Transcript of The Original Democrat: 1829-1837 ...
- Slide 1
- The Original Democrat: 1829-1837
http://images.google.com/search?tbm=isch&hl=en&source=hp&biw=1647&bih=827&q=andrew+jack
son&gbv=2&oq=andrew+ja&aq=0&aqi=g10&aql=&gs_sm=e&gs_upl=1463l5022l0l6212l13l12l1l0l0l0l234l
1501l4.5.2l11l0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Jackson
- Slide 2
- Occupation & Educational Background Jackson was born on
March 15, 1767, shortly after his parents immigrated to America
from Ireland. His father died before he was born. He grew up in a
Scott-Irish community bordering the Appalachians, and was somewhere
on the border of modern North and South Carolina He was sparsely
educated in a field school in the community. He also was a saddle
maker at the outset of his life Before being elected, he was: the
military governor of Florida, a senator for Tennessee, and a member
of the House for Tennessee
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Jackson#Early_life_and_education
- Slide 3
- Election His vice presidents were John C. Calhoun (1829-1832)
and Martin Van Buren (1833-1837) Secretaries of State: Martin Van
Buren (1829-1831); Edward Livingston (1831-1833); Louis Mclane
(1833- 1834); John Forsyth (1834-1837) Secretary of War: John H.
Eaton (1829-1831); Lewis Cass (1831-1836) States admitted into the
Union: Arkansas 1836, and Michigan 1837
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Jackson#States_admitted_to_the_Union
- Slide 4
- Election of 1824 Returning Champ- John Q. Adams VP- John
Calhoun Party: Democratic Republican Popular Votes: 113,000
Electoral Votes: 84 House Votes: 13 Challenger- Andrew Jackson VP-
John Calhoun Party: Democratic Republican Popular Votes: 151,000
Electoral Votes: 99 House Votes: 7
http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/
- Slide 5
- Election of 1824 William Crawford (Democratic Republican)
Popular Votes: 41,000 Electoral Votes: 41 House Votes: 4 Henry Clay
(Democratic Republican) Popular Votes: 47,500 Electoral Votes: 37
House Votes: 0 http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/
- Slide 6
- 1824 Election Scandal In 1824, Andrew Jackson rightfully won
the election- he won in both the popular vote and in the electoral
vote. However, it was such a close race, that neither he nor Adams
had enough electoral votes to win. This made it go to a House vote.
If all House members had voted with their states, Jackson would
have won. However, Henry Clay sold his vote to Adams under the
counter.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Jackson#States_admitted_to_the_Union
- Slide 7
- Presidential Candidate Vice Presidential Candidate Political
PartyPopular VoteElectoral Vote John Quincy Adams John
CalhounDemocratic- Republican 113,142 30.92% 84 Andrew JacksonJohn
CalhounDemocratic- Republican 151,363 41.36% 99 William
CrawfordNathaniel MaconDemocratic- Republican 41,032 11.21% 41
Henry ClayNathon SanfordDemocratic- Republican 47,545 12.99% 37
http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS Election of 1824
- Slide 8
- Election of 1828 Challenger- Andrew Jackson VP- John Calhoun
Party: Democratic Popular Votes: 642,000 Electoral Votes: 178
Returning Champ- John Adams VP- Richard Rush Party: National
Republicans Popular Votes: 501,000 Electoral Votes: 83
http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/
- Slide 9
- Fun Facts Andrew Jackson was the first member of the modern day
democratic party He unknowingly also created the icon of the
donkey- when he was running for president, his opponents called him
a jackass, and he was so amused, that he called himself that for a
short while. A cartoonist then used that emblem in a popular
cartoon, and then it became more widely used. On his deathbed, he
said he had only two regrets in life. One was that he had been
unable to shoot Henry Clay or to hang John Calhoun, the later the
former VP
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Jackson#States_admitted_to_the_
Union
- Slide 10
- Election of 1828 http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/
Presidential Candidate Vice Presidential Candidate Political Party
Popular Vote Electoral Vote Andrew JacksonJohn CalhounDemocratic
642,80 6 55.93% 17868.2% John Quincy Adams Richard Rush Nat'l
Republican 501,96743.68%83 31.8% Others--4,4430.39%0 0.0%
- Slide 11
- Election of 1832 Returning Champ- Andrew Jackson VP-Martin Van
Buren Party- Democratic Popular Votes: 702,000 Electoral Votes: 219
Strongest Challenger- Henry Clay VP- John Sergeant Party- National
Republican Popular Votes: 474,000 Electoral votes: 49
http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/
- Slide 12
- Election of 1832 PresidentialCandidateVice
PresidentialCandidatePoliticalPartyPopular Vote Electoral Vote
Andrew JacksonMartin Van BurenDemocratic702,73554.74%21976.0% Henry
ClayJohn SergeantNat'l Republican474,10736.93%4917.0% John
FloydHenry LeeInd. Democrat00.00%113.8% William WirtAmos
EllmakerAnti-Masonic99,8177.78%72.4% Others--7,0610.55%00.0%
http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/
- Slide 13
- Andrew Jackson Becomes President Nominated by the Tennessee
Legislature for President Defeated John Quincy Adams in 1928 First
President to invite the public to the White House Ball honoring the
inaguration http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presiden
ts/andrewjackson
- Slide 14
- Cult of Domesticity Takes Root A view of the new middle class
of Woman and how they should act Women needed to exhibit four main
characteristics : Piety- more religious than men Purity- pure in
heart, mind, and body Submission- submissive to men Domesticity-
division between work and home, where home was the wifes domain.
