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The Path Towards Pervasive Computing
A Network ApproachMichel Burger
Embrace Networks
February 14th, 2002
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 2 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Pervasive computing definitions Stages for pervasive computing Emergence and convergence Multiple devices to collection of
devices The user redefined Evolution of a web system Conclusion
Agenda
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 3 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Pre-web definition (before 1997-98) Numerous, casually accessible, often invisible computing
devices
Frequently mobile or imbedded in the environment
Connected to an increasingly ubiquitous network structure
Post-web definition Numerous, casually accessible, often invisible network
access devices (dumb or smart)
User as a network component accessible from anywhere
Instant or casual access to network services delivered by a smart network
Industry specific definitions For wireless people everything is wireless
For communication people everything is about communication
Tailored and non holistic view of pervasive computing
Definitions of pervasive computing
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 4 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Mainframe eramany share a computer
Internet - Widespread Distributed Computinga transition
Ubiquitous Computingmany computers share each of us
PC eraone computer, one person
The Internet and the Web are not just a transition to the next era but a complete
transformation of how computing and network services are perceived and used
Example: 1994 Ubiquitous Computing
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 5 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Multi Channel Deliverymany Devices, many Contexts (one per channel)
Cross Channel Deliverymany Devices, one Context (available to all channels)
Impromptu Networking any Devices, one Context as an Aggregation of many
Services
Three stages of pervasive computing
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 6 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
The devices Small and/or smart devices
The networks Connection everywhere Many levels of networking: fixed (home, enterprise and wide) and
wireless (close, medium and far) The application infrastructure
Frameworks for distributed computing
Frameworks for cross channel delivery
Service proliferation with programmatic interfaces (XML, and objects)
The user experience PC has been well accepted
Wireless devices are being accepted
Emergence of network and interactive TV
Emergence of voice recognition as a network serviceThe web was the convergence of graphical user interface, simple network protocol HTTP, and
simplified version of a formalization of document structure HTML
Emergence and convergence
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 7 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Many different and unrelated contexts
Now
A single context using the most appropriate channels for the most
appropriate experience
Future
From multi-channel to cross-channel
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 8 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Device come and go
expansionreduction
Access to the context is dynamic
transition
Devices act as bridge between contexts
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 9 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
NetworksUser in context Devices
Today access is channel specific
For each serviceFor each user experience
Services
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 10 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Virtual Identity Virtual Identity
User
A Service Level Agreement that defines the best devices for the best
experience
Services
Trust Level Agreement &Service Level
Agreement
Tomorrow access is in two steps
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 11 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
yesterday
Client
Web Server
Evolution of a web system - I
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 12 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Rendering Server
Transaction Server
today
Client
Evolution of a web system - II
yesterday
Client
Web Server
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 13 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Independence of development between the business logic and the rendering
Simplification of the state machines
More dynamic content as an aggregation of the business logic and rendering
operationsProfiling and advertisement added at the rendering level
Scalable solution
Invisible revolution for the end user
Evolution of a web system - II
Rendering Server
Transaction Server
today
Client
yesterday
Client
Web Server
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 14 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
emerging
Context Server
Transaction Server
Real time
interaction Server
Transaction Server
Client Client Client
Client
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
User Server
Evolution of a web system - III
Rendering Server
Transaction Server
today
Client
yesterday
Client
Web Server
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 15 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
emerging
Context Server
Transaction Server
Real time
interaction Server
Transaction Server
Client Client Client
Client
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
User Server
Evolution of a web system - III
Multi channel to cross channel transition
Notion of user based services Calendar, address book,
wallet… Experience profiling, Unbranded network service
profiling
Projection of the user at the network level for permanent presence
New business creation: User Service Provider
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 16 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
User User services
Web service experienceWeb service
profiling
VirtualIdentities
Trust levelagreementPresence
management
Device experience
Experience profiling
Device registration
Device input(localization, mood….)
