993,
10 in 1953)
Source: ICR, Global Cement Report, 12th Edition, June 2017 & CEMBUREAU, World Cement Market in Figures, 1913-1995
EU CEMENT PRODUCTION TRENDS
Cement production (ktonnes)
CountryLatest data
provided2000 2007 2015 2016 2017
Austria 2017 3,776 5,207 4,726 4,961 5,130
Belgium 2017 7,510 7,498 7,401 7,661 8,148
Bulgaria 2017 1,923 4,324 2,080 1,969 2,107
Croatia 2017 2,751 3,588 2,359 2,359 2,608
Czech Republic 2017 4,044 4,876 3,900 3,951 4,056
Denmark 2017 1,955 2,112 2,000 2,255 2,318
Estonia 2016 329 936 395 412 412
Finland 2017 1,423 1,771 1,174 1,341 1,534
France 2017 19,249 22,074 15,597 15,934 16,851
Germany 2017 35,414 33,382 31,160 32,674 33,991
Greece 2017 14,530 14,286 5,322 6,543 6,187
Hungary 2012 3,351 3,485 1,277 1,277 1,277
Ireland 2017 2,620 4,800 2,911 3,676 3,518
Italy 2017 38,925 47,399 20,825 19,325 19,300
Latvia 2017 240 520 1,018 741 988
Lithuania 2017 573 1,096 980 1,010 1,023
Luxembourg 2017 750 907 1,033 1,073 1,179
Netherlands 2017 3,580 2,933 1,839 2,098 2,274
Poland 2015 15,096 16,797 15,657 15,657 15,657
Portugal 2017 10,343 9,242 5,545 4,074 3,789
Romania 2017 5,431 10,060 8,424 8,038 8,508
Slovenia 2017 1,252 1,507 544 558 654
Spain 2017 38,116 54,720 15,077 15,046 16,082
Sweden 2017 2,651 2,934 2,767 2,792 3,067
United Kingdom 2017 12,452 12,571 9,280 9,370 9,359
CEMBUREAU - EU28 228,284 269,025 163,291 164,795 170,018
Norway 2017 1,650 1,859 1,648 1,746 1,924
Serbia 2017 na na 1,654 1,801 1,908
Switzerland 2017 3,771 4,129 4,280 4,529 4,419
Turkey 2017 35,953 49,256 71,419 75,403 80,606
CEMBUREAU 269,658 324,269 242,292 248,274 258,875
Cyprus 2017 1,157 1,786 788 1,019 1,350
Malta 2017 0 0 0 0 0
Slovak Republic 2017 2,985 3,572 3,309 3,430 3,685
EU28 232,426 274,383 167,388 169,244 175,053
EU CEMENT CONSUMPTION TRENDS
Cement consumption (ktonnes)
CountryLatest data
provided2000 2007 2015 2016 2017
Austria 2017 4,495 5,741 5,123 5,389 5,542
Belgium 2017 6,125 5,954 6,403 6,211 6,148
Bulgaria 2017 1,455 4,252 2,205 2,205 2,126
Croatia 2014 73 3,063 1,307 1,307 1,307
Czech Republic 2017 3,610 5,147 3,665 3,808 4,016
Denmark 2017 1,562 1,861 1,508 1,508 1,759
Estonia 2016 246 659 383 434 434
Finland 2017 1,704 2,042 1,591 1,818 1,971
France 2017 20,633 24,670 17,170 17,429 18,120
Germany 2017 35,782 27,352 26,638 27,497 28,826
Greece 2016 9,073 11,034 2,397 2,397 2,370
Hungary 2013 3,562 4,000 2,255 2,255 2,255
Ireland 2017 3,155 4,806 1,355 1,764 1,972
Italy 2017 38,338 46,368 19,596 18,650 18,650
Latvia 2017 272 895 417 417 295
Lithuania 2017 429 1,050 736 736 877
Luxembourg 2016 532 591 465 457 457
Netherlands 2016 6,270 5,564 4,040 4,240 4,240
Poland 2015 14,360 16,762 15,732 15,732 15,732
Portugal 2017 11,110 7,823 2,745 2,641 2,995
Romania 2015 4,299 9,776 8,292 8,292 8,292
Slovenia 2017 1,106 1,612 743 813 811
Spain 2017 38,439 55,997 11,492 11,140 12,373
Sweden 2017 1,534 2,349 2,315 2,584 2,849
United Kingdom 2017 13,314 13,757 10,890 12,001 11,796
CEMBUREAU - EU28 221,478 263,125 149,464 151,726 156,213
Norway 2016 1,272 2,040 1,901 1,901 1,901
Serbia 2017 na na 1,786 1,925 2,012
