Post on 14-May-2015
MBA 609
Systems Project Management
INFORMATION SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK
SYSTEM
ANALYSTS
SYSTEMBUILDERS
(components)
SYSTEMDESIGNERS
(specification)
SYSTEMUSERS
(requirements)
SYSTEMOWNERS
(scope)
SystemBuilders'views of
DATA
SystemDesigners'
views ofDATA
SystemUsers'
views ofDATA
SystemOwners'views of
DATA
DATAFOCUS
DataTechnology
SystemBuilders'views of
PROCESSES
SystemDesigners'
views ofPROCESSES
SystemUsers'
views ofPROCESSES
SystemOwners'views of
PROCESSES
PROCESSFOCUS
SystemBuilders'views of
INTERFACES
SystemDesigners'
views ofINTERFACES
SystemUsers'
views ofINTERFACES
SystemOwners'views of
INTERFACES
INTERFACEFOCUS
SystemBuilders'views of
GEOGRAPHY
SystemDesigners'
views ofGEOGRAPHY
SystemUsers'view of
GEOGRAPHY
SystemOwners'views of
GEOGRAPHY
GEOGRAPHYFOCUS
NetworkingTechnology
InterfaceTechnology
SoftwareTechnology
Systems Development Projects
• Large applications– E.g., a sale at WalMart
• Project management• Systematic approaches• End-user involvement• Methodologies
– Documentation– Computer-Assisted Software Engineering tools
System Development Life Cycles and Methodologies
System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) A logical process Systems analysts, software engineers, programmers, and end-users
Application development life cycle Waterfall approach Five to 21 phases An example – the five-phase approach
Systems planning Systems analysis Systems design Systems implementation Systems support
System Development Life Cycles and Methodologies
Methodology Step-by-step activities for each phase Individual and group roles to be played in each activity Deliverables and quality standards for each activity Tools and techniques to be used for each activity The entire system’s development life cycle Several development tools and techniques
SDLC
• Systems planning– How does this project fit into the organization?
• Systems analysis– Who, what, where, why
• Systems design– Interfaces, files, databases, and resources
• Systems implementation– Go live!
• Systems support– Ongoing maintenance
Other Methodologies
• Joint Application Development (JAD)– Business Solutions Centers (e.g., E&Y)
• Rapid Application Development (RAD)
• Corporate or in-house methodologies– EDS– State Farm Insurance
• Several methodologies used
SAP’s Implementation Methodology
• Systems projects using ERP software– SAP R/2 and SAP R/3– Large projects– Typically multinational companies– Difficult to manage
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
6YouAreHere
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
AcceleratedSAP ImplementationAcceleratedSAP Implementation
When to Use AcceleratedSAP Roadmap
• Implementation based on R/3’s best business practices
• No major reengineering
• No major organizational change
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
6YouAreHere
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Focus on the Process
• Questionnaires
• Business process models
• Training
• End user documentation
• Testing by scenario
Elimination of non-value added tasks
Communication with User Community
Incorporates Feedback To/From the User Community at Every Step
• User involvement
• User support
• Builds comfort levelUser Community
Who Can Use ASAPGlobal Company• by plant• by division
Small Company• Turnkey• Big Bang
INTERSOLV
Middle-Sized Company• Knowledge Transfer• Big Bang or Phased
Cultor Food Science Inc.
• Commitment from management
• Empowered team
• Adaptable organization
• Defined business direction
• Ability to make decisions
Critical Success Factors
Phase 1: Project PreparationPhase 1: Project Preparation
• Project organization and standards• Measurement of business benefits• High level project plan• Introduction to R/3 through Level 1 training• Technical requirements planning• Executive kickoff
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
6YouAreHere
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Define Project Team
ProjectMgmt
Client
Consultant
Technical/Systems Admin
ExecutiveKick-off
Steering Comm Meeting
Train Team - Level 1
Technical Training
Project Planning
Pre-Sales Transition
Define system Requirements/Order Hardware
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
6YouAreHere
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
What Will It Cost
“Best Estimation” Tool
• Estimates time and labor requirementshelps calculate total implementation costs
• Variables: – functionality– type of business – number of plants / locations
Phase 2: Business BlueprintPhase 2: Business Blueprint
• Organization and process definition• Questionnaires and models for best
business practices• System installation• Business blueprint• Management review
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Train Team
Roadmap
Develop Project CharterDefine Project Standards
ProjectMgmt
Client
Consultant
Technical/Systems Admin
Define BusinessOrganization
Install SystemEnvironment System Administration Training
Define Business ProcessConversions/Interfaces/Reporting
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Quality ReviewAssemble
Blueprint
Create Detailed Project Plan
Review and SignoffBlueprint
Define Authorizationsand Change Management
Refine ScopeDocument
ProjectMgmt
Client
Consultant
Technical/Systems Admin
Review Business Process Definitions
Define SystemsAdministration
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
6YouAreHere
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
QuestionnairesBuilt From Existing Models to Help You
Understand Your BusinessAnswers Are Critical to the Success of ASAP
• Hierarchy - defines organizational structure and business goals– Where is the organization going?
