The Microscope and Micro-Organism

First person to make and use a lot of microscopes.The first person to make

and use a lot of microscopes was a Dutchman named Anton Leeuwenhoek. Leeuwenhoek lived in the 1600s in the Netherlands, and owned a store full of cloth. Most of Leeuwenhoek’s microscopes were tiny things, not much larger than 1” x 2”.

How to calculate the Magnification on a microscope. To calculate the

magnification of the things you are looking at, multiply the power of the eyepiece by the power of the objective.

Making a Wet Mount  Place a drop of water in the

center of the slide with an eye dropper.

Use tweezers to place the sample on the top of the water drop.

Hold the cover slip upright so that one edge of the slip touches the edge of the drop of water.

Gently lower the cover slip over the drop of water and sample, trying not to trap any bubbles.

Units of Measurement1 meter (m) =

_______ Centimeters (cm)

1 meter (m) = _______ Millimeters (mm)

1 centimeter = ______ Millimeters (mm)

100, 1,000 and 10

Parts of the MicroscopeEyepieceRevolving nosepieceThe armThe stageThe diaphragmThe coarse

adjustment knobThe mirror

EyepieceIs the part of the

microscope closest to your eye, through which you look. It contains the ocular lens, which makes the image produced by the objective’s lenses larger.

Revolving nosepieceHolds the objectives

and allows you to change objectives while looking at a slide.

The armIs the curved metal

piece that holds the body tube in place over the stage and the base.

The stageIs the flat surface on

which you put your slides or samples.

The diaphragmIs used to adjust the

amount of light shining through the sample on the stage.

The coarse adjustment knobIs the large knob

used to adjust the position of the body tube, allowing you to quickly bring your sample into view.

The mirrorLocated beneath the

stage and diaphragm, increase the amount of light shining through your sample.

Micro-OrganismVolvoxEuglenaCyclopsElodea leafHydraSpirogyraVorticellaAnabaena

VolvoxMost developed in a

series of genera that form spherical colonies.

Each mature Volvox colony is composed of numerous flagellate cells.

Euglenaunicellular protists,

of the class Euglenoidea of the phylum Euglenozoa (also known as Euglenophyta).

They are single-celled organisms. Currently, over 1,000 species of Euglena have been described.

Cyclopsis a genus of small

freshwater crustaceans (copepods)

characterized by a single eye spot on the head segment.

Cyclops also feature antennae, a segmented body, 5 pairs of legs, and a divided "tail" called a furca.

Elodea leafElodea leaf is

composed of two layers of cells.

HydraA simple fresh-water animal

possessing radial symmetry. Hydras are predatory

animals belonging to the phylum Cnidaria and the class Hydrozoa.[

They can be found in most unpolluted fresh-water ponds, lakes and streams in the temperate and tropical regions by gently sweeping a collecting net through weedy areas

SpirogyraAre green algae of the

order Zygnematales, named for the helical or spiral arrangement of the chloroplasts that is diagnostic of the genus.

It is commonly found in freshwater areas, and there are more than 400 species.

Vorticellais a genus of

protozoa, with over 16 known species.

They are stalked inverted bell-shaped ciliates, placed among the peritrichs.

AnabaenaAnabaena are from a

genus of filamentous cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae, found as plankton.

It is known for its nitrogen fixing abilities, and they form symbiotic relationships with certain plants, such as the mosquito fern.