Introduction To Powershell

Paul H CassidyTest Automation Lead

Front Porch – Sonora, CAhttp://www.twitter.com/qa_warrior

Agenda Introduce PowerShell Learn to investigate and explore PowerShell Demo’s showing a bit of what is possible

with PowerShell

Windows PowerShell

A command line and scripting language◦ As interactive and engaging as BASH/KSH◦ As programmatic as Perl/Python/Ruby

State of the Software - Community• Active and useful Newsgroups and Forums• Lots of active Codeplex projects• Strong group of MVPs• Strong community tools• Lots of books covering specific and general areas

The Difference is OBJECTS!

Get-Process | Where { $_.handles –gt 500 } | Sort handles | Format-Table

Get-P

rocess

Cm

dlet

Common Windows PowerShell Parser

Windows PowerShell Pipeline ProcessorW

here C

md

let

So

rt C

md

let

Fo

rmat

Cm

dlet

ProductivityExchange 2003 (VBScript) E12 (Monad Script)

Mailbox Statistics

Set listExchange_Mailboxs = GetObject("winmgmts:{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\COMPUTERNAME\ROOT\MicrosoftExchangeV2").InstancesOf("Exchange_Mailbox")

For Each objExchange_Mailbox in listExchange_MailboxsWScript.echo "AssocContentCount =” + objExchange_Mailbox.AssocContentCountWScript.echo " DateDiscoveredAbsentInDS =” + objExchange_Mailbox.DateDiscoveredAbsentInDSWScript.echo " DeletedMessageSizeExtended =” + objExchange_Mailbox. DeletedMessageSizeExtendedWScript.echo " LastLoggedOnUserAccount =” + objExchange_Mailbox. LastLoggedOnUserAccountWScript.echo " LastLogoffTime =” + objExchange_Mailbox. LastLogoffTimeWScript.echo " LastLogonTime =” + objExchange_Mailbox. LastLogonTime WScript.echo " LegacyDN =” + objExchange_Mailbox. LegacyDNWScript.echo " MailboxDisplayName =” + objExchange_Mailbox. MailboxDisplayNameWScript.echo " MailboxGUID =” + objExchange_Mailbox. MailboxGUID WScript.echo " ServerName =” + objExchange_Mailbox. ServerName WScript.echo " Size =” + objExchange_Mailbox. SizeWScript.echo " StorageGroupName =” + objExchange_Mailbox. StorageGroupName WScript.echo " StorageLimitInfo =” + objExchange_Mailbox. StorageLimitInfo WScript.echo " StoreName =” + objExchange_Mailbox. StoreName WScript.echo " TotalItems =” + objExchange_Mailbox. TotalItems Next

get-mailboxstatistics –server $servername

Database Mgmt

Dim StorGroup as New CDOEXM.StorageGroup

StorGroup.DataSource.Open "LDAP://" + DCServer + "/ CN=First Storage Group,CN=InformationStore,CN=" + Server + ",CN=Servers,CN=First Administrative Group, CN=Administrative Groups,CN=First Organization, CN=Microsoft Exchange,CN=Services, CN=Configuration," + DomainName

StorGroup.MoveLogFiles("C:\newlogPath", 0)

move-storagegrouppath -identity “First Storage Group“ –log "C:\newlogPath”

Recipient Mgmt

Dim objMailbox As CDOEXM.IMailboxStore

Set objMailbox = GetObject("LDAP://" + DCServer + "CN=FOO,CN=users," + DomainName)

objMailbox.CreateMailbox "LDAP://" + DCServer + "/CN=Private MDB,CN=First Storage Group,CN=InformationStore,CN=" + Server + ",CN=Servers,CN=First Administrative Group, CN=Administrative Groups,CN=First Organization, CN=Microsoft Exchange,CN=Services, CN=Configuration," + DomainName

enable-mailbox -identity domain\FOO –database “First Storage Group\Private MDB”