– How does it grow (acquisition, new markets)?
– How does it work?
• Business transactions - defines each business process from beginning to end
Models• Integrated into R/3• Use answers to questionnaires
to define business processes in SAP terms• Defines options with each
business process• Conformity to R/3s best business practices
XOR
XOR
SD SD
Order header
is entered
Order is
created
Sales activityprocessing
Sales orderprocessing
Order to becreated fromsales activity
Order withoutquotationreferencereceived
Order withquotationreferencereceived
Quotationis valid
Open orderfrom sales
activity
Determineorder
customer
Open orderfrom quotation
A blueprint of how customer’s structure and procedures will look
Phase 3: SimulationPhase 3: Simulation
• Company structure and business rule definition
• Configuration management with IMG
• Interface, report and conversion design
• Business scenario playback and approval
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
6YouAreHere
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
YouAreHere
Refine Integration Testing Scenarios
Train Team - Level 2 Test Systems Administration
Steering Comm Meeting
Access OrganizationalChange Impact
Project
MgmtClient Train Team - Level 2
Consultant System Configuration and Testing
Technical Design Interfaces/Conversions/Reporting
Systems Admin
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Quality Review
Review and Signoff
Playback
Refine Project Plan
Refine Integration Testing Scenarios
Develop Playback
Define Disaster RecoveryTrain Team - Level 3
PlaybackBusiness
Processes
Design Interfaces/Conversions/Reporting
Project
MgmtClient
Consultant
Technical
Systems Admin
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Simulated Business Environment
• “Real World View” - Provides comfort feeling
• Increase learning curve of project team
• Involvement of organization
Simulation - “Playback” of Business Processes
Phase 4: ValidationPhase 4: Validation
• Develop integrated and documented solutions through cycles
• Develop and test interfaces, reports, and conversions• Authorization and system administration• User procedures• Productive environment• Health Check
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Establish Systems Administration Procedures
Cycle 1 Finalize Configuration/Test/
Validate
Steering Comm Meeting
Establish Productive Environment
Review Project Scope/Issues
Design Interfaces/Conversions/Reporting
Cycle n Finalize Configuration/Test/
Validate
Project
MgmtClient
Consultant
Technical
Systems Admin
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
6YouAreHere
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Quality Review
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
6YouAreHere
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Review Project Status
Develop End User Documentation Training
Test Interfaces/Conversions/Reporting
Verify Systems Administration
Project
MgmtClient
Consultant
Technical
Systems Admin
Business Process CyclesCycle 1 . . . Cycle n
• Level 3 training
• Business process configuration
• Testing scenarios
• Playback by scenario
• Signoff by scenario
Benefits of Cycles
• Allows for checkpoints
• Short definable deadlines
• Communication/buy-in from business community
• Continuous testing
Phase 5: Final Phase 5: Final PreparationPreparation
• Go-live plan
• End-user training
• Integration, volume and stress testing
• Early watch
• Establish internal help desk
• Cut-over to productive environment
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Consultant
Systems Admin
Project
MgmtClient
Technical
Steering Comm Meeting Develop Go-Live Plan Prepare for
Organizational Change
Execute Integration Test
Execute ConversionPrograms
Transfer Data to System
Train End User Trainers
Execute Stress/Volume Test
Conduct Early Watch andProductive Readiness
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Quality Review
Organize Product Support
Train End Users
Create Product Environment
Cut-OverConsultant
Systems Admin
Project
MgmtClient
Technical
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Phase 6: Go-Live and Support
• Application support• Verify accuracy of productive system• Measurement of business benefits
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
6YouAreHere
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Phase 6: Go Live and SupportPhase 6: Go Live and Support
ProjectMgmt
Client
Consultant
Technical/System Admin
Quality Review
Monitor End User Acceptance
Verify BusinessResults
Audit and MeasureBusiness Benefits
Track and Route Issues
Provide Application Support
Improve System Utilization System Maintenanceand Upgrade
Revise Business
ProcessesQ & A
SessionsVerify Results
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
6YouAreHere
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AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Summary• A process-oriented...• Step-by-step guide...• With multi-level training...• And consistent feedback
to user community
. . . for efficient R/3 implementation
Phase 3: Simulation
Realization of
Business Benefits
Go Live &Support
ProjectPreparation
1
BusinessBlueprint
2
Simulation Validation
4
FinalPreparation
6YouAreHere
53
AcceleratedSAP Roadmap...
Questions?Questions?