TCM BY SHIPS/SUBMARINES OF WORLD NAVIES

INTRODUCTION

• TORPEDO OLDEST WEAPON AGAINST SHIPS /SM

• NEWER DESIGNS • NEW CHALLENGES

TORPEDOES

• MANY POSSIBLE CLASSIFICATIONS• TYPE OF PROPULSION• LAUNCH PLATFORM• HWT , LWT, ACTIVE/PASSIVE , WAKE HOMERS,

STRAIGHT RUNNERS

THREAT CHARECTERSTICS

• ACTIVE/ PASSIVE HOMING • WAKE HOMERS • STRAIGHT RUNNERS

TORPEDO COUNTER MEASURES

• HISTORY– TORPEDO BELTS– TORPEDO NETS AND BULGES– TOWED DECOYS

TORPEDO COUNTER MEASURES

• A COMPLEX DOMAIN– COMPLEXITY OF THE MEDIUM– COMPLEXITY OF FCS – ALL ROUND COVERAGE

• LOW SUCCESS RATE IN DEVELOPMENT

SURFACE SHIP DEFENSE SCENARIO

• S/M LAUNCHED HWT– LARGE LAUNCHING DISTANCE– UNFAVOURABLE PROPOGATION CONDITION– LOW PROBABILITY OF DETECTION

• A LAYERED DEFENSE – LONG AS WELL AS SHORT RANGE DETECTION

COMPONENTS OF TCM

• EARLY DETECTION• FAST AND QUALIFIED THREAT EVALUATOR• LOCALISATION• HARD/SOFT KILL MEASURES• TACTICAL MANOEUVERS

SOFT KILL

• AN/SLQ-36 NIXIE-US• TRAPR-US• SEA SENTOR- FRANCE• GARSBEY 182-UK• ATC-1-ISRAEL• LESCUT- FRANCE/ISRAEL• ACTAS - GERMANY• SLAT-FRANCE/ITALY

HARD KILL

• UDAV-1- CURRENTLY IN USE ONBOARD RUSSIAN DESTROYERS

• SEA SPIDER• SSTD• SLAT AND SCUTTER• DARPA

SUBMARINE DEFENSE SCENARIO

• A/C DROPPED LWT • SHIP/SM LAUNCHED HWT– LESS REACTION TIME – LESS MANOEUVERABILITY– LOWER RANGES OF DECOY DEPLOYEMENT

SOFT KILL

• ADC MK 2 • SCAD • MOSS • TADA • SCUTTER• TAU 2000• CIRCE• C-303

HARD KILL

• NO PROVEN SYSTEM• SEA SPIDER

LIMITATIONS OF SOFT KILL

• LONG RANGE DETECTION NECESSARY • INFORMATION CONFUSION• SMARTER TORPEDOES• REQUIREMENT OF PRIOR INFO ON TYPE OF

TORPEDO THREAT• LOWER SUCCESS RATES

ADVANTAGE OF HARD KILL

• CATERS FOR SHORTER DETECTION RANGES• ONE TYPE FITS ALL CONCEPT• MORE AGGRESSIVE , TAKING ATTACK TO

ENEMY• MORE RELAIBLE

CONCLUSION

• DESTRUCTION OF THE INCOMING TORPEDO IS THE BEST TCM IN THE PRESENT CONTEXT. THE SAME, HOWEVER, IS NOT EASY. INHERENT COMPLEXITIES OF THE MEDIUM PRESENT A CHALLENGE IN DEVELOPMENT AND SUCCESS OF SUCH METHODS.