Post on 03-Jan-2016
THE CONSTITUTION
• The Bill of Rights
• Amendments 11-19
• Amendments 20-27
ARTICLE V: AMENDMENTSPROCESS BY WHICH CHANGES CAN BE MADE TO THE
CONSTITUTION
PROPOSAL• Amendments to the
Constitution must be approved by 2/3 of both houses of Congress to be proposed
(or)• 2/3 of the states call for
a national convention for the proposal of an amendment
RATIFICATION• Amendments must be
ratified by ¾ of the State Legislatures
Constitutional Flexibility
• Flexibility – the ability to adapt or change.
• Amendment Process – allows the Constitution to be changed (delete, add, or alter) to deal with problems.
• Why is this important?Under the Articles of Confederation, major changes were needed. (Example – power to tax) Required all 13 states, and thus could not change. New process allows Constitution to be changed.
Ideas in the Bill of Rights
• Civil Liberties – Freedom to think and act without government interference.
• Major Debate dealing with the Bill of Rights- Individual Rights v Society (Community Rights)- Must balance the exercise of individual rights and
protection of society.- This Debate has played out in public schools, times of war, etc…
• Limitations on Rights- Libel, Slander, Censorship, Rights of the Community
The Bill of Rights
• Amendment 1 – Freedom of Speech, Press, Religion, Petition, & Assembly
• Amendment 2 – Right to Bear Arms• Amendment 3 – Quartering of Soldiers• Amendment 4 – Search & Seizure• Amendment 5 – Rights of the Accused• Amendment 6 – Requirements for a Jury Trial• Amendment 7 – Rules of Common Law• Amendment 8 – Limits on Criminal Punishment• Amendment 9 – Rights Kept by the People• Amendment 10 – Powers of the States and the
People
Amendment 1RAPPS
Religion
Assembly
Press
Petition
Speech
Religion
Free Exercise Clause – Congress shall make no law prohibiting the free exercise of religion.
Establishment Clause – Congress shall make no law respecting the establishment of religion.
Amendment 2
The Right to Bear Arms
• A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
Amendment 3
Quartering of Soldiers
No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner prescribed by law.
Amendment 4
Search & Seizure
Search Warrants- Probable Cause- Specific for place, persons, or things.
Amendment 5
Rights of the Accused
• Grand Jury • Double Jeopardy• Privilege against Self-
Incrimination• Due Process of Law• Eminent Domain
Amendment 6Right to a Speedy Fair Trial
• Speedy & Public Trial• Impartial Jury of the State• Informed of nature & cause of
accusation• Confronted by Witness & have
witness in favor• Right to an Attorney
Amendment 7
Rights in a Civil Case
• Right to a jury trial in civil cases involving $20 or more.
• States have raised amount due to inflation
Amendment 8
Cruel & Unusual PunishmentExcessive bail shall not be required,
nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments
inflicted.
• Bail• Fines• Punishment
Amendment 9
Powers of the People
The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.
• ETC… Amendment
Amendment 10 Powers of the States
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or the people.
• Reserved Powers• Limited Government
Amendments 11-19
• Amendment 11 – Suits Against States• Amendment 12 – Presidential Election Method• Amendment 13 – Slavery Abolished• Amendment 14 – Civil Rights Guaranteed• Amendment 15 – Black Voting Rights• Amendment 16 – Income Tax• Amendment 17 – Direct Election of Senators• Amendment 18 – Prohibition• Amendment 19 – Women’s Voting Rights
Amendments 20-27
• Amendment 20 – Terms of Office (Lame Duck)• Amendment 21 – Repeal of Prohibition• Amendment 22 – Limits on Presidential Terms• Amendment 23 – Electors for the District of Columbia• Amendment 24 – Abolition of Poll Tax• Amendment 25 – Presidential Disability• Amendment 26 – Voting Age• Amendment 27 – Congressional Pay
Civil Rights Amendments
13th Amendment – Abolished Slavery
14th Amendment – Civil Rights guaranteed, regardless of race, etc...
15th Amendment – Black Voting Rights – cannot be denied the right to vote on the basis of race.
Suffrage Amendments
Suffrage – the right to vote
15th Amendment – Black Voting Rights19th Amendment – Women’s Voting
Rights23rd Amendment – Washington DC & the
Presidential Election24th Amendment – Abolish the poll tax26th Amendment – Lowered the Voting
Age to 18 years of age
Presidential Amendments
• Amendment 12 – Presidential Election
• Amendment 20 – Inauguration Day
• Amendment 22 – Two Term Limit
• Amendment 25 – Presidential Succession