Post on 19-Dec-2015
The Poultry IndustryThe Poultry Industry
Dr. Michael SmithDr. Michael Smith
U.S. Poultry IndustryU.S. Poultry Industry
Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey
U.S. Poultry IndustryU.S. Poultry Industry Highly specialized and efficient set of Highly specialized and efficient set of
enterprises.enterprises. Leader in trends of industrialization in Leader in trends of industrialization in
agriculture over the last 50 years.agriculture over the last 50 years. Started on family farms in the Midwest – Started on family farms in the Midwest –
grain production plentiful.grain production plentiful. Broilers – small flocks; eggs – grocery money.Broilers – small flocks; eggs – grocery money. Spread to east coast – Maine & Delmarva Spread to east coast – Maine & Delmarva
CaliforniaCalifornia South – labor plentiful, inexpensive housing, South – labor plentiful, inexpensive housing,
mild climatemild climate
Commercial Production Commercial Production TodayToday
95% w/20,000 growers 95% w/20,000 growers 85% of eggs are produced by 2,000 85% of eggs are produced by 2,000
large companieslarge companies 20,000 growers provide 18% of 20,000 growers provide 18% of
productionproduction
ImportanceImportance Poultry convert feedstuff to food efficiently. As Poultry convert feedstuff to food efficiently. As
indicated below, Boilers have the most favorable indicated below, Boilers have the most favorable PER and FC ratio.PER and FC ratio.
SpeciesSpecies Feed/ GrainFeed/ Grain
CattleCattle 6.5 – 7.9 6.5 – 7.9
SheepSheep 6.3 – 7.16.3 – 7.1
SwineSwine 3.1 – 3.9 3.1 – 3.9
BroilersBroilers 1.8 – 2.2 1.8 – 2.2
TurkeysTurkeys 2.5 – 3.2 2.5 – 3.2
ImportanceImportance
Poultry industry is dynamicPoultry industry is dynamic Short period required for growth and Short period required for growth and
marketingmarketing Can adjust rapidly to changing economic Can adjust rapidly to changing economic
factors factors feed, availability, cost, number of birds on feed.feed, availability, cost, number of birds on feed.
Other livestock industries require longer Other livestock industries require longer length of time from birth to market (e.g. length of time from birth to market (e.g. cattle).cattle).
ImportanceImportance
By-product feeds fed to poultry: By-product feeds fed to poultry: blood meal, fish meal, meat and blood meal, fish meal, meat and bone, distillers grains.bone, distillers grains.
Not used for human Not used for human consumptionconsumption
ImportanceImportance
Layers provide a continuous source Layers provide a continuous source of food.of food.
Meat animals must be fed for a long Meat animals must be fed for a long period of time before a usable product is period of time before a usable product is obtained.obtained.
Layers produce several times its weight Layers produce several times its weight in eggs.in eggs.
Products from meat animals are Products from meat animals are restricted to final market weight.restricted to final market weight.
ImportanceImportance
Vegetarians consume eggs.Vegetarians consume eggs.
In some countries meat eaters are the In some countries meat eaters are the minority.minority.
Religion.Religion. Egg consumption acceptable.Egg consumption acceptable.
ImportanceImportance Poultry products are relatively Poultry products are relatively
inexpensive.inexpensive. Poultry meats are one of the best meat Poultry meats are one of the best meat
buys in the supermarket.buys in the supermarket.
ImportanceImportance
Poultry manure as fertilizer. Poultry manure as fertilizer. Organic farmingOrganic farming Premium price?Premium price? Rich in Nitrogen and organic material.Rich in Nitrogen and organic material. By-product feed for ruminantsBy-product feed for ruminants
Present Status of the Present Status of the IndustryIndustry
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/poulsci/techinfo/4Pst39.htm
Broiler ProductionBroiler Production
Broiler ProductionBroiler Production
Egg ProductionEgg Production
Egg ProductionEgg Production
Turkey ProductionTurkey Production
Turkey ProductionTurkey Production
Production FiguresProduction Figures
Production FiguresProduction Figures
Important that producers have a globalImportant that producers have a globalperspectiveperspective
Potential competitorsPotential competitors Potential marketsPotential markets
World Poultry DistributionWorld Poultry Distribution
World Poultry DistributionWorld Poultry Distribution
Retail PriceRetail Price
WashingtoWashington n
D.C.D.C.
Mexico Mexico
CityCityParisParis RomeRome StockholStockhol
mmTokyoTokyo
BroilerBroilerss
1.031.03 .55.55 1.341.34 1.831.83 2.862.86 2.262.26
EggsEggs .77.77 .54.54 .84.84 1.291.29 2.302.30 1.741.74
Figure 1. Per Capita Consumption of Poultry Figure 1. Per Capita Consumption of Poultry in Canada and the United Statesin Canada and the United States
http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/pou4181
Future of the IndustryFuture of the Industry1.1. Increased biotechnology. Embrex InovojectIncreased biotechnology. Embrex Inovoject2.2. Increased mass production- year round Increased mass production- year round
availability of products.availability of products.3.3. More contract andMore contract and integrated production. Larger integrated production. Larger
integrators.integrators.4.4. Increased labor- saving device.Increased labor- saving device.5.5. Sustainable agriculture.Sustainable agriculture.6.6. Increased attention to poultry behavior and Increased attention to poultry behavior and
welfare.welfare.7.7. Increased food safety.Increased food safety.8.8. Increased quality of products.Increased quality of products.9.9. Increased consumption.Increased consumption.
Careers In PoultryCareers In Poultry
Visit Visit http://http://www.poultryscience.orgwww.poultryscience.org
/careers//careers/ http://www.poultrysolutions.com/jobshttp://www.poultrysolutions.com/jobs
/poucarer.htm/poucarer.htm http://www.msstate.edu/dept/poultry/http://www.msstate.edu/dept/poultry/
careers.htmcareers.htm