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The Latest Numbers on The Latest Numbers on Alabama AgricultureAlabama Agriculture
November 8, 20043rd Butler/Cunningham Conference
Farm NumbersFarm Numbers
0
50
100
150
200
250
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 2003
000 Farms
Alabama Land in FarmsAlabama Land in Farms
0
5
10
15
20
25
50 54 59 64 69 74 78 82 87 92 97
Mill
ion
Acr
es
Farm land Farm land accounted for 64 % accounted for 64 % of the state’s total of the state’s total 32.5 million acre 32.5 million acre land area in 1950land area in 1950
In 1997, farm land In 1997, farm land accounted for 27%accounted for 27%
Source: Census of Agriculture
Trend Continues at Increasing RateTrend Continues at Increasing Rate
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
9
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
1997 2002
Mil
Acr
es
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
000
Far
ms
Land in Farms Farms
From 1997 to 2002, From 1997 to 2002, farm numbers declined farm numbers declined 10%10%– Most were <$10K SalesMost were <$10K Sales– 80% were <180 acres80% were <180 acres
Land in Farms Land in Farms declined 6%declined 6%
Source: 2002 Census of Ag
Harvested CroplandHarvested Cropland
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
50 54 59 64 69 74 78 82 87 92 97
Mill
ion
Acr
es
In 1997, cropland accounted for 6 In 1997, cropland accounted for 6 % of total farm land% of total farm land
Cropland accounted for 18 % of Cropland accounted for 18 % of total land area in 1950total land area in 1950
Source: Census of Agriculture
Harvested CroplandHarvested Cropland
1.90
1.95
2.00
2.05
2.10
2.15
2.20
Mil
Acr
es
1997 20028% Decrease in 5 years
Source: 2002 Census of Ag
Farm Counts by Farm Counts by SizeSize
Acres per Farm - 2002Acres per Farm - 2002
2% 1%
17%
38%
31%
6%5%
1-9 10-49 50-179180-499 500-999 1000-19992000+
75% of farms are 180 75% of farms are 180 acres or lessacres or less
500 acre plus farms 500 acre plus farms make up 8% of totalmake up 8% of total
2,000 acre plus farms 2,000 acre plus farms total 523, or 1% total 523, or 1%
Farm Counts by Farm Counts by Value of SalesValue of Sales
Percent of Farms and Value of SalesPercent of Farms and Value of Sales
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
$500,000 or more
$250,000 to $499,000
$100,000 to 249,000
$50,000 to $99,000
$10,000 to $49,000
Less than $10,000
Farms
Value of Sales
Source: 2002 Census of Ag
10 % of Alabama farms produce 90 % of the market value 10 % of Alabama farms produce 90 % of the market value of products soldof products sold
1.4 % of farms sell $1,000,000 or more of ag products and 1.4 % of farms sell $1,000,000 or more of ag products and account for nearly 40 % of all salesaccount for nearly 40 % of all sales
Nearly three-fourths of all farms sell less than $10,000 of Nearly three-fourths of all farms sell less than $10,000 of ag products (less than 3% of all sales)ag products (less than 3% of all sales)
Farm StructureFarm Structure
95.1
0.2 0.54.2
Individual/Family
Partnership
Non-FamilyCorporation
Cooperative
Net Returns per Net Returns per FarmFarm
Net Gains & LossesNet Gains & Losses
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Gains Losses
Far
ms
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
Do
llar
s
Number of Farms Dollars per Farm
More farms with losses More farms with losses than gains in 2002than gains in 2002
Farms w/gains Farms w/gains averaged $21,000 on averaged $21,000 on the plus sidethe plus side
Farms w/losses Farms w/losses averaged $10,000 lossaveraged $10,000 loss
Overall, farms Overall, farms averaged $7,100 gainaveraged $7,100 gain
Net Returns by Sales GroupNet Returns by Sales Group Farms with $10,000 or Farms with $10,000 or
more in sales had a more in sales had a positivepositive net return net return
Farms with less than Farms with less than $10,000 in sales had a $10,000 in sales had a negativenegative return return
Sales Category # of Farms Gain/LossSales Category # of Farms Gain/Loss
