Post on 16-Dec-2015
Stem & Spelling Stem & Spelling Changing VerbsChanging Verbs
Stem-Changing VerbsStem-Changing Verbs Stem-changing Verbs have Stem-changing Verbs have the same endings as regular the same endings as regular verbs. verbs.
In the In the present tensepresent tense, , however, their however, their stemsstems change change in all forms except in all forms except nosotrosnosotros and and vosotrosvosotros forms. forms.
These verbs are commonly These verbs are commonly referred to as “boot verbs.”referred to as “boot verbs.”
Stem-Changing VerbsStem-Changing Verbs There are some –ar, -er, There are some –ar, -er, & -ir verbs that have a & -ir verbs that have a stem change of stem change of eeieie in in the boot.the boot.
These verbs are:These verbs are: cerrar – to closecerrar – to close comenzar – to begincomenzar – to begin empezar – to beginempezar – to begin
Stem-Changing VerbsStem-Changing Verbs encender – to turn onencender – to turn on entender – to understandentender – to understand nevar – to snownevar – to snow pensar – to think, to planpensar – to think, to plan perder – to loseperder – to lose preferir – to preferpreferir – to prefer querer – to wantquerer – to want
Stem-Changing VerbsStem-Changing Verbs recomendar – to recomendar – to recommendrecommend
sugerir – to suggestsugerir – to suggest
comenzar – to begin comenzar – to begin (e(eie)ie)
comienzocomienzascomienza
comenzamoscomenzáiscomienzan
Stem-Changing VerbsStem-Changing Verbs There are some –ar, -er, There are some –ar, -er, & -ir verbs that have a & -ir verbs that have a stem change of stem change of ooueue in in the boot.the boot.
These verbs are:These verbs are: almorzar – to eat lunchalmorzar – to eat lunch contar – to countcontar – to count costar – to costcostar – to cost
Stem-Changing VerbsStem-Changing Verbs devolver – to return devolver – to return (something)(something)
dormir – to sleepdormir – to sleep encontrar – to findencontrar – to find jugar (ujugar (uue) – to playue) – to play llover – to rainllover – to rain morir – to diemorir – to die
Stem-Changing VerbsStem-Changing Verbs mover – to movemover – to move poder – to be able to (“can”)poder – to be able to (“can”) probar – to taste, to tryprobar – to taste, to try recordar – to rememberrecordar – to remember soñar (con)– to dream aboutsoñar (con)– to dream about volar – to flyvolar – to fly volver – to return, come backvolver – to return, come back
dormir – to sleep dormir – to sleep (o(oue)ue)
duermo
duermes
duerme
dormimos
dormís
duermen
Stem-Changing VerbsStem-Changing Verbs There are some There are some -ir-ir verbs verbs that have a stem change that have a stem change of of eeii in the boot. in the boot.
These verbs are:These verbs are: pedir – to ask forpedir – to ask for reír – to laughreír – to laugh repetir – to repeatrepetir – to repeat
Stem-Changing VerbsStem-Changing Verbs seguir – to continue, seguir – to continue, followfollow
corregir – to correctcorregir – to correct elegir – to choose, electelegir – to choose, elect sonreír – to smilesonreír – to smile
pedir – to ask for (epedir – to ask for (ei)i)
pido
pides
pide
pedimos
pedís
piden
reír – to laugh (ereír – to laugh (eí)í)
río
ríes
ríe
reímos
reís
ríen
elegir – to choose, to elegir – to choose, to elect eelect ei (gi (gj)j)
elijo
eliges
elige
elegimos
elegís
eligen
Spelling-Changing VerbsSpelling-Changing Verbs There are also some There are also some verbs in Spanish that verbs in Spanish that have a spelling change in have a spelling change in “the boot.”“the boot.”
These changes usually These changes usually occur for pronunciation occur for pronunciation reasons. reasons.
Spelling-Changing VerbsSpelling-Changing Verbs• Most verbs that end in “-Most verbs that end in “-iar” have a written accent iar” have a written accent mark on the final vowel of mark on the final vowel of the stem (the “i”). the stem (the “i”).
• The following verbs have a The following verbs have a spelling change of spelling change of iiíí in in “the boot.”“the boot.”
• esquiar – to skiesquiar – to ski• enviar – to sendenviar – to send
esquiar – to ski (iesquiar – to ski (ií)í)
esquío
esquías
esquía
esquiamos esquiáis
esquían
Spelling-Changing VerbsSpelling-Changing Verbs• Most verbs that end in “-Most verbs that end in “-uar” have a written accent uar” have a written accent mark on the final vowel of mark on the final vowel of the stem (the “u”). the stem (the “u”).
• The following verbs have a The following verbs have a spelling change of spelling change of uuúú in in “the boot.”“the boot.”
• actuar – to actactuar – to act• continuar – to continuecontinuar – to continue
actuar – to act (uactuar – to act (uú)ú)
actúo
actúas
actúa
actuamos
actuáis
actúan
Spelling-Changing VerbsSpelling-Changing Verbs• Most verbs that end in “-uir” Most verbs that end in “-uir”
have an added “y” inside of have an added “y” inside of the boot .the boot .
• • incluir – to includeincluir – to include• influir- to influenceinfluir- to influence• destruir – to destroydestruir – to destroy
incluir – to include incluir – to include (add a “y”)(add a “y”)
incluyo
incluyes
incluye
incluimos
incluís
incluyen