The Challenge of Swarm Information

Defense Technical Information ServiceMarch 31, 2003

Stephen E. ArnoldIn Maryland, Virginia, and the District:

InfoZen, Inc.2275 Research Blvd., Suite 320

Rockville, Maryland 20850sa@infozen.com

InformationTechnolo

gy

ARNOLD

Links

The presentation http://www.infozen.comhttp://www.arnoldit.com

Digital publication that is “more than a blog and less than a newsletter”: http://www.xenky.com

What We’ll Cover

• Reality 2003• Devices fuel the swarm model• Architecture for 2003 and beyond• Opportunity / challenge

Reality One: Network “Ecosystem”

Source: Internet Mapping Project (Bill Cheswick [Bell Labs], Hal Burch [CMU])http://www.cs.bell-labs.com/who/ches/map/index.html and http://dsl.cs.uchicago.edu/Courses/cs347-2002/

Reality Two: Risk

Reality Three... Tools

Work for 20 Somethings

Reality Four: New Models

Reality Five:

Shifting Gears...

So what... defense information ... military-civilian information ... access... communications across boundaries?

“Pressure Points” and the Mission

Continuous Pressure

Clinger Cohen 1996

• Architecture • Cost-Benefit Analysis • Investment Review • Management Process/Program • Performance Measures • Planning • Program Review • Work Process Review

Source: http://irm.cit.nih.gov/policy/legislation.html

Simultaneously ...

Swarm communications and information flows become the norm...

The Devices... Civilian

Military...

Integrated View

User D’s ViewUser C’s View

User B’s View

User A’s View

User A

User B

User C

User D

App 1

App 9

App 3

App 2

App 8

App 7

App 4

App 6

App 5

Enterprise Applications

Mobile IP with Seamless Roaming

FixedNetwork infrastructure

FixedNetwork infrastructure

WLAN

WLAN

Non-Secure, UnauthorizedInstant Messaging

Colleague / Operative at Internet Café

1At home

”I start my day by accessing the library via my

PDA.”

IP zone

IP zoneGPRS zone

Non-Secure, UnauthorizedInstant Messaging

Public and Global

Network infrastructure

Mobile IP with Seamless Roaming

FixedNetwork infrastructure

FixedNetwork infrastructure

WLAN

WLAN

Non-Secure, UnauthorizedInstant Messaging

Colleague / Operative at Internet Café

IP zone

IP zoneGPRS zone

Non-Secure, UnauthorizedInstant Messaging

Public and Global

Network infrastructure

2In the car

”I participate in a conference and review full text documents with my

colleagues in my automobile.”

Mobile IP with Seamless Roaming

FixedNetwork infrastructure

FixedNetwork infrastructure

WLAN

WLAN

Non-Secure, UnauthorizedInstant Messaging

Colleague / Operative at Internet Café

IP zone

IP zoneGPRS zone

Non-Secure, UnauthorizedInstant Messaging

Public and Global

Network infrastructure

3Partner

Site

”In my meeting, I use my hybrid device to show my presentation and transfer a full text document to my client’s computer sysetm.”

What’s the Magic?

3OFFLINEIn-flight browsing

DBE(FULL)

Continued offline browsingPerform transactions while offline

(e.g. book tickets and hotel)Offline email session - PIM is synchronized

Online / Offline Browsing for Missions

4Synchronizetransactions

DBE(EMPTY)

IP zone – IP access – e.g. Sync PIMNomadic Portal – Local content –

confirm ticketMobile Database – Device is automatically loaded with all

infomation about London

Terminal: A PDA/Smartphone with

web browser,GSM and Bluetooth

”I must synchronize my mail and calendar

(PIM)I will confirm my

missionI want all information

about my destination”

2Public IP Zoneat the airport

1I am going to London

Secure Net-work Operator

IP backbone

Applicationserver

Webservers

Loadbal

Backend ISP/Telecompublic server infrastructure

Internet

ContractorVPNs

CommercialDatabases

Java2EE

ODBCJDBCSQL

POTS, ISDN etc.

GSM, GPRS,EDGEMobile networks

UMTSWCDMA/Hiperlan2

IP zoneWLAN/Bluetooth

Access points

HomeWireless AccessWLAN/Bluetooth

ADSL, CATV, etc.