Switzerland 2017 3,881 4,549 4,898 5,053 5,086
Turkey 2017 31,515 42,456 63,697 66,805 72,227
CEMBUREAU 258,146 312,170 221,746 227,410 237,439
Cyprus 2017 945 1,792 463 582 731
Malta 2017 224 393 305 300 350
Slovak Republic 2016 1,608 2,476 2,014 1,922 1,922
EU28 224,255 267,786 152,246 154,530 159,216
ROLE OF CEMENT & CONCRETE
IN SOCIETY
INFRASTRUCTURE
USD 3.3 trillion annual
investment needed
URBANIZATION
55% of citizens globally
live in urban areas;
66% by 2050
(adding 2.5 bn,
mainly in Asia/Africa)
CONCRETE
IS ESSENTIAL
- LOW CARBON PRODUCT
- ENERGY EFFICIENT
- CO2 EFFICIENT
- DURABLE
- SAFE & RESILIENT
CLINKER & CEMENT
PRODUCTION
AT START OF INNOVATIVE
SUPPLY CHAIN
- Alternative fuel use
- Novel cements
- Clinker substitution
- Breakthrough CCU
quarries raw materials fuels clinker & cement production
concrete in the built environment recycling end-of-life
CO2 and ENERGY INTENSIVE
LOW CARBON PRODUCT THAT CONTRIBUTES TO
CARBON NEUTRALITY ALONG THE VALUE CHAIN
TAKING RESPONSIBILITY ALONG
THE SUPPLY CHAIN
limestone
shale,
iron,
silica
For recovery of energy and recycling of materials
from waste, we need
- Landfill ban
- National barriers to be addressed
- Material recycling counting towards national
recycling targets
For breakthrough technologies
- Consistent and accessible public
financing / risk financing
For cement and concrete in the built environment
- Standards and building codes that combine
environmental, reliability and durability criteria
- A building life cycle approach
- Recognition of thermal mass and thermal energy storage
in energy efficiency and grid discussions
At the demolition phase
- Join up with the building sector to increase
recyclability of concrete at the end of life
- Recarbonation (concrete as a carbon sink)
A FACILITATING REGULATORY
FRAMEWORK
Overall
need for
CEMENT
CONCRETE
CARBONATION
46% alternative fuel use
replacing fossil fuels
Reducing clinker
to cement ratio
Carbon capture
& storage / useThermal mass of
concrete saves
CO2
CLINKER
CONSTRUCTION
Biodiversity /
responsible quarrying
Novel cements & low
CO2 binders
Admixtures to
optimise mix
constituents
Recyclability of
concrete
Life-cycle analysis
of the built
environment
Up to 25% of process
emissions can be
reabsorbed through
(re)carbonation
VALUE CHAIN APPROACH
“5 C APPROACH”
2050 ROADMAP FOR CEMENT SECTOR
- MtCO2
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1990 2015 2017 2050 2050emissions emissions emissions
783 674 669
530 156
emissions emissions
-32%reduction using
conventional
technologies
-80%reduction using
breakthrough
technologies
Carbon capture technologies -374
Kg
CO
2/t
ce
me
nt
Dir
ec
t, in
dir
ec
t a
nd
tra
ns
po
rt e
mis
sio
ns
in
clu
de
d
Thermal efficiency -18
Alternative fuels -27
Clinker efficient cements -39
Transport efficiency -32
Carbon neutral electrical power -5
New binding materials -18
CO2 REDUCTION MEASURES:
2050 PERSPECTIVE
-15%Reduction
to date
FIVE PARALLEL ROUTES TOWARDS 2050
Technological Pathways to Reduce CO2
Electrification
of Production
ALTERNATIVE FUELS / CO-PROCESSING
46% thermal energy replacement
20.1 M t CO2 avoided/year
