Post on 18-Jan-2016
The Periodic Table
Research BiologyMr. Luis A. Velázquez
Democritus 400 B.C.Our word atom therefore comes from atomos, a Greek word meaning uncuttable.
Democritus reasoned that if matter could be infinitely divided, it was also subject to complete disintegration from which it can never be put back together.
The three main subatomic particles that form an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons.
The center of the atom is called the nucleus.
( + ) Protons( - ) Electrons(O) Neutrons
Subatomic Particles
Element Symbols•All elements have a symbol.
•The symbol will always be a letter or two.
Example: C, Ca
•The symbol will always begin with a capital letter.
• If the symbol has a second letter it will always be lower case.
Atomic Number
A unique number for each element that equals the number of protons in an atom of that element.
Atomic Mass NumberA unique number for each element that equals the number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of the atom.
In other words is the sum of the nucleus of the atom. (P+N=mass)
PracticeBismuth What is the atomic mass?
Bi
83 209
What is the atomic number?What is the number of protons?
What is the number of neutrons?
83 83
126
209
ElementsA substance that cannot be broken down in to simpler substance.
There 112 elements in the periodic table.
112 total elements
92 natural elements
20 artificial or synthetic elements man-made elements.
Elements
25 needed for life
4 Are essential elements for life they make 99% of living tissue C, H , O, N
1 Element essential for life
Elements
State of Matter of Elements1. Solid is a substance that has definite shape and definite volume.
2. Liquid is a substance that has no definite shape and has definite volume.
3. Gas is a substance that has no definite shape and no definite volume.
1. Some elements are found in nature as gases.
2. There are 11 elements as a gas state.
3.Gases can be classify as stable or unstable gases.
Unstable gases: (5) gases
Stable gases: (6) gases
H, N, O, F, Cl
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
1. Some elements are found in nature as liquids.
2. There are 2 elements as liquid state.
The two liquids are: Br, Hg
Liquids
Summary
1.Gases (11) H,N,O,Cl,F,He,Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,Rn
2.Liquids (2) Br, Hg
3.Solids (99) Li, C,Mg,Mn,Co, Au,Ag,Cu,Fe…
There are 112 elements in the periodic table, the are subdivide into:
Understanding the atom•The atomic number is the number of protons
•The atomic mass number is the number of protons and neutrons. The sum of the nucleus of the atom.
C6
12
Atomic number = Protons = 6
Atomic mass = P + N = 12
Understanding the atom
Cl17
35
Atomic number = Protons = 17
Atomic mass = P + N = 35
P=N=
E= 17
17
18
Understanding the atom
Na11
23
Atomic number = Protons = 11
Atomic mass = P + N = 23
P=N=
E= 11
11
12
Understanding the atom
N7
14
Atomic number = Protons = 7
Atomic mass = P + N = 14
P=N=
E= 7
7
7
Understanding the atom
Ca20
40
Atomic number = Protons = 20
Atomic mass = P + N = 40
P=N=
E= 20
20
20