THE BASIS OF THE UNNAH AND BELIEF IN THE RELIGION &middot; PDF fileand belief in the religion aze by: @@ ... ﻊـﻴِ ﲨ َِ ﰲ َِءﺎـﻤََﻠُﻌْﻟا ِﻪـْﻴَﻠَﻋ

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Abū Ḥātim al-Rāzī

and

Abū Zurʿah al-Rāzī

Translated by

Abūl-Layth Qāsim ibn Aggrey Mutiva

2

TRANSLITERATION CHART Library of Congress/ALA

Number Name Roman From Left Middle From Right Isolated

1 ʾalif ʾ / ā / * / ** آ ا ـا ـــ ـــ 2 bāʾ b ب ـب ـبـ بـ

400 tāʾ t ت ـت ـتـ تـ 500 thāʾ th ث ـث ـثـ ثـ

3 jīm i ج ـج ـجـ جـ 8 ḥāʾ ḥ ح ـح ـحـ حـ

600 khāʾ kh خ ـخ ـخـ خـ 4 dāl d د ـد ـــ ـــ

700 dhāl dh ذ ـذ ـــ ـــ 200 rāʾ r ر ـر ـــ ـــ

7 zāy z ز ـز ـــ ـــ 60 sīn s س ـس ـسـ سـ

300 shīn sh ش ـش ـشـ شـ 90 ṣād ṣ ص ـص ـصـ صـ

800 ḍād ḍ ض ـض ـضـ ضـ 9 ṭāʾ ṭ ط ـط ـطـ طـ

900 ẓāʾ ẓ ظ ـظ ـظـ ظـ 70 ʿayn ʿ ع ـع ـعـ عـ

1000 ghayn gh غ ـغ ـغـ غـ 80 fāʾ f ف ـف ـفـ فـ

100 qāf q ق ـق ـقـ قـ 20 kāf k ك ـك ـكـ كـ 30 lām l ل ـل ـلـ لـ 40 mīm m م ـم ـمـ مـ 50 nūn n ن ـن ـنـ نـ 5

tāʾ / hāʾ/ta marbūṭah

h / t /*** ه / ة ـه/ ـة ـهـ هـ

6 wāw w / ū و ـو ـــ ـــ 10 yāʾ y / ī ي ـي ـيـ يـ ى ـي ـــ ـــ alif maqṣūrah á ـــ

3

)ومجاعة من السلف ممن نقل عنهم رمحهم اهللا(

4

ثـنا احلسني بن حممد بن حبش المقرئ قال -٣٢١ ر المقرئ، قال حدد بن المظفأخبـرنا حممثـنا أبو حممد عبد الرمحن بن أيب حامت قال حد:

Muḥammad ibn al-Muẓaffar al-Muqriʾ informed us saying: al-Ḥusayn ibn Muhammad ibn Ḥabsh al-Muqriʾ told us that Abū Muḥammad ʿAbdul-Raḥmān ibn Abī Ḥātim said:

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5

ين ومـا أدركـا عليـه العلمـاء يف ة يف أصول الدنيـع سألت أيب وأبا زرعة عن مذاهب أهل الس مج ؟األمصار وما يـعتقدان من ذلك

I asked my father and Abū Zurʿah about the beliefs of the people of the Sunnah concerning the fundamentals of the religion and what they have attained from the scholars in all of the various lands concerning this, and what it is that they believe in accordance with that?

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6

يع األمصار حجازا وعراقا وشاما ومينا فكان من م :ذهبهم فـقاال : أدركنا العلماء يف مجTo this they replied: We have learned from the scholars of the Hijāz1, ʿIrāq, Egypt, Syria, and Yemen that from their doctrine is the following:

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1 Translators Note: Makkah & Madinah and some of the surrounding territories.

7

.اإلميان قـول وعمل يزيد ويـنـقص Īmān (faith) consists of speech & action; it increases and decreases.

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8

ر خملوق جبميع جهاته .والقرآن كالم الله غيـAnd the Qurʾān is the speech of Allāh which is not created in any way shape or form.