Learn and LeverageIn the box documents

Release NotesGetting Started, User’s Guide, Quick ReferenceHelp

Discovery utilitiesBooksCommunityPractice ad hoc development

Command Function

Get-Command

Get information about anything that can be invoked

Get-Help Help about PowerShell commands and topics

Get-Member Show what can be done with an object

Get-PSDrive Shows what object stores are available

Utilities - Discovery

Discovery Utilities

Windows PowerShell

demo

Command Action

Compare Compare 2 sets of objects

Group Split a set of objects into groups

Measure Measure some property of a set of objects

Select Select a set of properties from a set of objects

Sort Sort objects

Tee Make a copy of a set of objects

Where Select a subset of objects

Utilities – Object Manipulation

Object Manipulations Utilities

Windows PowerShell

demo

Commands Functions

Format -Custom -List -Table -Wide

Convert objects into formatting records

Out -File -Host -Printer -String

Convert formatting records into output-specific directives.

Export/Import -CliXML -CSV

Converts objects into and out of file formats

ConvertTo -HTML

Converts object into other objects

Transformation and Output

Transformation and Output Utilities

Windows PowerShell

demo

PowerShell provides native access to any .NET class

Create any object◦ [reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Wind

ows.Forms")◦ $d = New-Object System.DateTime 2006,12,25

Access Properties/Invoke Methods◦ $d.DayOfWeek◦ $d.AddDays(-30)

Access Statics◦ [DateTime]::Now◦ [DateTime]::IsLeapYear(2008)

Scripting with .NET

Allows admins to easily access and leverage a huge API set because of scriptability, utilities and formatting

.Net Scripting

Windows PowerShell

demo

Access existing instrumentation◦Bind to COM objects

$fso = New-Object -ComObject Scripting.FileSystemObject $m = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal] $word = $m::GetActiveObject("Word.Application")

◦Invoke methods/access properties $fso.GetDrive(“C:”) $fso.VolumeName = “System Drive”

Manipulate and format results◦Define and import custom formating

Update-FormatData Office.Word.Format.ps1xml $word.RecentFiles | Sort name | Format-Table

Scripting with COM

Allows more simpler/more powerful COM scripts because of utilities and formatting

PowerShell provides native WMI support Get-WmiObject

◦ Allows for inspection of WMI namespace◦ Get-WmiObject –list [-Namespace xx]◦ Get-WmiObject –Class xx –Namespace xx –Property xxx –

Filter xxx –ComputerName xxx –Credential xxx Native language support

◦ [WMI] “\\JPSDESK10\root\cimv2:Win32_Process.Handle="0“◦ [WMICLASS] "ROOT\cimv2:WIN32_PROCESS"◦ [WMISEARCHER]"select * from Win32_process WHERE

Name = 'calc.exe'"

Scripting with WMI

WMI Scripting

Windows PowerShell

demo

PowerShell provides native XML support◦ [XML]”<root>…. </root>”

Projects a “data-view” of XML

Scripting with XML

XML Scripting

Windows PowerShell

demo

Community ResourcesNewsgroup: Microsoft.Public.Windows.PowerShellTeam blog: http://blogs.msdn.com/PowerShell/PowerShell Community: http://www.PowershellCommunity.OrgCommunity Script Repo http://www.poshcode.orgChannel 9 http://channel9.msdn.com/tags/PowerShellWiki

http://channel9.msdn.com/wiki/default.aspx/Channel9.WindowsPowerShellWiki

Script Center: http://www.microsoft.com/technet/scriptcenter/hubs/msh.mspxCodePlex:

http://codeplex.com/Project/ProjectDirectory.aspx?TagName=powershellMany excellent books

Manning Press book by PowerShell Dev Lead Bruce Payette: PowerShell in Action http://manning.com/powershell/ O’Reilly book by PowerShell Dev Lee Holmes – Windows PowerShell Cookbook

http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/9780596528492/index.html

Session Demos for Introduction To Powershell

Q&A