These ideas and virtues were found everywhere including women's
magazines, advice books, and popular culture. In the end, lead to
sexism which made woman seem inferior to men
http://www.library.csi.cuny.edu/dept/histor
y/lavender/386/truewoman.html
- Slide 15
- Veto of the Maysville Road Bill On May 27 1830, President
Jackson vetoed bill which allowed the Federal Government to
purchase stock in the Maysville Road company Jackson viewed the
project as a local matter and believe giving federal funds was
unconstitutional Veto of the Maysville Road bill indicated a shift
in how the federal government intends to pay for internal
improvements. Meanwhile, opponents interpreted the move as an abuse
of power. http://millercenter.org/president/keyevents /jackson
- Slide 16
- Webster- Hayne Debate One of the most famous debates in the
Senate Began about the topic of restricting Western Land sales
Senators from Western states viewed this argument as Northeastern
way of preserving their cheap labor supply Hayne began the debate
by stating that States should control their lands, not the feds
Webster said that this would ruin the Union Webster instantly
became famous for his magnificent speech and the issue evaporated
http://www.senate.gov/vtour/webhayn.htm
- Slide 17
- Indian Removal Act Signed into law on May 30, 1830 authorizing
the president to grant unsettled lands west of the Mississippi in
exchange for Indian lands within existing state borders. A few
tribes went peacefully, but many resisted the relocation policy
Affected tribes include the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek,
and Seminole tribes http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdoc
s/Indian.html
- Slide 18
- Nat Turners Rebellion Nat Turner, a slave owned by Joseph
Travis believed he was chosen by G-d to start a slave rebellion
Turner and seven other slaves killed Travis and his family, Killed
in total 50 whites Turner hoped this would start a rebellion but he
was only joined by 75 other slaves 3,000 members of state militia
sent to deal with Turner More than a hundred innocent slaves were
killed Nat Turner was eventually executed November 11, 1831
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USA SturnerR.htm
- Slide 19
- Black Hawk War (1831-32) In May of 1832 Sac and Fox Indians
under the leadership of Black Hawk returned to their homes across
the Mississippi River Their return to northern Illinois sparked
widespread panic among white settlers Illinois Governor Reynolds
quickly called up the militia Short war gave momentum to Indian
removal acts Known for giving young Abraham Lincoln his brief
military service http://lincoln.lib.niu.edu/blackhawk/
- Slide 20
- Peggy Eaton Affair Peggy ONeale was a vivacious women who
attracted attention of John Eaton She then married John Eaton who
became Secretary of War to Jackson Jacksons Vice President, John
Calhoun and his wife Florida Calhoun insulted and hated Mrs. Eaton
The major significance of the scandal was that John Caldwell
Calhoun became the first vice president to resign from office, and
be replaced by Martin Van Buren There was so much drama that some
of the cabinet also resigned
http://www.academicamerican.com/jefferso
njackson/topics/eaton.htm
- Slide 21
- Cherokee Nation v. Georgia A U.S Supreme Court The Cherokee
Nation sought a federal injunction against laws passed by the state
of Georgia Which deprived them of rights within its boundaries The
Supreme Court did not hear the case on its merits. It ruled that it
had no original jurisdiction in the matter, as the Cherokee were a
dependent nation, with a relationship to the United States
http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/hist
orics/USSC_CR_0030_0001_ZO.html
- Slide 22
- First Issue of The Liberator Published On January 1st 1831,
William Garrison published the first issue of "The Liberator." This
newspaper was dedicated to the immediate ending of slavery. The
abolitionists played an important role in developing opposition to
slavery. http://www2.lib.udel.edu/database/liberato r.html
- Slide 23
- Worcester v. Georgia U.S Supreme Court Case Held that the
Georgia Criminal statue which prohibits non-Indians from being
present on Indian lands without a license from a state was:
Unconstitutional Laid out the relationship between state, tribe,
and federal government http://www.oyez.org/cases/1792-
1850/1832/1832_2
- Slide 24
- South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification In 1828, Congress
passed a high protective tariff that the southern states felt only
benefited the industrialized north The nullification in South
Carolina, allowed South Carolina to completely disqualify the
tariff in South Carolina. As far as South Carolina was concerned,
no tariff existed http://www.ushistory.org/us/24c.asp
- Slide 25
- Jackson Proclamation in response to S.C Ordinance of
Nullification Jackson Proclamation to the People of South Carolina
stated outlines the actions taken by the South Carolina
legislature; It rejects the insistence on state sovereignty, Focuss
on the preservation of the Union as the primary issue It declares
nullification to be "incompatible with the existence of the Union
The proclamation also appeals to citizens to resist the violation
of the constitution.
