Post on 16-Feb-2016
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The 20th Century and Beyond
Chapter 36: The Final Chapter
I. The end of the Cold War
Reagan Doctrine- US assist in any anticommunist resistance
AfghanistanIronically, we return to fight many of the men we armed in 2001
Soviet Union’s military was stretchedEconomic challengesVarious satellite nations soon split off
I. The End of the Cold War
Mikhail GorbachevInstituted many reforms
Anti-Stalinism Glasnost (openness)- “freedom to criticize)Limitations on nuclear weaponsPerestroika (economic restructuring)- decentralization of industryGovernment not all powerfulSocial reforms
People eventually became unhappy with too much change
Soviet Union started to collapse between 1989-1990
II. Post Soviet UnionBoris Yeltsin
Took over in 1991 which became the end of the Soviet UnionPresident of Russia Renounced Communism- brought in a free-market economyUsed military force to overthrow the Soviet Parliament
Vladimir PutinReplace Yeltsin in 1999Freedom of Press?Democracy and Freedom?
III. The Middle EastArea of conflict
Persian Gulf War 1991Saddam Hussein (Iraq) invades KuwaitUnited States gets involved and organizes coalition (some argue only for oil reasons)Al-Qaeda upset that U.S. has troops in Saudi / Holy Land
War on TerrorismResult of 9/11 attacksResulted in a War in Afghanistan and War in Iraq
Major power comes from oil
IV. GlobalizationGlobalization- The interconnectedness of the World
Describes how the world has become smaller due to communication and transportationTechnology!Describes how one issue in one part of the world has a significant impact in anotherLevel of globalization increases dramatically everyday
1990- Tim Berns “creates the internet” (not Al Gore)2001- 25% of world has internet2010- between 30-40%
IV. GlobalizationBusiness
Multinational corporations: have operations in more than one other country
OutsourcingVarious businesses have different departments or locations around the worldSometimes more powerful than the host companyForce improvements in communication and transportation
IV. GlobalizationMigration
“Guest Workers”Immigration increases with ease of transportationBrings about language barriersMulticulturalism
Cultural GlobalizationAmericanization
McDonaldsUsually includes native variations
Science and artsWorking together around the world
IV. GlobalizationUnited Nations
Originally started to keep peaceProvides aidWorks on global health and human rights issues
Issues with religionsSpread of world cultures sometimes runs against fundamental religious groups
Ex. Islam in the Middle EastResults in conflict
V. Global ProblemsSpread of Disease
Ease of travel makes the threat of pandemics a larger problem
Swine Flu, SARS, AIDS etc.Upside: worldwide efforts towards eradicating these diseases
Environmental issuesWorldwide Concern
Awareness of how local issues can be a worldwide issue
Problem can be compounded as a result of rapid growth in developing countries
Usually encouraged by industrial countries
VI. Wrap UpGlobalization has its positives and negatives
Compare and contrast current Globalization to previous growth in world trade for example Silk Road and Columbian Exchange.
Everything in history has lead us to this point in time
The End(Except for….. Wait for it,
The Mongols!)