The Global Potentials for Small to Mid-Sized Wind

(10-500 Kw) Production: Using Specific Case Studies

Thomas L. AckerDean Howard Smith

Brandt WeathersAnd

Anna Zinenko

Solar pumps in Africaincrease agriculturalproductivity andaccess to water.Courtesy of UNEP.

The Global Heartache

No community with a sense of justice, compassion or respect for basic human

rights should accept the current pattern of adaptation. Leaving the world’s poor to

sink or swim with their own meagre resources in the face of the threat posed by climate change is morally wrong. We are drifting into a world of ‘adaptation

apartheid’.Desmond Tutu

World Bank

1.6 billion people have no access to electricity.

UNDPA clear positive

causative correlation between energy access and use and the resulting level of development

Rich nations the oppositeLas Vegas

Dean is Leaving

This is the project I want to develop

IPCCIntergovernmenta

l Panel on Climate Change, Working Group II, estimated that between 75 and 250 million people in Africa alone will be under food and water stress by 2020

Too Much H2ONathifa Janaa cradled her feverish son in the

shade of an acacia tree, looking to the skies that for the last six weeks have brought driving rain and floods to the village of Kumahumato in remote northeastern Kenya.

"I have no food left in the house to feed my family. If my neighbours have nothing to offer then there is just water to drink," said Janaa, rubbing three-year-old Mohammed's malnourished stomach as she awaited the arrival of emergency food rations.

Not Enough H2OSomalia is one of the

countries worst affected by a

drought which has hit the Horn of

Africa, leaving some 11.5 million people in need of food aid.

A Daily Issue: DrinkingThis family in

western Somalia stand

by the roadside, begging for

water night and day. Their well has run dry and

the nearest water is 12km

away

What is your Reality?

Our Kenya Case Study34 million souls144 kilowatt

hours per year! The best I have

had is 270/monthMostly in Nairobi

& touristsLess than 5% of

rural residents

Kikuyu village just outside Nyeri Roughly 150 homes Subsistence

agriculture and growing coffee and corn for export.

The traditional crops of millet, peas and sorghum are still grown.

100 Kilowatt Wind Turbine Is Dropped Into Our Village

This turbine will be a highly advanced collection of technology with various co-generation aspects and co-consumption uses.

Punch line to come!

Home ElectricityLights and CookingThe World Health

Organization has estimated that indoor air pollution is responsible for 1.6 million deaths a year as people use “dung, wood, crop waste and coal” for their essential energy source.

Home Electricity

Increased healthImproved productivity

Improved education

Improved culture

RefrigerationNutritionMedicinesIncreased

productivity

StorageCo-generation hydroClosed water pumping

systemLarge scale experiments

seem to workCheck with Tom Acker

Co-ConsumptionGround water

pumpingMechanical or

electricVillage wells

Desalination as necessaryVarying

technologiesIrrigation

Co-ConsumptionGrinding grainCompressed air

Vehicles for hauling, local transport

Women peer inside structure containing grinding mill purchased with SSH funds. It will allow them to use their time for other important tasks, including child care and engaging in income-generating activities

These products will generate revenue for them that will help maintain the mill and fund further community development projects.

Niger, Special Self-Help Program, US Dept of State.

InputsOutputs

The ConduitImportsRaw Materials

Energy

Waste

Exports

Jacobs’ Conduit

Use, reuse, recycle

Stretching

Tinkering

Jacobs

ExpansionGrowthQuantitative

DevelopmentQualitative

Singing and dancing

FoodMoreNutrition“Overall, about

19.1 percent of the children under age five are estimated to be under weight. About 30.6 percent and 4.8 percent are thought to be stunted and wasted respectively.” UNDP

More Productive“It is estimated that only

53% of the households in Kenya walk for less than 15 minutes to fetch water.”

Less wasted laborClean water

Feedback Loops

Positive loopsVicious circlePolar Ice

Negative LoopsShortages and surplusesIncreased storms

Positive Feedback

More and better food

More and clean water

More and better crops

Loop it

Better nutritionBetter lightingBetter waterBetter education

More stretching

Building materialsBasketsBroomsWoven items

New Exports

Sorghum itemsGrainTinkering

UNDP Action PlanA program for using community based village

banks to provide credit to over 1000 enterprises and training 2000 artisans on product design and development.

Local, sustainable inputs and labor

Other IssuesLeapfrogging technologiesPopulation growth???HIV/AIDS

Watching over the unloading, village elder Abdi Dubat, 57, reminisced about his lost wealth and pride. His once 500-strong herd of cattle, sheep and camels funded his 10 marriages, children's education, even a pilgrimage to Mecca, before consecutive droughts wiped out his herd."The women would see my wealth and shout 'Come and marry me Abdi Dubat'. Now they just run away," he said laughing at himself.

The GoalSinging and Dancing

Punch LineVery few producers