Post on 08-Jan-2016
description
The 1920s….
Political
Social/Cultural
Economic
The 1920s….Political
•Birth of Progressive Party
•Rights movements
•Commonwealth replaces Empire
•King-Byng Affair
Progressive Party• Western Party• Farmer’s rights• Don’t believe in hierarchy• Free votes in Commons• Ended up splitting – one part with Liberals –
the other part became the Progressive Conservatives:
The 1920s….Political
Rights Movements• Suffrage– Women’s right to vote– Aboriginal right to vote
• Labour– Winnipeg General Strike
The 1920s….Political
Statute of Westminster 1931 -Equality• Formal independence for colonies• British Parliament can no longer pass an act that
has effect in the dominions without consent - disallowance
• Canada has its own Supreme Court (1949)• Last major change until 1982
The 1920s….Political
King-Byng Affair
The 1920s….PoliticalWhy is K-B Historically Significant? •Revealing (enduring /emerging issues)•Remembered•Consequences
The 1920s….Political
A conversation about the role of Governor General is really a conversation about….
•Elected vs. unelected power• GG• Senate
•Constitutional monarchy vs. Republic• If not Queen/King of England as Head of State,
then what?
The 1920s….Social/Cultural
•Art and Religion
•French Canada
•Social Safety Net- Pensions
Religion• Presbyterians, Methodists, Congregationalists
become the United Church of Canada• Religion and Immigration• Religion and Prohibition• Protestantism vs. Catholicism • Loss of faith
The 1920s….Social/Cultural
• Canadian Art flourishing: - Group of Seven in Toronto, some were war artists – celebrated Canadian wilderness
• Emily Carr in B.C.
The 1920s….Social/Cultural
Art
Group of Seven
Emily Carr
French Canada• Dominated by English Business• Les Canadiens isolated and rural - kept this
way by church and politicians to protect culture
The 1920s….Social/Cultural
The 1920s….Social/Cultural
Pensions•Improvements in health care and living standards mean population is living longer, but, living longer without income.•1924- Committee produces draft bill and a legal opinion that this issue was ultra vires for the Federal Government (property and civil rights)•1925- Mixed results election- power of opposition in minority/coalition governments•Labour, Progressives and Liberals draft bill, passes easily in HOC•Senate resists, refuses to pass.•1926 election- Pension a ballot box question, Liberals win, Pension Plan passes HOC and Senate.
The 1920s….Social/Cultural
Pensions•Qualifications (1920s):
• British Subjects• Over age of 70• Lived in Canada for 20 years• Lived in applicant province for past 5 years• Means test (<$365/year)• Title transferred to Pension Authority• Women- only if a widow• Aboriginals- none
•Modern Canada Pension Plan
Economics• Mass consumption– Credit/advertising
• Mass production– Assembly Line (Henry Ford)– War industry producing commercial goods
• Mass credit– Buying on margin in the stock market
• Mass media• Urbanization • Tariffs
The 1920s….Economic
• Closed Empire• British investment dries up because of
wartime debt• American Branch Plant set up in Canada to sell
to Empire
New Zealand
Britain
Australia
South Africa
Canada
India
United States
The 1920s….Economic