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9

وجل ه عزه من اللره وشر .القدر خيـAnd the Qadr (divine predestination), both the good of it and bad of it, is from Allāh the Mighty and Majestic.

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10

ر هذه األمة بـعد نبيـها عليه الصالة والسالم: أبو ب طـاب، مث وخيـ يق، مث عمـر بـن اخل ـدكر الص .عثمان بن عفان، مث علي بن أيب طالب عليهم السالم

And that the best of this nation after it's Messenger (�) is Abū Bakr al-Sidīq, then ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭṭāb, then ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān, then ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (�).

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11

.وهم اخللفاء الراشدون المهديون They are the Rightly Guided Caliphs [Successors of the Prophet Muḥammad (�)].

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12

ــه رســول اللــه )(� وأن العشــرة الــذين مســاهم رســول اللــه ــا شــهد ب وشــهد هلــم باجلنــة علــى م

�) ( وقـوله احلق.

And that the ten whom the Prophet of Allāh (�) specifically named and bore witness for them the paradise are upon that which the Messenger of Allāh (�) informed us of and his statement is nothing other than the truth.

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13

نـهم والكف )(� والتـرحم على أصحاب حممد .عما شجر بـيـAnd mercy is to be sought and shown to all of the companions of Muḥammad (�) and his family and we are silent about what occurred of disputation between them.

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14

له وأن الله عز وجل على عرشه بائن من خلقه كما وصـف نـفسـه يف كتابـه، وعلـى لسـان رسـو {{﴿ بــــــال كيــــــف؟ أحــــــاط بكــــــل شــــــيء علمــــــا: ) (� }}§§§§ øø øøŠŠŠŠ ss ss9999 ÏÏ ÏÏµµµµ ÎÎ ÎÎ==== ÷÷ ÷÷WWWW ÏÏ ÏÏϑϑϑϑ xx xx.... ÖÖ ÖÖ ïï ïï†††† xx xx«««« (( (( uu uuθθθθ èè èèδδδδ uu uuρρρρ ßß ßßììììŠŠŠŠ ÏÏ ÏÏϑϑϑϑ ¡¡ ¡¡¡¡¡¡9999 $$ $$####

çç çç�� ÅÅ ÅÅÁÁÁÁ tt tt7777 øø øø9999 $$ .]١١[الشورى: ﴾ ∪∪∪∪⊆⊆⊆⊆⊆⊆⊆⊆∩∩∩∩ ####$$And that Allāh the Mighty and Majestic is distinct from His creation as He has described Himself in His Book and upon the tongue of his Messenger (�) without inquiry into how. His knowledge encompasses everything: “…there is nothing like Him

and He is The AllHearing, AllSeeing.” [Sūrah alūrah alūrah alūrah alShūrūrūrūrá 42:11]

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15

ــراه أهــل ا ــارك وتـعــاىل يـــرى يف اآلخــرة: يـ ــف شــاء. وأنــه تـب ــه كي جلنــة بأبصــارهم ويســمعون كالم

.وكما شاء Allāh the blessed and Magnificent will be seen in the hereafter by the people of paradise with their eye-sight and they will hear His speech how ever He wills and as He wills.

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16

ار عقـاب ألهـل واجلنة حق والنـار حـق، ومهـا خملوقـان ال يـفنيـان أبـدا واجلنـة ثــواب ألوليائـه والنـ وجل ه عزمن رحم الل معصيته إال.

And that the Paradise is true and the Hellfire is true; and they are both created and will never cease to exist. The Paradise is a reward for those who are close to Allāh. And the Hellfire is a recompense for the people who disobey Him except for those upon whom He -the Mighty and Majestic - has mercy.

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17

راط حقوالص. And that the Ṣirāṭ (the bridge which stretches over the hellfire) is true.

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18

ئـها حقتان توزن فيه أعمال العباد حسنـها وسيله كف .والميزان حق. And that the Mīzān (scale) is true. It consists of two pans which weigh both the good and bad deeds of the servant and is none other than the truth.

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19

نا حقم به نبيـواحلوض المكر. And that the revered Hawḍ (pool) which our Prophet was honored with is true.

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20

فاعة حقوالش . And the intercession (alshafāʿah) is true.

