The Emergence of Modern AmericaThe Emergence of Modern America

The Progressive Era

Progressive Movement

Progressivism: lasted from mid-1890s through World War I

Progressivism was a set of attitudes as well as a definable movement

Reflected worry about the state of society and social issues

A spirit of hopefulness and confidence in human progress

Focus of the Progressive Movement

1. Political - aimed to return control of the government to the people

2. Economic - restore economic opportunities

3. Social - correct injustices in American life

4. Moral - Stressed individual morality and collective action

Progressivism Characteristics

1. Concern about the effects of industrialization and the conditions of industrial life

2. Fundamental optimism about human nature (investigate, educate and legislate)

Progressivism Characteristics

3. Willingness to intervene in people’s lives

4. Used government at all levels

5. Looked to change the environment

Muckrakers

Journalists who wrote about the corrupt side of business in mass circulation magazines

Ida TarbellJacob RiisUpton Sinclair

Ida Tarbell

attacked Standard OilOligopoly – the control

of commodity or service by a small number of large powerful companies

The History of Standard Oil

led to the outlawing of monopolies in the United States

Jacob Riis

Photo journalistBook “How the Other

Half Lives”Riis was successful in

awakening public awareness to the plight of New York's tenement

Jacob Riis

Upton Sinclair

“The Jungle” Revealed the despair

of immigrants working in Chicago’s stockyards and revealed the unsanitary conditions of the industry.

The Jungle

Turn to page 556 – read the excerpt form The Jungle by Upton Sinclair

A Modern Progressive PresidentA Modern Progressive President

Teddy Roosevelt - “Square Deal”Teddy Roosevelt - “Square Deal”◦ 1901-19091901-1909◦ Assertive, loud New York Governor – moved into VP Assertive, loud New York Governor – moved into VP

position by Political Machine to get him out of NYposition by Political Machine to get him out of NY Became president when McKinley assassinatedBecame president when McKinley assassinated

◦ Managed Natural ResourcesManaged Natural Resources National Park Systems & ReservesNational Park Systems & Reserves

◦ Supervised Big BusinessSupervised Big Business Passed Sherman Anti-Trust ActPassed Sherman Anti-Trust Act Battled MonopoliesBattled Monopolies Arbitration of StrikesArbitration of Strikes

◦ Protected ConsumersProtected Consumers Meat Inspection & Pure Food & Drug ActsMeat Inspection & Pure Food & Drug Acts

Progressive President #2Progressive President #2

William TaftWilliam Taft◦ 1909-19131909-1913◦ Attacked trustsAttacked trusts

Standard Oil & American Standard Oil & American TobaccoTobacco

◦ Expanded National ForestsExpanded National Forests◦ Supported Workplace Safety Supported Workplace Safety

LawsLaws◦ Established Children’s BureauEstablished Children’s Bureau

Progressive President #3Progressive President #3

Woodrow Wilson – “Wilson’s Woodrow Wilson – “Wilson’s New Freedom”New Freedom”◦ 1913-19211913-1921◦ Ran against Teddy Roosevelt w/ Ran against Teddy Roosevelt w/

Bull Moose PartyBull Moose Party◦ Supported by Party Bosses, but Supported by Party Bosses, but

attacked political corruption after attacked political corruption after electedelected

◦ ““New Freedom” reduced tariffs, New Freedom” reduced tariffs, reformed banks, regulated trusts, reformed banks, regulated trusts, protected workersprotected workers

Political Cartoons

The Gilded Age became known for both prosperity and social ills. The Progressive Era advocated a wide range of reforms.

Many “Muckrakers” created political cartoons to depict the issues of the time period.

Analyze 4 out of the 6 political cartoons using the Cartoon Analysis Guide

http://www.authentichistory.com/images/postcivilwar/cartoons/1900_jd_rockefeller_01.html

“The Octopus,” 1904

“The Bosses of the Senate,” 1890

“The Robber Barons of Today,” 1889

Your Turn

Create a political cartoon that focuses on one of the issues of the Progressive Era.

Look at Chapter 17 in your book for ideas.Your cartoon must be neat and it must be

colored.On the back of your cartoon write an

explanation of the meaning of your cartoon.

Be ready to share with the class.