Useridentification &authentication
Wallet
Shoppingcart
AddressBook
Calendar
Buddy listShared
files
List ofreference
Decisionmaker
Brand/Look&Feelaggregation
The user component details
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 17 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
User Server
Client Client Client
Client
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
tomorrow
ServiceService
Type: transactional
interactive media
informative
emerging
Context Server
Transaction Server
Real time
interaction Server
Transaction Server
User Server
Client Client Client
Client
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
Evolution of a web system - IV
Context Server
Context Server
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 18 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Dynamic system (impromptu networking) transition
Dynamic aggregation of services and users initiated by the users, the context or the services
From a context point of view leverage the users and the
services The solution are inherently multi- services and multi-users
The network becomes a place to deal with services and to meet people
New business creation: Context Service Provider
or (Abstract Estate Provider)
Evolution of a web system - IV
User Server
Client Client Client
Client
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
Rendering Server
ServiceService
Type: transactional
interactive media
informative
Context Server
Context Server
tomorrow
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 19 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Pervasive computing leads to the creation of an Abstract Reality made of Actors, Contexts and Channels: Actors are producers, consumers or manipulators and represent the Services or the Users Channels are the links between the abstract and physical reality and represent the Devices Contexts are what is known at any point of time about the actors, the channels and the relationships between them
Conclusion
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 20 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Questions ?
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 21 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Background Slides
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Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Privateinterface
Look Upor
Registry(UDDI)
Transaction
Server
Web service
Public interface (WSDL) using SOAP
RenderingServer
Transaction Server
Client
Web Service Evolution I
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 23 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
RenderingServer
TransactionServer
Client
Look Up/
Registry(UDDI)
Transaction
Server
Web service
Public interface (WSDL) using SOAP
Look up/
Registry
Web service
Public interface
Programmatic Brand/look&feel
FeatureLevel
agreement(FLA)
Ontology
Mediator
Contentsemantic
description
ExampleGlobalization
ontology
Web Service Evolution II
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 24 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Look up/
Registry
Web service
Public interface (WSDL) using SOAP
WebService
WebService
Context Server
Look up/
Registry
WebService
Web service interface or proxy implementing the interface is added to the context
Public interface to dynamically add and remove web services
Public interface (WSDL using SOAP)
Web Service Evolution III
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 25 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Aggregator in/out
Filter in/out
Transcoder in/out
Producer
ProducerProducerProducerProducerProducer
Filter in/outFilter in/outFilter in/outFilter in/outFilter in/out
Transcoder in/out
Transcoder in/out
Transcoder in/out
Transcoder in/out
Transcoder in/out
Aggregator in/out
Aggregator in/out
Aggregator in/out
Aggregator in/out
Aggregator in/out
ControlContent
Legend
A web service as a combination zero or more of each of the
canonical elements and zero or more web services
0-n 0-n
0-n 0-n
Web serviceWeb serviceWeb serviceWeb serviceWeb service
0-n
Web service
Canonical elements
Web service canonical form
©2001, Embrace Networks Page 26 Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.coml
Michel Burger mburger@embracenetworks.com
Java+JiniJava VMJava RMI
SimulationsConstraintsKnowledgeGenetics Search
Influences:
Actors / Hewitt
SmallTalk VM
Oberon / Wirth
Xerox / Cedar
Miror World’s / Gelertner
Santa Fe Inst. / Holland
DBMS
SpreadsheetWord Processor
Disk OS’s
Device Drivers(disk, tape, serial)
From 1950’s
Disk-Centric Computing
DBMSSpreadsheet
Word Processor
Device Drivers(disk, tape, serial)
TelnetFTP … ServicesHTTPSMTP
TCP / IP
Network Devices(3Com, Cisco, ...)
From 1980’s
Net-Centric Computing
TelnetFTP … Services
HTTPSMTP
Network Devices(3Com, Cisco,...)
Business Logic
Non-Imperative
Logistics
Objects + Agents
Devices / Basic Services(implemented as
objects)
Emerging now
Object-centric Computing
Business LogicNon-Imperative
Logistics
Devices/Basic Services
(implemented as objects)
Evolution of the computing model