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21

وت حق .والبـعث بـعد امل

And the resurrection after death is true.

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22

وجل ه عزوأهل الكبائر يف مشيئة الل. And the people of the major sins are subject to the will of Allāh the Mighty and Majestic.

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23

وجل ه عزلة بذنوبـهم ونكل أسرارهم إىل الل .وال نكفر أهل القبـAnd we do not declare anyone from the people of the Qiblah to be a disbeliever by way of their sins alone. We hold that their secrets are left to Allāh the Mighty and Majestic.

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24

.ونقيم فـرض اجلهاد واحلج مع أئمة المسلمني يف كل دهر وزمان And we establish the obligation of Jihād and the Ḥajj with the Imāms of the Muslims in every era and time.

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25

ــه عــزنــة ونســمع ونطيــع لمــن (واله) الل ــة وال القتــال يف الفتـ وال نـــرى اخلــروج علــى األئم وجــل .لفرقة أمرنا وال نـنـزع يدا من طاعة ونـتبع السنة واجلماعة، وجنتنب الشذوذ واخلالف وا

And we do not hold the permissibility of revolt against the Imāms; we listen and we obey whomever Allāh has placed into authority over us and we do not raise a single hand in disobedience to him. We follow the Sunnah and the Jamāʿah and abstain from irregularity, differing, and sectarianism.

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26

بـعث الله عز وجل نبيه عليه الصالة والسالم إىل قيام الساعة مع أويل 1وأن اجلهاد ماض منذ ة المسلمني ال يـبطله شيء األمر من أئم .

And that Jihād will continue from Allāh the Mighty and Majestic's sending of His Prophet (�) until the establishment of the Hour with those who have been given authority of our affairs from amongst the Imāms of the Muslims and nothing nullifies this.

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1 An obvious typographical error was made in the book (شرح أصول اعتقاد أهل السنة واجلماعة) wherein the word (مذ) was written in place of (منذ). The correction of this error is presented in the text of this document.

27

ة المسلمني وائم إىل أويل األمر من أئمدقات من السكذلك ودفع الص واحلج. Similarly, the Ḥajj and the payment of the grazing sheep1 should be given to those in authority from the Imāms of the Muslims.

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1 The intended meaning of grazing sheep here is the sheep that are not fed in a stall or food trough as mentioned in Subul al-Salām the explanation of Bulūgh al-Marām.

28

وجل ه عزاس مؤمنون يف أحكامهم ومواريثهم، وال ندري ما هم عند اللوالن. And the people are considered believers in their general rulings and laws of inheritance, and we do not know what their status is with Allāh.

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29

ومن فمن قال إنه مؤمن حقا فـهو مبتدع ومن قال: هو مؤمن عند الله فـهو من الكاذبني. .قال: هو مؤمن بالله حقا فـهو مصيب

So the one who said that he is a true believer then he is an innovator. And the one who said that he is a believer with Allāh then he is a liar. And the one who says that “certainly I am a believer in Allāh”, then he is correct.

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30

.والمرجئة المبتدعة ضالل And the Murjʾiah are astray innovators.

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31

هم أن اللـه عـز وجـل يـعلـم مـا مل يكـن قـبـ ل أن يكـون والقدرية المبتدعة ضالل. فمن أنكر مـنـ .فـهو كافر

And the Qadariyyah are astray innovators. Whoever from amongst them rejects that Allāh the Mighty and Majestic knows what will happen before it occurs then he is a disbeliever.

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32

.وأن اجلهمية كفار And that the Jahmiyyah are disbelievers.

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33

.وأن الرافضة رفضوا اإلسالم And that the Rāfiḍah have rejected Islam.

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34

.واخلوارج مراق And the Khawārij are murrāq.

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35

قـل عـن الملـة، ومـن شـك يف كفـره ومن زعم أن القرآن خملوق فـهو كافر باللـه العظـيم كفـرا يـنـ .ممن يـفهم فـهو كافر

And whoever claims that the Qurʾān is created then he is a disbeliever in Allāh the All-Mighty with the type of disbelief that exits him from the fold of the religion; and whoever has doubts concerning his disbelief from those who understand (this issue) then he is a disbeliever.