http://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/jack01.asp
- Slide 26
- Veto of Bill to re-charter the Second Bank of U.S On July 10,
1832, President Andrew Jackson vetoed a bill that would have
renewed the corporate charter for the Second Bank of the United
States The Second Bank of the United States was created in the
aftermath of the War of 1812 Jackson felt that it neither necessary
nor proper for the federal government to authorize and permit the
existence of an institution so big that only directly benefited a
privileged few. http://millercenter.org/president/events/07
_10
- Slide 27
- Force Act The force bill enacted in 1833 consists of 8 sections
that expanded Presidential Powers Originally intended to allow
President Jackson use of whatever force to enforce Federal tariffs
Intended to stop South Carolinas refusal to collect tariffs during
the Nullification Crisis The importance of the Force Bill is that
it is the first piece of legislation to publicly deny the right of
withdrawal of individual states
http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/index.a
sp?document=844
- Slide 28
- Andrew Jackson Begins Second Term as President For the first
time in American history, candidates for president and
vice-president had been chosen in national nominating conventions.
The Democrats nominated Andrew Jackson for president and Martin Van
Buren of New York The National Republicans chose Henry Clay of
Kentucky for president Jackson won handily, polling 688,242 votes
to 473,462 for Henry Clay. In the electoral college, Jackson won
219 votes to only 49 for Clay. http://www.trivia-library.com/b/u-s-
president-andrew-jackson-reelection-and- second-term.htm
- Slide 29
- Compromise Tariff The Tariff of 1833 (Compromise Tariff) was
proposed by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun as a resolution to the
Nullification Crisis It was adopted to gradually reduce the rates
after southerners objected to the tariffs of Jackson and threatened
withdrawal from the Union. http://facweb.furman.edu/~corth/shdb/me
diawiki_1.3137.html
- Slide 30
- Cyrus McCormick invents the Reaper The invention of the reaping
machine by Cyrus Hall McCormick in Virginia brought about an end to
tedious handiwork It also encouraged the invention and manufacture
of other labor-saving farm implements and machinery It could
harvest more grain than five men using the earlier cradles.
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventor s/blmccormick.htm
- Slide 31
- Samuel Colt Patents the Revolver Samuel Colt invented the first
revolver, a gun named after its inventor "Colt", and after its
revolving cylinder "revolver" Before the Colt revolver only one and
two-barrel flintlock pistols had been invented for hand held use
Colt also greatly contributed to the use of interchangeable
parts.Colt wanted all the parts on every Colt gun to be
interchangeable and made by machine.
http://inventors.about.com/od/cstartinventi
ons/a/colt_revolver.htm
- Slide 32
- Treaty of New Echota sighed with Cherokees The treaty
established terms under which the entire Cherokee Nation was
expected to cede its territory in the Southeast and move west to
the Indian Territory The treaty was not approved by the Cherokees
but it was still ratified by the U.S senate The Treaty became the
basis for the forced removal of Indian nations also known as the
Trail of Tears http://www.oswego.edu/academics/colleges
_and_departments/departments/public_jus
tice/resources/Treaties.pdf
- Slide 33
- Alexis de Tocqueville writes Volume I of Democracy in America
Democracy in America is classic French text written by Alexis de
Tocqueville In the book, Tocqueville examines the democratic
revolution that he believed had been occurring over the past
seven-hundred years In 1831, Tocqueville and his friend were sent
by the French Government to America to study the prison systems
However Tocqueville used this as a pretext to study American
Society http://www.answers.com/topic/alexis-de- tocqueville
- Slide 34
- Beginning of Second Seminole War By the terms of the Treaty of
Paynes Landing (1832), the Seminole were supposed to migrate west
of the Mississippi River within 36 months The largest faction of
Seminole, led by their chief Osceola refused to go A war ensued
where thousands of Seminoles died, and cost America 30 million
dollars A few hundred managed to remain in the Everglades under the
leadership of Billy Bowlegs, their principal chief, where the third
Seminole war would begin. http://www.u-s-
history.com/pages/h1139.html
- Slide 35
- Texas War for Independence Texas used to be an republic of
Mexico They invited Americans to settle in the sparsely populated
area of Texas The differences between the two nations caused a
aggressive situation The Texas Revolution began in 1835 when the
Americans thwarted the attempts of Mexican soldiers, to disarm
them. In the end, Texas won over Mexico and became Independent Ten
years later, Texas was annexed by the United States.