$ 1,000,000 +$ 1,000,000 + 667 667 $229,556 $229,556 GainGain 500,000 – 999,999500,000 – 999,999 1,403 1,403 73,999 73,999 GainGain 250,000 – 499,999250,000 – 499,999 1,355 1,355 52,195 52,195 GainGain 100,000 – 249,000100,000 – 249,000 1,299 1,299 27,993 27,993 GainGain 50,000 - 99,99950,000 - 99,999 1,142 1,142 12,131 12,131 GainGain 25,000 - 49,99925,000 - 49,999 1,825 1,825 6,061 6,061 GainGain 10,000 - 24,99910,000 - 24,999 5,527 5,527 2,235 2,235 GainGain
5,000 - 9,9995,000 - 9,999 6,274 6,274 1,450 1,450 LossLoss 2,500 - 4,9992,500 - 4,999 6,349 6,349 2,302 2,302 LossLoss 1,000 - 2,4991,000 - 2,499 6,368 6,368 2,728 2,728 LossLoss Less than 1,000Less than 1,000 13,185 13,185 2,812 2,812 LossLoss
Net Returns by Farm Net Returns by Farm Type or EnterpriseType or Enterprise
Farm EnterpriseFarm Enterprise
Beef Cattle51%
Hogs0%
Sheep/Goats2%
Poultry/Egg8%
Fruit/Veg/Nut5%
Row Crop22%
Dairy0%
Nursery2%
Other10%
Net Returns per FarmNet Returns per Farm
-$10,000
$10,000
$30,000
$50,000
$70,000
$90,000
$110,000
Beef Cattle Row Crop Poultry/Egg Fruit/Veg Sheep/Goats Nursery Hogs Dairy
Most nursery operations (71%) have less than Most nursery operations (71%) have less than $50,000 net return….very large nurseries have $50,000 net return….very large nurseries have major influence on averagemajor influence on average
Likewise, about half of dairies net less than Likewise, about half of dairies net less than $50,000 per farm – not many left$50,000 per farm – not many left
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
Dollars per Lb
ALABAMA COTTON PRICES
What do our What do our largest largest
farms look like?farms look like?
$1,000,000 Plus Gross Sales$1,000,000 Plus Gross Sales
648 Farms (1% of all farms)648 Farms (1% of all farms) 77% are poultry operations77% are poultry operations 7% are nursery/greenhouse operations7% are nursery/greenhouse operations 6% are row crop farms6% are row crop farms
FarmFarmDemographicsDemographics
Average Age of Principal OperatorAverage Age of Principal Operator
52.3
51.1
51.853.1
54.8 54.7
56.6
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
Ag
e
74 78 82 87 92 97 O2
Census Year
Age Groups - 2002Age Groups - 2002
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000
<25
25-34
35-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70+
# of operators
TenureTenure
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
2 or Less 3-4 5-9 10 or More
Years on Farm
Operators
72%
18%
7%3%
Percent of Operator’s Total Percent of Operator’s Total Income from FarmingIncome from Farming
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
Less than25%
25-49 50-74 75-99 100%
% of Total Income
# of Operators
74%
6%
Days Worked off the FarmDays Worked off the Farm
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
No Daysworkedoff thefarm
At LeastOne Dayworkedoff thefarm
1-49Days
50-99Days
100-199Days
200 +Days
55% of primary 55% of primary operators worked operators worked off the farmoff the farm
Of those working Of those working off the farm, 75% off the farm, 75% worked 200 days worked 200 days or more, or more, essentially full essentially full time jobtime job
# of operators
The larger the farm size, the fewer days worked off The larger the farm size, the fewer days worked off the farmthe farm
However, a However, a 260260 acre farm still has as many acre farm still has as many primary operators working off the farm as notprimary operators working off the farm as not
And, even the And, even the 2,0002,000 acre plus farms have 31% of acre plus farms have 31% of operators working off the farm, with 59% of those operators working off the farm, with 59% of those working 200 days or moreworking 200 days or more
Finally, the numbers tell a lot about Finally, the numbers tell a lot about Alabama farms……Alabama farms……
But,But,They don’t tell an equally important They don’t tell an equally important
story - conservation practices of story - conservation practices of farms and their contribution toward a farms and their contribution toward a
safe and clean rural environmentsafe and clean rural environment
www.usda.gov/nasswww.usda.gov/nass
Click on Census of AgricultureClick on Census of Agriculture
National, State, and County DataNational, State, and County Data
Data QueriesData Queries
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