Set-top terminals

Smartphones

Communicator platforms

Things that Think / Decoy consoles

Swarm Devices’

Wireless PDAs

Laptops

”Web pads” for home use

DB Engine

IP zone software

IntelligentMobile IP

Data Synchronization

Collaboration

Handheld devices

Australian urban equipment

Difficult... Different Information Needs

Needed... ADE

Shared Services Argument

• Pool resources and buy a better solution• Canada says overall savings are about 30

percent• Technical environment allows distributed

computing• Outsource and have a few key people

doing more via shared services

Conversion of Paper Documents

to Digital Form

Automated Extraction of Data Elements From Text

and Images

Standardizing and Converting Data Formats

Processing Images, Video, Audio, Signal

Data

Automated Foreign Language

Translation

Open Literature Non-Text Data Restricted Information

Detection of Alert Situations

Clustering and Linking of

Related Data

Statistical Analysis to Reveal

Anomalies

Detection of Changing Trends

Interactive Search and

Retrieval of Data

Graphic and Map-Based Visualization

of Data

Modeling and Simulations

Collaborative Work

Notetaking and Organizing Ideas

Structured Argument Analysis

Personal Publishing and

Word Processing

Production of Graphics, Videos Online Briefings

Revision Tracking and Real-Time Collaboration

Humans Needed: Finished Intelligence and Reporting (R. Steele, 2002)

Tier 3

Tier 2

Tier 3

Snap Together… Reusable

Lego blocks can beused to build different

things by snapping the standardized pieces

together…

Standardized pieces that snap together…

The Plug In “Model”

Other TransactionServices

Benefit Reports

Case Management

Benefit Reports

Proprietary Solutions Web ServicesSignificant system changes are difficult

Loosely-coupled, standards-based format and protocol

Architectural changes require unrelated components to change

Coarse-grained, service-oriented request/reply paradigm hides implementation

Long development cycle due to poor component reuse

Loosely-coupled, component-ized services are reusable and dynamically reconfigurable

Lost time spent on proprietary APIs

Vendor-neutral standardization of format and protocol

High maintenance and integration costs

Loosely-coupled, standards-based format and protocol

For Information Professionals...

A different information mode... real-time ... text, images, and video... automated systems... push data where it is likely to be needed... pull data when data are required...

This Becomes...

And This?

Swarm: Network Communications

New Views of Digital Information

Term

Context

Glimpse

Autogenerate Device View

Highlight

Wrap Up

Opportunity

OPG VPN

Continuous Reviews

Expert Fora

Distance Learning

Virtual Libraries

Shared Calendars

Shared Services Budget

Shared Data Pools

Shared Address Books

Collaborative “Swarm” Networks (R. Steele, 2002)

Buzzwords and Consultants

• The browser model• Distributed computing• Standards (SOAP, XML, UDDI, WSDL)

• IBM + PriceWaterhouseCoopers = $• Deficits / economic downturn• “Like the Web but better and cheaper”• Reduce vendor lock in

The Design

Users Are a Different Story

Challenges

• Moving from highly fragmented systems to a common “foundation”

• Public agencies and “secret information”• Privacy• Security• Silos

Roadmap Needed…

InfoZen / Arnold ITInfoZen / Arnold IT

• Independent for 12 years

• Booz, Allen; Bell+Howell; Ziff Communications-- Participated in the development ABI/INFORM, Business Dateline, General Business File, and Health Reference Center

• Provides technology assessment and information engineering services

• Recent projects:– Wireless strategy for one of the “world’s largest software company”

– One of the founders of the Point Internet service (“Top 5% of the ‘Net), sold to Lycos in 1995

– U.S. government projects (First Gov, OCSC, House of Representatives)

• US West’s online yellow pages strategy • Six books, more than 40 articles. New book in 2003,

Knowledge Management Sense and Non-Sense (Infonortics, Ltd. Tetbury, U.K.)

• ASIS Distinguished Lectureship / Thomson Online Best Paper Award

• Professional services on offer…• Contact:

Stephen Arnold502-228-1966, voice502-228-0548, facsimilewww.arnoldit.comsa@arnoldit.com or sa@infozen.com

InfoZen / Arnold IT