http://www.military.com/Resources/History
SubmittedFileView?file=history_texaswar.ht m
- Slide 36
- Specie Circular The Specie Circular (Coinage Act) was an
executive order issued by President Jackson in 1836 It was carried
out by President Martin Van Buren because it was one of Jacksons
last acts It required payment for government land to be in gold and
silver http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/E/bankwar/bank war11.htm
- Slide 37
- First McGuffey's Readers Published McGuffey's Readers were the
first textbooks used in public schools The first reader of 1841
introduced the McGuffey's ethical code The books outline history,
biology, astronomy, zoology, botany; table manners, behavior
towards family, attitudes toward God and teachers, the poor; the
great and the good. http://mcguffeyreaders.com/1836_original.h
tm
- Slide 38
- Charles River Bridge v. Warren River Bridge In 1785, the
Massachusetts legislature incorporated the Charles River Bridge
Company to construct a bridge and collect tolls. In 1828, the
legislature established the Warren Bridge Company to build a free
bridge nearby. The new bridge deprived the old one of traffic and
tolls. The Charles River Bridge Company filed suit, claiming the
legislature had defaulted on its initial contract. In a 5-to-2
decision, the Court held that the state had not entered a contract
that prohibited the construction of another bridge on the river at
a later date. http://www.oyez.org/cases/1792- 1850/1836/1836_0
- Slide 39
- John Deere invents steel tipped plow In 1837, John Deere
designed the first cast steel plow that greatly helped the Great
Plains farmers. The large plows were made for cutting the tough
prairie ground which were called "grasshopper plows." The plow was
made of wrought iron and had a steel share that could cut through
sticky soil without clogging. John Deere became a millionaire
selling his steel plows.
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventor s/bldeere.htm
- Slide 40
- Quotes about Jackson Positive- The Soldier Boy of the First War
of Independence The Veteran Hero of the Second; Now the Honest,
Unassuming Farmer of Tennessee -the magazine Albany Argus in 1828
The first of statesmen, he never devised, he never framed a
measure. He was the most candid of men, and was capable of the
profoundest dissimulation. A most law-defying, law- obeying
citizen. A stickler for discipline, he never hesitated to disobey
his superior. A democratic autocrat. An urbane savage. His
biography by James Parton
http://xroads.virginia.edu/~cap/jackson/ima.htm
- Slide 41
- Quotes about Jackson Negative "an honest man and the idol of
the worshippers of military glory, but from incapacity, military
habits, and habitual disregard of laws and constitutional
provisions, altogether unfit for the office.- Albert Gallatin Adams
supporters finally got organized and returned fire with a
vengeance. Jackson, they said, had aided Aaron Burr when the latter
conspired against the union in 1806, and had invaded Florida and
nearly started an international incident. In fact, he had the
personality of a dictator. Not only that, he couldnt spell
(supposedly, he spelled Europe Urope). -
http://anythingforavote.blogspot.com/2008/02/andrew-jackson-vs-john-q-
adams-now.html
http://anythingforavote.blogspot.com/2008/02/andrew-jackson-vs-john-q-
adams-now.html
- Slide 42
- Influences, Consequences, and Impact Andrew Jackson was
anti-federalist, and anti-bureaucracy minded This was shown in his
fight against the existence of a national bank Andrew Jackson was a
charismatic man, and good at giving orders, but bad at taking
orders He was peoples person, and also kind of crazy He weakened
Congress, and Disobeyed the Supreme Court He had harsh Indian
removal policies His cause and what he stood for has mostly failed
in the modern world. The government is a large bureaucracy, and
very involved in civilian life. It is significantly more powerful
than the states, which Jackson abhorred. Andrew Jackson had
significant influence on the president after him, Van Buren. This
was because VB was his vice president He was a man of the south,
and used his background as a campaigning platform He was also one
of many presidents who were military war heroes before becoming
president
- Slide 43
- Summary At the end of the day, Andrew Jackson was a pretty
awesome guy. He was was the first president who someone tried to
assassinate. He was also the the first President to survive
assassination. Here is how you know the gods loved this man: The
assassin had 2 pistols on him at the time. Andrew Jackson was an
old man at this point. The shooter fired one pistol, and then the
other. On a dry, clear day, both pistols misfired. Andrew Jackson
then closed the gap and assaulted him with his cane, whilst others
disarmed him. He already had the nickname Old Hickory, but he
earned it here. Another testament to his greatness was when he
dueled a man, agreed to shoot second, took a bullet to the chest,
whipped out his pistol, shot the man dead, and lived to tell the
tale.
- Slide 44
- The End By Drew Turner and Miriam Kaufman Period 7 10-7-11