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36

ـر خملـوق فـهـ و ومن شك يف كالم الله عز وجل فـوقف شاكا فيـه يـقـول ال أدري خملـوق أو غيـ جهمي .

And whoever harbors doubts concerning the speech of Allāh the Mighty and Majestic and hesitates due to his own doubt saying: “I don't know if it is created or not created?” then this individual is a Jahmī.

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37

. ومن وقف يف القرآن جاهال علم وبدع ومل يكفر And whoever hesitates regarding the Qurʾān due to ignorance then he is to be taught, and he is viewed as an innovator but is not declared a disbeliever.

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38

أو القرآن بلفظي خملوق فـهو جهمي ومن قال لفظي بالقرآن خملوق فـهو جهمي.

And whoever said: “My utterance of the Qurʾān is created”; then he is a Jahmī. Or “The Qurʾān with my utterance of it is created”; then he is a Jahmī.

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39

. قال أبو حممد ومسعت أيب يـقول: وعالمة أهل البدع الوقيعة يف أهل األثر Abū Muḥammad said: I heard my father say: and the sign of the people of innovation is their disparagement of the people of narration.

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40

. وعالمة الزنادقة: تسميتـهم أهل السنة حشوية يريدون إبطال اآلثار And the sign of the Zanādiqah (miscreant infidels) is their naming of the people of the Sunnah: Ḥashawiyyah; they desire with this ascription a nullification of the narrations.

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41

.وعالمة اجلهمية: تسميتـهم أهل السنة مشبـهة And the sign of the Jahmiyyah is their labeling of the people of the Sunnah as Mushabbahah.

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42

. وعالمة القدرية: تسميتـهم أهل األثر مـجربة And the sign of the Qadariyyah is their labeling of the people of narration as Mujabbirah.

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43

. وعالمة المرجئة: تسميتـهم أهل السنة خمالفة ونـقصانية And the sign of the Murjʾiah is their labeling of the people of the Sunnah as Mukhālifah and Nuqsāniyyah.

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44

.وعالمة الرافضة: تسميتـهم أهل السنة ناصبة And the sign of the Rāfiḍah is their ascription to the people of the Sunnah with Nāṣibah.

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45

.وال يـلحق أهل السنة إال اسم واحد ويستحيل أن جتمعهم هذه األمساء And the people of the Sunnah should not be described except with a single name and it is impossible to successfully attribute to them these other names.

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46

ــد قــال - ٣٢٢ عــت أيب :أبــو حمم وأبــا زرعــة: يــأمران جــران أهــل الزيــغ والبــدع يـغلظــان يف ومس .ذلك أشد التـغليظ، ويـنكران وضع الكتب برأي يف غري آثار

Abū Muḥammad told us: “I heard my father and Abū Zurʿah order with the abandonment of the people of deviance and innovation and in saying that they displayed harshness and the most serious emphasis. And they both reject the writing of books based solely upon the opinions of its author instead of writing books based upon the compilation and presentation of narrations.

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47

هيــان عـــن جمالســـة أهــل الكـــالم والنظـــر يف كتـــب المتكلمــني ويـقـــوالن: ال يـفلـــح صـــاحب ويـنـ .كالم أبدا

They also prohibited sitting in the gatherings of philosophers, and looking into their books, and they both say: “The philosophers will never prosper.”

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48

.: وبه أقول أناقال أبو حممد Abū Muḥammad said: “And this is what I say (this is my position).”

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49

. المقرئ: وبه أقول حبـيش وقال أبو علي بن And Abū ʿAlī ibn Ḥabsh al-Maqriʾ: “And with this I speak (this is my position).”

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50

.: وبه أقول بن المظفر قال شيخنا اOur Shaykh Ibn al-Muẓaffar said: “And with this I speak (this is my position).”

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51

. وقال شيخنا يـعين المصنف: وبه أقول And our Shaykh (referring to the author) said: “And with this I speak (this is my position).”

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THE BASIS OF THE UNNAH AND BELIEF IN THE RELIGION · PDF fileand belief in the religion aze...

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