+

The Biomechanics of Throwing a FootballTasi Kelemete

+Grip

Determine movement and release Finger in flexion over the laces Space between ball and pocket of the hand Wrist in extension Shoulder at 90 degrees, elbow at 45 degrees

flexion

+Stance

Shoulder perpendicular to target Feet shoulder width apart Non-dominant leg in plantar flexion Hip externally rotated Transfer of weight for power Front toe point to target

+Throw

Ball placed beside the ear, thrown in a forward sagittal plane

Non-dominant hand as guide, release midway through throw and come in hyperextension past the body Force X mass = acceleration

Arm full extension, should going from external to internal rotation

Wrist and fingers in flexion and end at opposite hip

+Subject 1

+Subject 1

+Subject 1

+Subject 2

+Subject 2

+Subject 2

+Subject 3

+Subject 3

+Subject 3

+Comparison

Table 1

Subject Age Height Weight

Subject #1 14 years old 5’9” 195 lbs

Subject #2 17 years old 6’1” 198 lbs

Subject #3 19 years old 5’10” 199 lbs

+Comparison Cont.

Table 2

Subject Step Length Wind-up Angle Release Angle Back-swing

Angle

Subject #1 39.61 inches 91.7 degrees 143.6 degrees 10.3 degrees

Subject #2 28.48 inches 75.8 degrees 127.6 degrees 22.9 degrees

Subject #3 31.42 inches 55.2 degrees 121.7 degrees 25.9 degrees

+Qualitative Comparisons

Subject 1 Full extension, no bend in knees Dragged leg No follow through Didn’t come across his body

Subject 2 and Subject 3 Very similar in throw and style Could explain in detail

+References

Escamill, R.F. (2009). shoulder muscle recruitment patterns and related biomechanics during upper extremity sport. Sport Medicine, 39(7), Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=ea4111e4-4ccb-4581-b159-ad15f8346bac%40sessionmgr14&vid=4&hid=21

Football Biomechanics. (2009). Sport Science Info. Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/site/sportsscienceinfo/home/football

Hall, S. J. (2012). Bio Mechanics. (6 ed.). Columbus, OH: McGraw-Hill. Haywood, K. (2008). Life span motor development. (5th ed., pp. 144-

155). Champaign, Illinois : Thomson-Shore, Inc. Krishnan, S. G., Hawkins, R. J., & Warren, R. F. (2004). The shoulder and

the overhead athlete (pp. 318-339). Layden, T. (2010). The Art of the Pass. Sports Illustrated. Retrieved from

http://si.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1176714/index.htm