Dried sewage sludge, 3%
Animal meal, bone meal and
fat, 7%
Other biomass , 5%
Tyres, 11%
RDF including Plastics, 40%
Solvents, 6%
Impregnated saw dust, 2%
Mixed industrial
waste, 18%
Other fossil based wastes,
8%
BREAKDOWN OF ALTERNATIVE FUELS 2017
30%
16%
54%
THERMAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY FUEL TYPE for the year 2017
Alternative FosilFuels
Biomass
Conventional FossilFuels
CO-PROCESSING POTENTIAL &
ALTERNATIVE RAW MATERIALS
Substitution rate
36% (2012) 60%
(achievable)
95%
(feasible)
Volume waste 10M tonnes 18M tonnes 37M tonnes
Saved public investments 5 - 10 billion € 9 - 16 billion € >16 billion €
Avoided CO2 17M tonnes 26M tonnes 41M tonnes
Ecofys studies (analysing EU and national markets) carried out for CEMBUREAU do not identify technical impediments to take up AF use to
95%. Barriers are regulatory:
- Availability of waste materials/development of waste markets
- Permitting procedures
- Lack of landfill ban for recoverable/recyclable waste
- Market distortions: e.g. biomass subsidies in power generation
ECOFYS study taken up by EU
Commission in “Waste-to-energy”
communication
Satellite burner
Alternative Raw Materials
Bauxite residues
CLINKER SUBSTITUTES /
NOVEL CEMENTS
• Clinker substitution / lower carbon cements new binders /
novel cements product durability remains key▪ Transformation of cement and concrete production: continued efforts for CO2 emissions
reduction
▪ Most commonly used mineral additions to cement, fly ash and slag, becoming short of
supply new replacement materials and admixtures new recipes
▪ Niche applications early development development of cement types suitable for all
user segments
Limestone-calcined clay technology
Belite-Ye’elimite-Ferrite (BYF) class
of low-CO2 binders
Novel hydraulically active
calcium hydrosilicates
Less limestone, lower temperatures and less energy
Cement and concrete cured using CO2
Carbon reinforced concrete
CARBON CAPTURE & USE / STORAGE
OTHER INNOVATION PROJECTS
Forced carbonation of demolition waste
CCS through Calcium Looping
INNOVATION IN BUILDINGS
Building with thermal mass
reinforced steel
concrete
pipe grid
© Aichinger Hoch- und Tiefbau GmbH, Z+B
Building Component Activation
• To enable large scale innovation projects to proceed in Europe it is vital
that Energy Intensive Industries such as cement get access to R&D
funding
• To reach a carbon neutral society by 2050 it is necessary to complete
industry scale demonstration projects before 2030
• Initiatives such as the Innovation Fund, Horizon Europe and IPCEI
(Important Projects Common European Interest) are possible routes to
funding. Which would be supplemented with company investment and EIB
and/or funding through green funding mechanisms
• However to enable role out of these technologies, to ensure there is the
necessary CO2 pipeline infrastructure and sufficient supply of green
energy, significant investment will need to be made by the EU and MSs
FUNDING TO MOVE TO A CLIMATE
NEUTRAL SOCIETY IN 2050
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Thank you for your attention