• The Earth System• Minerals• Rocks

• ANSWER:ANSWER: A terrarium is a simple, closed one of these. A terrarium is a simple, closed one of these.• QUESTION: What is a system?QUESTION: What is a system?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The four open systems that make The four open systems that make up the Earth.up the Earth.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are the atmosphere, hydrosphere, What are the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere?biosphere, and geosphere?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The The ““spheresphere”” that YOU are that YOU are a part of.a part of.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is the biosphere? What is the biosphere?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: Continents, islands, and the Continents, islands, and the seafloor are all parts of this.seafloor are all parts of this.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is the geosphere? What is the geosphere?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The two gases that make up 99% of The two gases that make up 99% of the Earth’s atmosphere.the Earth’s atmosphere.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are nitrogen and oxygen? What are nitrogen and oxygen?

• ANSWER: The part of the Earth labeled A.

• QUESTION: What is the hydrosphere?

AA

• ANSWER: The Earth’s layer identified by the arrow.

• QUESTION: What is the outer core?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The least reliable property for The least reliable property for identifying a mineral.identifying a mineral.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is color? What is color?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: 5 properties used to identify 5 properties used to identify minerals.minerals.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are color, streak, luster, What are color, streak, luster, cleavage or fracture, density, special cleavage or fracture, density, special properties and hardness?properties and hardness?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The most common rock-forming The most common rock-forming mineral group.mineral group.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are the silicates? What are the silicates?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The four characteristics of all The four characteristics of all minerals. minerals.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is solid, formed in nature, definite What is solid, formed in nature, definite chemical makeup, and crystal structure?chemical makeup, and crystal structure?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The five ways of mineral formation The five ways of mineral formation within Earth and at the surface.within Earth and at the surface.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is water evaporating, What is water evaporating, organisms form shells or bones, hot water organisms form shells or bones, hot water cools, molten rocks cools, heat and cools, molten rocks cools, heat and pressure cause changes?pressure cause changes?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The 10 minerals of Mohs hardness The 10 minerals of Mohs hardness scale in order from 1 to 10.scale in order from 1 to 10.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are talc, gypsum, calcite, What are talc, gypsum, calcite, fluorite, apatite, feldspar, quartz, fluorite, apatite, feldspar, quartz, topaz, corundum and diamond?topaz, corundum and diamond?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The 4 special properties that The 4 special properties that minerals could possibly have.minerals could possibly have.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are effervescence, What are effervescence, radioactivity, fluorescence, and radioactivity, fluorescence, and magnetism ?magnetism ?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The number of types of atoms in the The number of types of atoms in the mineral copper and the group in mineral copper and the group in which it belongs.which it belongs.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is one and the native What is one and the native elements?elements?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: This determines whether a mineral This determines whether a mineral displays cleavage or fracture.displays cleavage or fracture.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is the strength of the bonds What is the strength of the bonds that hold the atoms together?that hold the atoms together?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The 6 crystal groups. The 6 crystal groups.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are cubic, tetragonal, What are cubic, tetragonal, hexagonal, monoclinic, triclinic and hexagonal, monoclinic, triclinic and orthorhombic?orthorhombic?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The 3 minerals that make up the The 3 minerals that make up the igneous rock granite.igneous rock granite.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are mica, feldspar and What are mica, feldspar and quartz?quartz?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The 2 most common elements in The 2 most common elements in Earth’s crust.Earth’s crust.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are silicon and oxygen? What are silicon and oxygen?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: These are rocks that contain enough These are rocks that contain enough of a mineral to be mined for a profit.of a mineral to be mined for a profit.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is an ore? What is an ore?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The amount of mass in a given The amount of mass in a given volume of a substance.volume of a substance.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is density? What is density?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The 3 main uses of minerals. The 3 main uses of minerals.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are art, technology, and What are art, technology, and industry?industry?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The number of minerals commonly The number of minerals commonly found in Earth’s crust.found in Earth’s crust.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is 30? What is 30?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The 3 types of surface mining. The 3 types of surface mining.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are panning, strip mining What are panning, strip mining and open-pit mining? and open-pit mining?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The mineral used for batteries, fiber The mineral used for batteries, fiber optics and weights.optics and weights.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is galena? What is galena?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The three types of rocks. The three types of rocks.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is sedimentary, igneous, and What is sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic?metamorphic?

• ANSWER: The type of rock formed at ANSWER: The type of rock formed at location A. location A.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is an intrusive igneous rock?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The process in which atoms rejoin The process in which atoms rejoin together differently as a result of heat together differently as a result of heat and pressure breaking the bonds that and pressure breaking the bonds that initially join atoms in minerals.initially join atoms in minerals.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is recrystallization?What is recrystallization?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The mineral that makes The mineral that makes igneous rocks lighter in color.igneous rocks lighter in color.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is silica? What is silica?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The name of an igneous rock The name of an igneous rock that contains no minerals.that contains no minerals.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is pumice or obsidian? What is pumice or obsidian?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The percentage of Earth’s crust that The percentage of Earth’s crust that is made of sedimentary rock.is made of sedimentary rock.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is 5%? What is 5%?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The 2 types of igneous rocks. The 2 types of igneous rocks.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are intrusive and extrusive? What are intrusive and extrusive?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The least durable or weather- The least durable or weather-resistant rock type.resistant rock type.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is sedimentary? What is sedimentary?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: 2 2 reasons why a metamorphic rock may be reasons why a metamorphic rock may be nonfoliated.nonfoliated.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is the rock was not exposed to high What is the rock was not exposed to high enough pressure or it is made of only one enough pressure or it is made of only one type of mineral?type of mineral?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The The name and type of rock that is composed name and type of rock that is composed of dead wood, bark, leaves stems and of dead wood, bark, leaves stems and roots.roots.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is coal and sedimentary?What is coal and sedimentary?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The carbonate mineral that The carbonate mineral that makes up limestone.makes up limestone.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is calcite? What is calcite?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: 3 3 features found in sedimentary rocks that features found in sedimentary rocks that can provide information about Earth’s can provide information about Earth’s past.past.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What are crossbeds, ripples and mud What are crossbeds, ripples and mud cracks?cracks?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The process in which an existing rock The process in which an existing rock is changed by heat and pressure.is changed by heat and pressure.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is metamorphism? What is metamorphism?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The The difference between large and small scale difference between large and small scale metamorphic changes.metamorphic changes.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is large scale involves both heat and What is large scale involves both heat and pressure while small scale only involves heat pressure while small scale only involves heat or pressure?or pressure?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The arrangement of minerals The arrangement of minerals in flat or wavy parallel bands.in flat or wavy parallel bands.

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is foliation? What is foliation?

• ANSWER: ANSWER: The The metamorphic rock that slate changes into metamorphic rock that slate changes into when exposed to increased temperature when exposed to increased temperature and pressurand pressur

• QUESTION: QUESTION: What is phyllite?What is phyllite?